Individual Behavior and Community Dynamics

Presenting an integrated synthesis of behavioral and community ecology, this book addresses the effects of animal behavior on patterns of population growth and community structure. Paper. DLC: Animal behavior - Evolution.

Foreword

vii

(2)

Preface

ix

1 Introduction

1

(23)

1.1 Objectives

1

(2)

1.2 Topics to be Covered

3

(2)

1.3 Predator-Prey Dynamics

5

(11)

1.4 Competition

16

(6)

1.5 Summary

22

(2)

2 Diet Selection

24

(28)

2.1 Nutrient-Maximizing Diets

25

(13)

2.1.1 Experimental Evidence for Optimal Diets

27

(2)

2.1.2 Partial Preferences

29

(2)

2.1.3 Diet Selection and the Functional Response

31

(2)

2.1.4 Experimental Tests of the Functional Response

33

(1)

2.1.5 Diet Choice and Population Dynamics

34

(4)

2.2 Evolutionary Dynamics of Diet Selection

38

(4)

2.3 Balanced Nutrient Diets

42

(9)

2.3.1 Experimental Evidence for Balanced Diets

46

(2)

2.3.2 Balanced Diets and Population Dynamics

48

(3)

2.4 Summary

51

(1)

3 Prey Defense

52

(30)

3.1 Types of Defenses

52

(1)

3.2 Defense Effects and Population Parameters

53

(2)

3.3 Parameter Effects on Dynamics

55

(1)

3.4 Time Allocation

55

(15)

3.4.1 Risk-Sensitive Prey

58

(4)

3.4.2 3-Link System

62

(8)

3.5 Optimal Defense

70

(10)

3.5.1 Perfectly Timed Induced Defense

73

(5)

3.5.2 Lagged Induced Defense

78

(2)

3.6 Summary

80

(2)

4 Habitat Use and Spatial Structure

82

(34)

4.1 Habitat Variation

82

(1)

4.2 Energy-Maximizing Habitat Use

83

(12)

4.2.1 Experimental Evidence for Optimal Habitat Choice

86

(2)

4.2.2 Habitat Choice and Predator-Prey Dynamics

88

(4)

4.2.3 Habitat Choice and Competitive Dynamics

92

(3)

4.3 Evasion of Predators by Prey

95

(8)

4.3.1 Experimental Evidence of Predator Evasion

98

(1)

4.3.2 Food Chain Dynamics

99

(4)

4.4 Spatial Structure

103

(12)

4.4.1 Experimental Evidence of Optimal Patch Use

103

(1)

4.4.2 Patchy Predator-Prey Dynamics

104

(9)

4.4.3 Experimental Evidence of Patchy Predator-Prey Dynamics

113

(2)

4.5 Summary

115

(1)

5 Size-Selective Predation

116

(25)

5.1 Diet Selection Model

117

(10)

5.1.1 Self-Thinning

117

(1)

5.1.2 Size-Dependent Consumption

118

(4)

5.1.3 Size-Selection and Population Dynamics

122

(5)

5.2 Partial Predation Model

127

(9)

5.2.1 Consumption Model

127

(5)

5.2.2 Partial Predation and Population Dynamics

132

(4)

5.3 The Size Structure Challenge

136

(3)

5.4 Summary

139

(2)

6 Interference and Territoriality

141

(30)

6.1 Interference

141

(8)

6.1.1 Interference and Population Dynamics

144

(1)

6.1.2 Social Structure and Interference Levels

144

(3)

6.1.3 Spatial Structure and Interference

147

(2)

6.2 Territoriality

149

(20)

6.2.1 Optimal Territory Size

149

(3)

6.2.2 Evidence for Optimal Territory Size

152

(1)

6.2.3 Optimal Territory Size and Population Dynamics

153

(3)

6.2.4 Systematic Foraging

156

(5)

6.2.5 Central-Place Foraging and Prey Spatial Refugia

161

(5)

6.2.6 Central-Place Foraging and Population Dynamics

166

(3)

6.3 Summary

169

(2)

7 Epilogue

171

(6)

References

177

(22)

Index

199

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Individual Behavior and Community Dynamics

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials