Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean : Breaking with History?

, by De Ferranti, David M.; Perry, Guillermo E.; Ferreira, Francisco H. G.; Walton, Michael; De Ferranti, David M.

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ISBN: 9780821356654 | 0821356658
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/27/2004

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With the exception of Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean has been one of the regions of the world with the greatest inequality.'Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean' explores why the region suffers from such persistent inequality, identifies how it hampers development, and suggests ways to achieve greater equity in the distribution of wealth, incomes and opportunities. The study draws on data from 20 countries based on household surveys covering 3.6 million people, and reviews extensive economic, sociological and political science studies on inequality in Latin America.

Acknowledgments

Summary

(16)

Introduction: Motivation and Conceptual Framework

(16)

A conceptual framework

(6)

The consequences of high inequality

(9)

Part I: The Nature of Inequality in Latin America

(74)

Different Lives: Inequality in Latin America

(42)

Some conceptual issues

(2)

Income inequality and beyond

(11)

Measurement-related issues and data limitations

(5)

Inequality in Latin America in perspective

(4)

Looking inside household income

(9)

Inequality beyond income

(5)

Conclusions

(6)

Group-Based Inequalities: The Roles of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender

(30)

Who are the people of Latin America?

(6)

Inequality among individuals during the lifecycle

(12)

Would income inequality decline if returns to human capital were more equal?

(8)

Conclusions

104

(3)

Part II: The Determinants of Inequality in Latin America

107

(68)

Historical Roots of Inequality in Latin America

109

(14)

Factor endowments, inequality, and institutions

109

(3)

The persistence of inequality: The colonial period

112

(1)

The persistence of inequality: Post-independence

112

(8)

The 20th century

120

(2)

The 21st century and beyond

122

(1)

State-Society Interactions as Sources of Persistence and Change in Inequality

123

(26)

Political and social structures as forces for the reproduction of inequality

125

(9)

The potential for equalizing political and social change

134

(11)

Conclusions

145

(4)

Economic Mechanisms for the Persistence of High Inequality in Latin America

149

(26)

Asset distributions: Education and land

151

(6)

Job match quality

157

(4)

Remuneration in the labor markets

161

(4)

Household formation

165

(8)

Conclusions

173

(2)

Part III: Policies for Lower Inequality

175

(110)

Policies on Assets and Services

177

(40)

Education

177

(12)

Property rights, land, and housing

189

(15)

Infrastructure services and the distributional impact of privatization

204

(11)

Conclusions

215

(2)

Policies on Markets and Institutions

217

(30)

Markets and inequality

217

(7)

Labor market policies and inequality

224

(3)

Inequality and macroeconomic crises

227

(16)

Conclusions

243

(4)

Taxation, Public Expenditures, and Transfers

247

(38)

Taxes and distribution

248

(9)

Public social spending and distribution

257

(11)

Cash transfers and distribution

268

(12)

Conclusions

280

(5)

Statistical Appendix

285

(66)

Bibliography

351

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Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean : Breaking with History?

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials