Inequality in the Portuguese-Speaking World Global & Historical Perspectives

Global social inequality has declined over the past 100 years, and the gap between different parts of the world, measured by average lifespan, has narrowed. The internal gap between the wealthy and poor in the western world has likewise reduced, from the 1930s to the 1970s, although not in a linear way. The 1980s represented a turning point in developed countries, as the top 0.1% of income earners accumulated extraordinary riches. This new trend did not subside with the financial crisis of 2008, but expanded to less developed areas of the world; indeed, long-term significant reduction of poverty is now considered vulnerable. Inequality of income and its associated impacts has triggered a passionate debate between those who maintain that an unequal accumulation of richness is crucial for economic and social progress and those who believe that it does not encourage investment and that it prevents increased demand, thus negatively affecting the economy. This contributed volume sets out to study social inequality in Portuguese-speaking countries, thus providing diversification of experience across different continents. The purpose is to identify major economic, historical and cultural developments in terms of education, health, life-cycle, gender, ethnic, and religious relations. The current realities of migration are also addressed, since they raise the issue of ethnic integration. This is the first published work to address inequality in a cross-continent yet same language perspective. It presents a striking advance in the global study of inequality. (Series: Portuguese-Speaking World: Its History, Politics & Culture) [Subject: Politics, History, Economic & Social Inequality, Migration Studies, Sociology, Portuguese Studies]

Contents
Series Editors’ Preface
Author’s Preface and Acknowledgements

Introduction
Francisco Bethencourt

1. Social Inequality: A Comparative and Historical View
Francisco Bethencourt

I. Modern Social Inequality
2. Race And Inequality in Brazil: A Deep Shadow
Lilia Moritz Schwarcz

3. Inequality and Redistribution: Welfare State Development in Brazil?
Celia Kerstenetzky

4. Inequality of Income in Portugal
Carlos Farinha Rodrigues

5. Organizational Sources of Social Resilience and Progressive Governance: Portugal During and After Austerity (2008-2015)
Tiago Fernandes

6. The Estado Novo and the Making Of Portugal’s Unequal Modernity
Pedro Ramos Pinto

II. Postcolonial Identities
7. The Slow Men: Daily Rhythms and Social Inequalities in Nineteenth-Century Brazil
Laurent Vidal

8. Inequalities in Brazilian Literature
Vinicius Mariano De Carvalho

9. The Garden of So Many Men? Women, Equality and Liberation in Mozambican Cinema
Hilary Owen

10. Inequalities, in Other Words: Literary Portrayals of the Cities of Luanda and Maputo
Margarida Calafate Ribeiro

III. The Colonial Period
11. Inequality, Difference, and Violence: The Brazilian Case In Historical Perspective
Laura De Melo E Souza


12. Social Inequality in the Portuguese Empire
Francisco Bethencourt

13. Inequalities on Trial: Conflict, Violence and Dissent in the Making of Colonial Angola (1907-1920)
Filipa Lowndes Vicente and Inês Vieira Gomes

14. Managing Inequalities: Welfare Colonialism in the Portuguese Empire since the 1940s
Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo

About the Editors and Contributors
Index