Inorganic Mass Spectrometry Principles and Applications
, by Becker, Sabine- ISBN: 9780470012000 | 0470012005
- Cover: Hardcover
- Copyright: 12/26/2007
Foreword | p. xiii |
Preface | p. xvii |
Acknowledgements | p. xix |
Introduction to Mass Spectrometry | p. 1 |
History of Mass Spectrometric Techniques | p. 7 |
References | p. 22 |
Ion Sources | p. 25 |
Inductively Coupled Plasma Ion Source | p. 28 |
Laser Ablation Coupled to an Inductively Coupled Plasma Ion Source | p. 38 |
Electrothermal Vaporization Coupled to an Inductively Coupled Plasma Ion Source | p. 43 |
Hydride Generation and Cold Vapour Technique Coupled to an Inductively Coupled Plasma Source | p. 43 |
Spark Ion Source | p. 44 |
Laser Ion Source | p. 46 |
Laser Plasma Ionization | p. 46 |
Resonant Laser Ionization | p. 50 |
Glow Discharge Ion Source | p. 51 |
Thermal Surface Ionization Source | p. 56 |
Ion Sources for Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and Sputtered Neutral Mass Spectrometry (SNMS) | p. 60 |
Electron Ionization Source | p. 65 |
Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Source | p. 69 |
Electrospray Ionization Source | p. 70 |
References | p. 73 |
Ion Separation | p. 77 |
Sector Field Analyzer | p. 78 |
Magnetic Sector Field Analyzer | p. 78 |
Electric Sector Field Analyzer | p. 81 |
Combination of Magnetic and Electric Sector Fields - Double-focusing Sector Field Mass Spectrometer | p. 83 |
Dynamic Mass Separation Systems | p. 87 |
Quadrupole Mass Analyzer | p. 87 |
Time-of-flight Analyzer | p. 91 |
Ion Trap Mass Analyzer | p. 94 |
Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Analyzer | p. 95 |
Mass Resolution and Abundance Sensitivity | p. 98 |
References | p. 101 |
Ion Detection Systems | p. 103 |
Faraday Cup | p. 103 |
Secondary Electron Multiplier | p. 105 |
Combination of Faraday Cup and Secondary Electron Multiplier | p. 107 |
Channel Electron Multiplier and Microchannel Plates | p. 108 |
Daly Detector | p. 109 |
Multiple Ion Collection System | p. 111 |
Fluorescence Screen and Photographic Ion Detection | p. 113 |
References | p. 114 |
Instrumentation | p. 117 |
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometers (ICP-MS) | p. 120 |
Quadrupole Based ICP Mass Spectrometers (ICP-QMS) | p. 121 |
ICP Mass Spectrometers with Collision or Dynamic Reaction Cell or Collision Reaction Interface | p. 123 |
Double-focusing Sector Field ICP Mass Spectrometers with Single Ion Collector (ICP-SFMS) | p. 131 |
Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometers (ToF-MS) | p. 133 |
Multiple Ion Collector ICP Mass Spectrometers (MC-ICP-MS) | p. 135 |
Solution Introduction Systems in ICP-MS | p. 141 |
Hydride Generation and Cold Vapour Technique | p. 146 |
Flow Injection and Hyphenated Techniques | p. 147 |
Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometers (LA-ICP-MS) | p. 150 |
Spark Source Mass Spectrometers (SSMS) | p. 153 |
Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometers (LIMS) | p. 154 |
Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometers (RIMS) | p. 155 |
Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometers (GDMS) | p. 157 |
Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometers (TIMS) | p. 160 |
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometers (SIMS) and Sputtered Neutral Mass Spectrometers (SNMS) | p. 161 |
Accelerator Mass Spectrometers (AMS) | p. 167 |
Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometers for Stable Isotope Ratio Measurements | p. 169 |
Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometers | p. 170 |
References | p. 171 |
Analytical and Practical Considerations | p. 177 |
Qualitative Analysis | p. 177 |
Isotopic Pattern | p. 178 |
Mass Determination | p. 180 |
Interference Problems | p. 180 |
Quantification Procedures | p. 187 |
Semi-quantitative Analysis | p. 188 |
One Point Calibration in Solid-state Mass Spectrometry Using a Certified Reference Material | p. 189 |
Quantification of Analytical Data via Calibration Curves in Mass Spectrometry Using Certified Reference Materials or Defined Standard Solutions | p. 193 |
Isotope Dilution Technique | p. 196 |
Quantification in Solid-state Mass Spectrometry Using Synthetic Laboratory Standards | p. 199 |
Solution Based Calibration in LA-ICP-MS | p. 201 |
Sample Preparation and Pretreatment | p. 208 |
Sample Preparation for Analysis of Solids | p. 209 |
Sample Preparation for ICP-MS | p. 209 |
Trace Matrix Separation and Preconcentration Steps | p. 211 |
References | p. 212 |
Mass Spectrometric Techniques for Analysis of Gaseous Materials and Volatile Compounds | p. 215 |
Sampling and Sample Preparation of Gases and Volatile Compounds | p. 215 |
Applications of Inorganic Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Gases and Volatile Compounds | p. 216 |
Stable Isotope Ratio Measurements of Gases and Volatile Compounds | p. 220 |
References | p. 221 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements and their Application | p. 223 |
Capability of Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Isotope Ratio Measurements | p. 226 |
Limits for Precision and Accuracy of Isotope Ratio Measurements and How to Solve the Problems | p. 228 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements by Gas Source Mass Spectrometry | p. 232 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements by Quadrupole based ICP-MS | p. 232 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements by Laser Ablation ICP-MS | p. 234 |
Multiple Ion Collector Mass Spectrometry for High Precision Isotope Ratio Measurements | p. 237 |
Applications of Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry | p. 239 |
Isotope Ratio Measurement of Long-Lived Radionuclides | p. 241 |
Applications of Isotope Ratio Measurements in Geochemistry and Geochronology | p. 246 |
References | p. 250 |
Fields of Application in Trace, Ultratrace and Surface Analysis | p. 255 |
Materials Science | p. 256 |
Trace and Ultratrace (Bulk) Analysis of Metals and Alloys | p. 260 |
Semiconductors | p. 268 |
Ceramics, Glasses, Polymers and Other Non-conductors | p. 272 |
Thin and Thick Film Analysis | p. 277 |
Analysis of Surface Contamination and of Process Chemicals Used in Semiconductor Technology | p. 287 |
Microlocal Analysis in Materials Research | p. 291 |
Imaging by Inorganic Mass Spectrometry in Materials Science | p. 292 |
References I | p. 293 |
Environmental Science and Environmental Control | p. 298 |
Analysis of Water Samples | p. 300 |
Analysis of Air Samples, Particles and Smoke | p. 304 |
Multi-elemental Analysis of Environmental Samples for Environmental Control | p. 306 |
Environmental Monitoring of Selected Elements, Group Elements and Trace Element Species | p. 306 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements in Environmental Samples | p. 308 |
Monitoring of Radionuclides in the Environment | p. 311 |
References II | p. 313 |
Biology | p. 317 |
Analysis of Trace Elements in Biological Samples | p. 318 |
Elemental Speciation in Biological Samples | p. 322 |
Analysis of Phosphorus, Metals and Metalloids Bonded to Proteins | p. 326 |
Isotope Ratio Measurements of Biological Systems | p. 331 |
Trace and Imaging Analysis on Biological Tissues and Single Cells | p. 333 |
References III | p. 336 |
Bioengineering | p. 338 |
Activities in Bioengineering and Analytics | p. 339 |
Nanobiotechnology | p. 340 |
References IV | p. 343 |
Medicine | p. 344 |
Sampling, Sample Handling and Storage of Medical Samples | p. 344 |
Body Fluids | p. 345 |
Hair, Nail, Tooth and Bone Analysis | p. 349 |
Microanalysis of Small Amounts of Medical Samples | p. 352 |
P, S, Se and Metal Determination in Proteins | p. 353 |
Analysis of Tissues | p. 362 |
Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Medical Tissues | p. 366 |
Single Cell Analysis | p. 372 |
Ultrafine Particles and Health | p. 375 |
References V | p. 375 |
Food Analysis | p. 380 |
Determination of Trace Elements and Species in Foodstuffs | p. 381 |
Analysis of Mineral and Bottled Water | p. 385 |
Fingerprinting of Foods by Trace Analysis and Isotope Ratio Measurements | p. 385 |
References VI | p. 386 |
Geology and Geochemistry | p. 388 |
Sample Preparation Techniques for Geological Samples | p. 388 |
Fractionation Effects in LA-ICP-MS | p. 390 |
Multi-element Analysis of Geological Samples | p. 391 |
Trace Analysis of Selected Elements in Geological Materials | p. 396 |
Isotope Analysis Including Age Determination of Minerals and Rocks by Mass Spectrometry | p. 398 |
Mass Spectrometric Microlocal and Imaging Analysis of Geological Samples | p. 407 |
References VII | p. 407 |
Cosmochemistry, Planetary and Space Science | p. 410 |
Cosmochemical Trace Analysis | p. 410 |
Isotope Analysis in Cosmochemistry | p. 412 |
Cosmogenic Radionuclides and Age Dating | p. 413 |
References VIII | p. 414 |
Determination of Long-lived Radionuclides | p. 415 |
Determination of Half-life of Long-lived Radionuclides | p. 418 |
Methodological Developments and Applications of ICP-MS for Determination of Long-lived Radionuclides Including Trace/Matrix Separation | p. 419 |
Ultratrace Analysis of Long-lived Radionuclides in Very Small Sample Volumes | p. 424 |
Determination of Long-lived Radionuclides by LA-ICP-MS and ETV-ICP-MS | p. 427 |
Particle Analysis by Inorganic Mass Spectrometry | p. 430 |
References IX | p. 431 |
Forensic Analysis | p. 433 |
Fingerprinting in Forensic Studies | p. 434 |
Multi-element Analysis for Forensic Studies | p. 435 |
Trace Element Analysis of Selected Elements and Speciation | p. 436 |
Nuclear Forensic Studies | p. 437 |
Forensic Investigations by Isotope Ratio Measurements | p. 438 |
References X | p. 439 |
Study of Cluster and Polyatomic Ion Formation by Mass Spectrometry | p. 440 |
Carbon and Boron Nitride Cluster Ion Formation | p. 441 |
Formation of Selected Heteronuclear Cluster Ions | p. 446 |
Clusters From Metal Oxide/Graphite Mixtures | p. 446 |
Argon Diatomic Ions | p. 450 |
Oxide Ion Formation of Long-lived Radionuclides in ICP-MS | p. 453 |
References XI | p. 455 |
Further Applications | p. 456 |
Pharmaceutical Applications and Analysis of Drugs | p. 457 |
Archaeology | p. 457 |
References XII | p. 458 |
Future Developments and Trends in Inorganic Mass Spectrometry | p. 459 |
Appendices | |
Appendix I | p. 463 |
Appendix II | p. 470 |
Appendix III | p. 473 |
Appendix IV | p. 478 |
Appendix V | p. 481 |
Index | p. 483 |
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