Integrating Complementary Medicine into Health Systems

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ISBN: 9780834212169 | 0834212161
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/23/2001

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Winner of a Doody Publishing's 2001 Book of the Year award! This comprehensive and in-depth guide provides the expertise of more than 100 of the nation's top professionals including administrators, actuaries, consultants, and clinicians. They share their professional experience in successful program development, including: Trends and data Practical strategic planning Reimbursement, marketing, and policy Credentialing and staffing Regulations Clinical operations Assessment and research Integrating Complementary Medicine into Health Systems includes complete case studies by over 40 model organizations and in-depth reviews of acupuncture, chiropractic, therapeutic massage, clinical nutrition, and herbal therapy.

Acknowledgments and Contributors

xxix

Foreword

xxxv

Preface

xxxvii

THE EMERGING FIELD OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE

(2)

PART I---INTRODUCTION

(38)

Major Trends in the Integration of Complementary and Alternative Medicine

(8)

John Weeks

Emerging Trends

(5)

Future Directions

(3)

Utilization Data on Complementary and Alternative Medicine

(10)

Nancy Faass

Size of the Market

(1)

Alternative or Complementary Medicine?

(1)

Demographics

(1)

Physician Referral

(1)

Reimbursement

(1)

Utilization of CAM Therapies

(1)

Motivation for Use

(2)

Discussion

(2)

Evolving Demands and Demographics in Health Care

(10)

Clement Bezold

Changing Demographics

(1)

Generations

(1)

Demographics and the Use of CAM

(1)

Epidemiology of Need

(4)

New Directions

(1)

Images of the Future

(2)

New Perspectives

(9)

The Evolution of Integrative Medicine in Washington State

(3)

Eileen Stretch

Nancy Faass

The Growth of Integrative Medicine

(2)

The Process of Integration

(1)

A Personal Perspective

(1)

Developing an Integrative Medicine Program: The University of Arizona Experience

(6)

Tracy W. Gaudet

Nancy Faass

The Issues within Medicine

(2)

Continuing Education in Integrative Medicine

(1)

Integrative Medicine within the Organization

(3)

Conclusion

(1)

MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

(2)

PART II---PRACTICAL STRATEGIC PLANNING

(72)

Initial Strategies

(15)

Overview: Evaluating Organizational Readiness

(5)

David C. Kailin

Domains of Knowledge

(2)

Synthesis

(2)

Epilogue

(1)

Visioning and Planning

(7)

Mary Jo Kreitzer

Defining the Organization

(1)

The Planning Process

(4)

Strategic Issues

(1)

Case Studies

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Checklist: Critical Success Factors

(3)

Robert E. Christenson

The Success Factors

(3)

Phasing in Integrative Medicine

(17)

Roger Jahnke

An Overview of Phased Integration

(1)

Inventory Existing Programs and Services

(1)

Promote Health Improvement Programs

(4)

Enhance Infrastructure

(5)

Integrate Complementary Therapies

(4)

A New Era of Health Care Delivery

(2)

Strategic Planning in the Integration of Complementary Medicine

(14)

Lisa K. Rolfe

Karen A. Hohenstein

Evaluating the Options

(7)

Planning the Integrative Medicine Center

(5)

Managing the Integrative Medicine Center

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Integrative Medicine Programs in Hospital Environments

(9)

New Hospital Programs in Integrative Medicine

(5)

Neil Sol

Nancy Faass

The Economic Environment

(3)

Incorporating Wellness and Fitness into the Model

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Briefing: A Consultant's Strategies for Hospitals and Integrative Medicine Centers

(4)

H. Phil Herre

Nancy Faass

Program Development

(2)

Additional Aspects of Program Design

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Case Study: Needs Assessment and Strategic Planning---The Ornish Program

(6)

Glenn Perelson

Developing Insurance Coverage

(1)

Assessing Potential Sites

100

(2)

Implementing the Program

102

(2)

Conclusion

104

(1)

Pursuing Integration: A Model of Integrated Delivery of Complementary and Alternative Medicine

105

(10)

Charles A. Simpson

A Model of Health Care Integration

105

(3)

Administrative Integration

108

(1)

Provider-System Integration

109

(2)

Clinical Integration

111

(2)

Models for Managers

113

(2)

PART III---REIMBURSEMENT, MARKETING, AND POLICY

115

(72)

Reimbursement and Funding

116

(10)

Strategic Planning for Reimbursement

116

(6)

Linda L. Bedell-Logan

Nancy Faass

An Epidemiological Approach to Disease Management

116

(1)

Tracking Outcomes

117

(1)

The Current Status of Insurance Coverage

118

(3)

Conclusion

121

(1)

Perspective: Funding Sources for an Alternative Medicine Clinic

122

(4)

Debra Canfield

Nancy Faass

Assessing Potential Insurance Reimbursement

122

(1)

Other Sources of Reimbursement and Funding

123

(1)

Administration

124

(2)

Marketing Integrative Medicine

126

(15)

Marketing and Incorporating Integrative Medicine Programs

126

(9)

Marla Jane Orth

Marketing Complementary and Alternative Medicine

126

(4)

Basic Benefit Designs

130

(1)

Increasing Regulation on the Horizon

131

(1)

Expanding Insurance Coverage for CAM

131

(4)

Effective Marketing of CAM Services

135

(6)

Cheryl E. Stone

Market Research

135

(1)

Program Design

136

(2)

Placement/Distribution

138

(1)

Pricing

138

(1)

Promotion

139

(1)

Conclusion

140

(1)

Perspectives on Insurance Coverage

141

(12)

Considerations in the Design and Pricing of a Complementary and Alternative Medicine Benefit

141

(8)

Thomas Snook

Introduction

141

(1)

Benefit Design Issues

141

(2)

Pricing Overview

143

(5)

Conclusion

148

(1)

Field Report: Indemnity and Rider Products in Complementary Medicine

149

(4)

James E. Connolly

Nancy Faass

Coverage for CAM

149

(2)

Expanding CAM Coverage

151

(1)

Conclusion

152

(1)

Coding and Software in Support of CAM Claims Processing: Alternative Link

153

(9)

Melinna Giannini

Coding and Software for CAM Data Capture

153

(2)

Information Conveyed by the Codes

155

(2)

Software to Support Electronic CAM Billing

157

(2)

Expediting Payment

159

(1)

Aggregating Costs and Outcomes Data

160

(1)

Future Technology

160

(2)

Federal Initiatives and Resources in Complementary Medicine

162

(9)

Programs of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine and the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH)

162

(5)

Congressional Testimony

Stephen E. Straus

Edward L. Trimble

Overview

162

(1)

Current NCCAM Research

163

(1)

Collaborative Research

164

(2)

NCI Programs

166

(1)

The White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Policy

Press Release by the President of the United States

167

(1)

Members of the White House Commission

167

(1)

Federal Initiatives in Chiropractic

168

(1)

Jay Witter

Chiropractic Legislation

168

(1)

Ornish Program: Medicare Lifestyle Modification Program Demonstration

169

(1)

Health Care Financing Administration

169

(1)

Department of Defense Replication Study

169

(1)

Federal Resources in CAM

169

(2)

Information Dissemination at NCCAM and NCI

169

(1)

NCI Public Information about CAM

170

(1)

State Initiatives in Complementary Medicine

171

(16)

Field Report: The Coverage of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Washington State

171

(2)

Lori L. Bielinski

Field Report: The Clinician Workgroup on the Integration of Complementary and Alternative Medicine

173

(5)

Office of the Insurance Commissioner, State of Washington, Report

Lori L. Bielinski

Robert D. Mootz

Executive Summary

173

(1)

Formation of the Workgroup

173

(1)

Activities of the Workgroup

174

(1)

Insurance Coverage

175

(1)

Conclusions of the Group

176

(2)

Case Studies in Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the Underserved

178

(5)

Sita Ananth

Introduction

178

(1)

A Hospital-Based Acupuncture Program for Addiction Treatment

178

(1)

A Cancer Clinic Staffed by Volunteers

179

(1)

A Community Clinic That Provides Integrative Medicine

180

(1)

Implications

181

(2)

Pilot Program: Providing Alternative Pain Management through Medicaid

183

(4)

David Bearman

Flexible Funding

183

(1)

The Pilot Program

183

(2)

Conclusion

185

(2)

PART IV---CREDENTIALING AND STAFFING

187

(30)

Credentialing Complementary Practitioners

188

(19)

Credentialing Demystified

188

(9)

Vickie S. Ina

The Credentialing Process

188

(3)

Licensing and Legal Requirements

191

(1)

Accreditation and Professional Training

192

(1)

Malpractice and Site Visits

193

(2)

Credentialing Complementary Services with an Outside Consultant or Vendor

195

(2)

Vantage Point: Credentialing Naturopathy

197

(2)

Eileen Stretch

Licensure and Training

197

(2)

Resources

199

(2)

Vickie S. Ina

State Law Defining the Professions Licensed and Regulated by State

201

(6)

Selected Information from California State Law on Acupuncture

201

(1)

The Legal Definition of Acupuncture in the State of Hawaii

202

(1)

The Legal Definition of Acupuncture in the State of North Carolina

203

(4)

Human Resources

207

(10)

Human Resources in Integrative Medicine

207

(6)

Leah Kliger

Key Challenges for Human Resources in Integrative Medicine

207

(1)

Planning

208

(1)

Creating the Organizational Culture

208

(1)

Recruitment Policies, Practices, and Realities

209

(1)

Personnel Competencies

210

(1)

Compensation and Benefits

211

(1)

Education and Training

211

(1)

Provider and Employee Satisfaction

212

(1)

Conclusion

212

(1)

Mind-Body Medicine Programs in Hospital Systems

213

(1)

Adrianne Mohr

The Relevance of Stress Reduction

213

(1)

What Makes Someone a Healer?

214

(1)

Developing the Integrative Team

214

(3)

Lon Hatfield

Teamwork

214

(1)

Developing a Knowledge Base in Integrative Medicine

215

(2)

PART V---REGULATIONS

217

(26)

State Law Regulation of the Practice of Medicine: Implications for the Practice of Complementary and Alternative Medicine

218

(8)

Michael H. Cohen

State Medical Practice Acts

218

(2)

Unauthorized Professional Practice

220

(6)

Malpractice in Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Practical Implications for Risk Managers

226

(9)

Michael H. Cohen

Applying Malpractice Law to CAM

226

(1)

Potential Defenses Available to Physicians Integrating CAM Therapies into Clinical Practice

227

(2)

CAM Provider Malpractice

229

(3)

Malpractice Liability in Managed Care Organizations

232

(3)

The Role of Informed Consent in the Delivery of Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies

235

(8)

Michael H. Cohen

The Requirement of Informed Consent

235

(3)

Precedents Governing Disclosure

238

(1)

Conclusion

239

(4)

PART VI---CLINICAL OPERATIONS

243

(32)

Two Perspectives in Complementary Care

244

(5)

Expanding the Continuum of Care in Medical Practice

244

(2)

Wayne B. Jonas

Nancy Faass

Disease Management

244

(1)

Lifestyle Medicine

245

(1)

Expanding the Continuum

245

(1)

Integrative Medicine and the Future of Medical Education

246

(3)

Andrew Weil

Introduction

246

(1)

The Challenge of Integrative Medicine

246

(1)

Educating Physicians of the Future

247

(2)

The Development of Care Management: Systems To Achieve Clinical Integration

249

(8)

Maria Hill

Requirements for Clinical Integration

249

(1)

A Conceptual Framework for Care Management

250

(3)

Case Management

253

(2)

Automation

255

(1)

Conclusion

255

(2)

Clinical Strategies in Integrative Medicine

257

(13)

A Group Model for the Management of Chronic Illness

257

(3)

Christopher Foley

The Role of Patient Education

257

(3)

A Group Model of Patient Services in Women's Health

260

(1)

Tracy W. Gaudet

Benefits to Patients, Physicians, and Health Plans

260

(1)

Evolution of an Integrative Practice

261

(1)

Brian Bouch

Building Bridges between the Disciplines

262

(3)

Tori Hudson

Building Bridges in Medical Practice

263

(2)

Interprofessional Referral Protocols

265

(5)

Robert D. Mootz

Referral Direction

265

(1)

Referral Purpose

266

(1)

Outgoing Referral Protocol

266

(1)

Incoming Referral Protocol

267

(1)

Conclusion

268

(2)

Clinical Perspectives in Risk Management

270

(5)

David C. Kailin

Introduction

270

(1)

Concepts of Risk Management

271

(1)

Incidence and Nature of Material Harm

272

(1)

Contexts of Risk

273

(2)

PART VII---ASSESSMENT AND RESEARCH

275

(44)

Criteria for Assessing Successful Integration

276

(7)

Charles A. Simpson

Nancy Faass

Introduction

276

(1)

Assessing Administrative Integration

276

(2)

Evaluating Practitioner-System Integration

278

(2)

Measuring Clinical Integration

280

(2)

Conclusion

282

(1)

Technology Assessment

283

(10)

Technology Assessment and Potential Applications to Complementary Medicine

283

(8)

Daniel T. Hansen

Robert D. Mootz

A Contemporary Dilemma: Health Care Costs

283

(2)

Methods of Technology Assessment

285

(2)

Conclusion

287

(4)

Resources for Technology Assessment in Health Care

291

(2)

Daniel T. Hansen

Federal Information Resources

291

(1)

Journals

291

(1)

Web Sites

292

(1)

Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine

293

(19)

Methods in Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine

293

(11)

Jeffrey S. Levin

Thomas A. Glass

Lawrence H. Kushi

John R. Schuck

Lea Steele

Wayne B. Jonas

Anticipated Methodologic Challenges

295

(3)

A Methodologic Manifesto

298

(5)

Conclusion

303

(1)

Profile: Research in a Teaching Hospital Integrative Medicine Center

304

(3)

Debra Canfield

Research Conducted with NIH

305

(1)

Clinical Outcomes Research

305

(1)

Protocol Development

305

(1)

Epidemiologic Studies

306

(1)

Academic Research

306

(1)

A Resource to Research Institutions

306

(1)

NCCAM Centers and Their Specialties

307

(2)

The Cochrane Collaboration: Complementary Medicine Field

309

(3)

The Complementary Medicine Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine

Overview

309

(1)

Cochrane Work Groups

309

(1)

The Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field

310

(1)

The Cochrane Library

311

(1)

Practical Perspectives on Research in Complementary Medicine

312

(7)

Wayne B. Jonas

Nancy Faass

Stakeholders in CAM Research

312

(3)

Obtaining Valid and Relevant CAM Data

315

(1)

Research in Complementary Medicine

316

(3)

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

319

(2)

PART VIII---NETWORKS

321

(48)

An Overview of Network Structures and Functions

322

(11)

Network Structures and Functions

322

(7)

Charles A. Simpson

Introduction

322

(1)

Managing Financial Risk

323

(1)

Discount (Affinity) Benefits

323

(1)

Preferred Provider Organizations and Independent Practice Associations

324

(1)

Economic Functions of PPOs

324

(1)

Capitating CAM in HMO Environments

325

(2)

Barriers to Financial Integration

327

(1)

The Provider's Perspective

328

(1)

Conclusion

328

(1)

Checklist: Evaluating Specialty Plans, PPOs, and Other Types of Networks

329

(4)

Marla Jane Orth

Options for Evaluation

329

(1)

Product Considerations

330

(2)

Conclusion

332

(1)

Phasing in CAM through Discount (Affinity) Services

333

(10)

The CAM Discount (Affinity) Model: Consensus Health

333

(7)

Alan M. Kittner

Market Demographics of CAM

334

(1)

Elements of Product Design

335

(3)

Organizational Factors

338

(1)

Conclusion

339

(1)

Perspective: Discount Networks in Hawaii

340

(1)

Cliff K. Cisco

Profile: Member Services in a Discount Model---Telephone and Internet Interface

341

(2)

Tony Knox

Staff Education

341

(1)

Technical Initiatives

341

(1)

Quality Management

342

(1)

Preferred Provider Organizations

343

(15)

An Open Access Preferred Provider Organization Model of CAM Delivery: Complementary Healthcare Plans

343

(7)

Richard D. Brinkley

Charles A. Simpson

The Initial Network

343

(1)

Network Expansion

344

(1)

Benefit Design and Access

345

(1)

Utilization Management

345

(3)

A Direct-Access Model

348

(1)

The Challenges of Integration

348

(1)

Conclusion

349

(1)

Quality Management in a Practitioner-Managed Network: Complementary Healthcare Plans

350

(8)

Pamella J. Marchand

Practitioner Participation in Quality Management

350

(1)

The Quality Management Process

351

(1)

Assessing Patient Safety and Satisfaction

352

(2)

Computerized CAM Quality Assessment

354

(3)

Conclusion

357

(1)

Managed Care Networks

358

(11)

Case Managed Coverage in a Managed Care Environment

358

(5)

Laura Patton

Nancy Faass

Overview

358

(1)

Developing the Network

359

(1)

Coverage for Complementary Medicine

360

(1)

Authorization Using an Expert System

360

(3)

A Quality Management Program in Complementary Medicine

363

(6)

Lynn McDowell

Introduction

363

(1)

Program Components

364

(4)

Conclusion

368

(1)

PART IX---INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE CENTERS

369

(44)

Designing the Integrative Medicine Center

370

(7)

Planning and Development in the Integrative Medicine Center

370

(4)

Linda L. Bedell-Logan

Nancy Faass

Strategic Planning

370

(2)

Maximizing Patient Services

372

(1)

The Future

373

(1)

Case Study: Planning and Reimbursement in an Integrative Medicine Center

374

(3)

Lon Hatfield

Building on an Existing Relationship with the Community

374

(1)

Business Profile

375

(2)

Three Free-Standing Integrative Medicine Centers

377

(8)

Perspective: Community Health Centers of King County

377

(2)

Thomas Trompeter

Nancy Faass

Administrative Structure

377

(1)

Clinical Services

377

(1)

Evaluation and Reimbursement

378

(1)

Additional Aspects of the Program

379

(1)

Perspective: The Center for Comprehensive Care

379

(3)

James Blair

Nancy Faass

Administrative Structure

379

(1)

Clinical Services

380

(1)

Evaluation and Reimbursement

381

(1)

Perspective: Seattle Cancer Clinic

382

(3)

Kim M. Carlson

Nancy Faass

Administrative Structure

382

(2)

Evaluation and Reimbursement

384

(1)

A Multispecialty Group Practice: East-West Health Centers

385

(6)

H. Phil Herre

Nancy Faass

Program Design

385

(1)

The Site

385

(1)

Staffing

386

(1)

Clinical Management

386

(1)

Insurance Billing

387

(1)

Patient Services

387

(1)

Provider Relations

388

(1)

Marketing

389

(1)

Conclusion

390

(1)

An Integrative Medicine Clinic in a Teaching Hospital

391

(7)

Debra Canfield

Profile of the Program

391

(1)

Service Provision

392

(1)

Medical Oversight and Access

393

(1)

Defining the Level of Integration in an Integrative Medicine Center

393

(1)

Clinical Pathways

394

(1)

Risk Management

395

(1)

The Herbal Pharmacy and Risk Management

395

(1)

Chart Notes

396

(1)

Discussion: The Role of Management

397

(1)

The Integrative Multidisciplinary Spine Center: The Texas Back Institute

398

(8)

John J. Triano

Ralph F. Rashbaum

Daniel T. Hansen

Barbara Raley

Integrating Chiropractic into Spine Care

398

(1)

Case Studies

399

(4)

Successful Interdisciplinary Collaboration

403

(1)

Discussion

404

(2)

Hospital-Based Integrative Medicine: The Institute for Health and Healing

406

(7)

William B. Stewart

Nancy Faass

The Process of Development

406

(1)

Clinical Services

407

(1)

Working within the Institution

408

(2)

Community Education

410

(1)

Conclusion

411

(2)

PART X---HOSPITAL-BASED PROGRAMS

413

(46)

Disease Management: The Ornish Program

414

(10)

The Potential of Integrative Medicine in Disease Management

414

(2)

Richard Sheff

Hospitals as Integrative Medicine Centers

414

(1)

Hospital CAM Programs

415

(1)

Disease Management: Avoiding Revascularization with Lifestyle Changes

416

(8)

Dean Ornish

Background

416

(1)

Summary of Findings

416

(1)

Overview of Approaches to Treatment

417

(2)

Lifestyle Interventions

419

(1)

Results

420

(1)

Discussion

421

(3)

Designing a Healing Center: North Hawaii Community Hospital

424

(5)

Patrick E. Linton

Karl J. Toubman

Nancy Faass

Designing a Healing Environment

424

(1)

Leading-Edge Medical Technologies

425

(1)

Integrating Acupuncture into Hospital Services

425

(2)

The Integrative Process

427

(2)

Integrative Medicine at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

429

(6)

Simone B. Zappa

Overview

429

(1)

A Three-Tiered Approach

429

(2)

Program Development

431

(1)

Building a Client Base: Emphasizing a Service Ethic

432

(2)

Conclusion

434

(1)

Architectural Design

435

(10)

An Investigation to Determine Whether the Built Environment Affects Patients' Medical Outcomes

435

(8)

Haya R. Rubin

Amanda J. Owens

Greta Golden

David O. Weber

Overview

435

(2)

Review of the Literature

437

(2)

Critique of Methods

439

(1)

Examples from the Research: Effects of the Auditory Environment in Health Care Settings

440

(1)

Conclusion

441

(2)

Perspective: A Patient Focus Group on Design

443

(2)

The Picker Institute

Service Delivery

445

(14)

Redesigning the Hospital Environment

445

(4)

David H. Freedman

Metamorphosis

445

(2)

Reality

447

(2)

Vantage Point: The Planetree Model

449

(3)

Susan B. Frampton

Basic Concepts of the Model: Expanding Patient-Centered Health Care

450

(2)

Perspective: How You Can Become Involved

452

(7)

Nancy S. Moore

Perspectives for Administrators

452

(2)

Physician Involvement

454

(1)

Nursing and Other Professions

454

(1)

Learnings: Organizational Development

455

(1)

Conclusion

456

(3)

PART XI---WELLNESS PROGRAMS FOR HOSPITAL SYSTEMS AND EMPLOYERS

459

(36)

Health Promotion and Complementary Medicine: Expanding the Continuum of Care

460

(7)

Roger Jahnke

The Business Case for Health Promotion

460

(1)

Expanding the Continuum of Care

461

(1)

The Emerging Design of Health Promotion

462

(2)

The Relevance of Health Enhancement across All Populations

464

(1)

New Medicine Requires a New Paradigm

465

(2)

Maximizing Benefits to the Patient and the Bottom Line: Akron General Health and Wellness Center

467

(6)

Douglas Ribley

Program Development

467

(1)

Economic Profile of the Fitness Component

468

(1)

The Outpatient Center: A Continuum of Services

468

(2)

An Integrated Rehabilitation Unit

470

(2)

Replicating the Project

472

(1)

Relationship-Centered Service: St. Charles Medical Center

473

(9)

Nancy S. Moore

Overview

473

(1)

Supporting the Providers

473

(1)

Developing Team Training

474

(2)

Setting Service Standards

476

(1)

Resources for Patients

477

(3)

The Medical Symptom Reduction Program

480

(1)

Outcomes

480

(2)

Reinventing the Health Improvement Company: Riverside Health System

482

(8)

M. Caroline Martin

Nancy Faass

Redefining the Health System

482

(1)

Developing a Systemwide Strategy

482

(2)

Programs in Risk Reduction

484

(1)

Phasing in Integrative Medicine

485

(2)

Programs in Health Promotion

487

(1)

Regional Collaboration

487

(3)

Cost Savings through Work Site Health Promotion

490

(5)

Ron Z. Goetzel

Bert H. Jacobson

Steven G. Aldana

Kris Vardell

Leslie Yee

Demographics

490

(1)

Risk Reduction and Monitoring

491

(1)

Results

491

(1)

Discussion

492

(3)

INTEGRATIVE DISCIPLINES

495

(2)

PART XII---ACUPUNCTURE

497

(56)

The Discipline of Acupuncture

498

(13)

Utilization Data: Acceptance of Acupuncture in the United States

498

(2)

Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance

Overview of Clinical Acupuncture

500

(2)

Efrem Korngold

Nancy Faass

Access to Traditional Chinese Medicine

500

(1)

Origins

500

(1)

Theory

500

(1)

Diagnosis

501

(1)

Treatment

501

(1)

Resources: Acupuncture

502

(7)

Efrem Korngold

Nancy Faass

Research

502

(1)

Insurance Coverage

503

(1)

National Associations and Organizations

503

(3)

Information Resources

506

(3)

Research Data: Cost-Effectiveness of Acupuncture

509

(2)

Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance and Richard Hammerschlag

Benefits and Cost Savings Associated with Acupuncture

509

(2)

Chinese Medicine in the United States: Utilization and Satisfaction

511

(8)

Claire M. Cassidy

Introduction

511

(1)

Sociodemographics of the Respondents

512

(2)

Use of Chinese and Biomedicine Modalities

514

(2)

An Informed Plurality of Medical Usage

516

(1)

Discussion

516

(3)

The Clinical Research on Acupuncture

519

(24)

Acupuncture Efficacy: A Summary of Controlled Clinical Trials

519

(4)

Stephen Birch

Richard Hammerschlag

Acute and Chronic Pain

520

(1)

Nausea and Vomiting

520

(1)

Stroke

521

(1)

Respiratory Disease

521

(1)

Substance Abuse

521

(1)

Problems in the Design and Reporting of Acupuncture Research

522

(1)

Annotated Bibliography

523

(4)

Stephen Birch

Richard Hammerschlag

Acute and Chronic Pain

523

(2)

Nausea and Vomiting

525

(1)

Stroke

526

(1)

Respiratory Disease

526

(1)

Substance Abuse

527

(1)

Controlled Clinical Trials of Acupuncture: An Annotated Bibliography

527

(16)

Jeffrey A. Weih

Acute Neuromusculoskeletal Pain

528

(1)

Chronic Neuromusculoskeletal Pain

528

(4)

Organic Pain

532

(1)

Procedural Pain

532

(1)

Intraoperative Pain

533

(1)

Postoperative Pain

533

(1)

Nutritional Disorders

534

(1)

Dermatologic Conditions

534

(1)

Otorhinolaryngologic Conditions

534

(1)

Respiratory Conditions

535

(1)

Cardiovascular Conditions

536

(1)

Gastrointestinal Conditions

536

(1)

Urologic Conditions

537

(1)

Rheumatologic Conditions

538

(1)

Reproductive Dysfunctions

538

(1)

Endocrinologic Conditions

538

(1)

Obstetric Conditions

538

(1)

Neurologic Conditions

539

(1)

Psychologic Conditions

540

(1)

Addictions

540

(2)

Multisystem Conditions

542

(1)

Electroacupuncture: Mechanisms and Clinical Application

543

(10)

George A. Ulett

Songping Han

Ji-sheng Han

Introduction

543

(1)

Summary of Research Establishing the Neurochemical Basis of Acupuncture Analgesia

544

(5)

Clinical Applications of Neuroelectroacupuncture

549

(1)

Conclusion

550

(3)

PART XIII---CHIROPRACTIC

553

(50)

The Discipline of Chiropractic

554

(15)

Utilization Data: Chiropractic Utilization and Cost-Effectiveness

554

(5)

Charles A. Simpson

Introduction

554

(1)

Chiropractic Utilization

554

(2)

Chiropractic Cost-Effectiveness

556

(3)

An Overview of the Profession of Chiropractic

559

(7)

David Chapman-Smith

Definition and Legal Scope of Practice

559

(1)

Epidemiology and Treatment

560

(1)

Safety and Effectiveness

561

(1)

Education and Licensure

561

(3)

Joint Manipulation

564

(1)

Insurance Coverage and Reimbursement

564

(2)

Resources

566

(3)

David Chapman-Smith

Professional Associations

566

(1)

Professional Liability Insurance

567

(1)

Research Organizations

567

(1)

Sources of Further Information

567

(2)

Cost Comparison of Chiropractic and Medical Treatment: A Literature Review

569

(13)

Richard A. Branson

Introduction: Prevalence and Cost

569

(1)

Safety and Risks

570

(1)

Cost-Effectiveness

570

(8)

Conclusion

578

(4)

Effectiveness and Safety of Spinal Manipulation for Low-Back Pain, Neck and Head Pain

582

(12)

William C. Meeker

Spinal Manipulation

582

(1)

Spinal Manipulation and Low-Back Pain

582

(4)

Spinal Manipulation and Neck Pain

586

(3)

Spinal Manipulation and Headache

589

(1)

Safety of Spinal Manipulation

589

(1)

Conclusion

590

(4)

Overcoming Barriers to the Integration of Chiropractic

594

(9)

J. Michael Menke

Introduction

594

(1)

Barriers to Chiropractic

595

(1)

Complementary and Alternative Chiropractic

596

(1)

The Importance of Credentialing

597

(1)

Chiropractic Education

598

(1)

Chiropractic and Physical Therapy

599

(1)

Conclusion

600

(3)

PART XIV---MASSAGE

603

(26)

The Developing Discipline of Therapeutic Massage

604

(18)

Utilization Data: Massage Therapy in the United States

604

(3)

American Massage Therapy Association

Patterns of Utilization

605

(1)

Demographics of Use

605

(1)

Use in Clinical Environments

605

(1)

Conditions That May Be Helped by Therapeutic Massage

605

(1)

Work Site Utilization

606

(1)

Availability of Practitioners

606

(1)

Therapeutic Massage: An Overview of the Discipline

607

(5)

Linda Chrisman

Introduction

607

(1)

History

607

(1)

Medical Benefits

607

(2)

Research

609

(1)

Licensing and Training

610

(2)

Resources in the Discipline of Massage Therapy

612

(2)

Linda Chrisman

National Associations

612

(1)

Associations within the Field of Massage and Bodywork

613

(1)

Books

613

(1)

Perspective: The Applications of Massage in Mind-Body Medicine

614

(2)

Len Saputo

The Mind-Body Dynamic

615

(1)

Case Study: The Role of Massage in Trauma Care

616

(2)

Judith McKinnon

Robyn Scherr

The Value of Massage Therapy in Trauma Situations

616

(2)

Definitions: Massage and Bodywork

618

(4)

Vickie S. Ina

Linda Chrisman

Basic Techniques

618

(1)

Acupressure and Pressure-Point Therapies

619

(1)

Deep-Tissue Techniques

619

(1)

Energy Therapies

620

(1)

Massage for Specific Populations

620

(1)

Mind-Body Techniques (Somatic Therapies)

620

(1)

Movement Therapies

621

(1)

Specific Therapeutic Techniques

621

(1)

Research on the Benefits of Therapeutic Massage

622

(7)

Research on the Effectiveness of Massage

622

(4)

Tiffany M. Field

Introduction

622

(1)

Current Studies

622

(3)

Conclusion

625

(1)

Bibliography: Research by the Touch Research Institutes

626

(3)

Tiffany M. Field

Published Research

626

(3)

PART XV---CLINICAL NUTRITION

629

(20)

The Field of Clinical Nutrition

630

(12)

Utilization and Effectiveness Data: Nutritional Supplements and Clinical Nutrition

630

(8)

Nancy Faass

Research on Supplement Use

632

(1)

Data on Cost and Effectiveness of Nutrition

633

(2)

Large Studies on Diet

635

(1)

Conclusion

636

(2)

Resources in Clinical Nutrition

638

(4)

Nancy Faass

Books

638

(1)

A Breadth of Resources in Clinical Nutrition

639

(1)

Video and Audiotapes and Series Publications

640

(1)

Web Sites and Databases

640

(1)

Federal Information Resources and Web Sites

641

(1)

Clinical Nutrition: A Functional Perspective

642

(7)

Jeffrey Bland

The Functional Perspective

642

(1)

Biochemical Individuality in Nutrition

642

(2)

Balance Promotion and Homeodynamics

644

(2)

Nutrient Interactions and Nutrient Ratios

646

(1)

Pattern Recognition

646

(3)

PART XVI---HERBAL THERAPY

649

(38)

Trends in Botanical Therapy

650

(19)

Utilization Data: Botanical/Herbal and Homeopathic Products

650

(3)

Nancy Faass

Trends in the Use of Botanicals

650

(1)

The Market for Homeopathic Remedies

651

(2)

Herbal Medicine: A Modern Perspective

653

(9)

Michael T. Murray

The Rebirth of Herbal Medicine

653

(1)

The Role of Herbs in Medicine

653

(1)

State of the Research

654

(1)

The Advantages of Herbal Medicines

655

(1)

Herbal Medicine and the Pharmaceutical Industry

655

(1)

Herbal Preparation

656

(5)

The Future of Herbal Medicine

661

(1)

Credentialing Herbal Suppliers

662

(3)

Leah Kliger

Evaluating Supplies

663

(2)

Selected References for Researching Herbal Medicines

665

(4)

Allison R. McCutcheon

Monographs and Texts

665

(2)

Databases (up to date as of January 2000)

667

(1)

Internet Sites (up to date as of January 2000)

667

(2)

Interactions of Pharmaceuticals and Botanical Medicines

669

(11)

Francis J. Brinker

Introduction

669

(1)

Complementary Combinations

669

(2)

Botanical Properties That Are Protective against Drug Side Effects

671

(1)

Botanicals That Reduce Drug Availability

671

(2)

Potentially Hazardous Additive Effects

673

(4)

Conclusion

677

(3)

Assessing the Effectiveness of Naturopathic Medicine

680

(7)

Carlo Calabrese

Overview of the Practice

680

(2)

Evaluating Effectiveness

682

(1)

Review of Controlled Clinical Trials

683

(4)

PART XVII---RESOURCES FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE

687

(18)

Continuing Education in Integrative Medicine

688

(17)

Approaches to Continuing Medical Education

688

(5)

Andrew Weil

Tracy W. Gaudet

Nancy Faass

Introduction

688

(1)

The Program in Integrative Medicine at the University of Arizona

689

(4)

Profile: Three Levels of Integrative Practice

693

(3)

Martin L. Rossman

Continuing Medical Education Resources in Integrative Medicine

696

(2)

Deborah Grandinetti

Botanical and Nutritional Medicine

696

(1)

Complementary Therapies

696

(1)

Integrating CAM into a Medical Practice

697

(1)

Postgraduate Programs in Integrative Medicine

698

(1)

Economic Developments

698

(1)

Internet Resources

698

(7)

William Mac Beckner

Evaluating Web Sites

698

(1)

Newsletters

699

(1)

Special Reports

699

(1)

American Medical Association---Published Special Reports

700

(1)

British Medical Association

700

(1)

Books

700

(1)

Federal and State Resources in CAM

701

(1)

NCCAM Funded Specialized Research Centers

702

(1)

Useful Evidence-Based Medicine Sites for CAM Researchers

702

(1)

Free Online Searchable Databases in CAM Research

702

(1)

Research Organizations, Institutions, and Associations

703

(1)

CAM Journals

704

(1)

THE FUTURE

705

(2)

PART XVIII---FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

707

(20)

Envisioning the Future

708

(13)

Evolving Paradigms

708

(10)

Clement Bezold

Broader Interpretations of Health and Illness

708

(3)

Customization of Health Care

711

(1)

Leveraging Broader Health Gains through Epidemiology

712

(1)

The Evolving Future

712

(5)

Conclusion

717

(1)

Vantage Point: Managing Demand

718

(3)

Christopher Foley

The Total Customer Relationship in Health Care: Broadening the Bandwidth

721

(6)

Donald M. Berwick

The Bandwidth of Total Relationship

721

(3)

Conclusion: A Customer Focus Credo

724

(3)

Index

727

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Integrating Complementary Medicine into Health Systems

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials