Interpersonal Process in Cognitive Therapy

Illustrates the subtle interaction of cognitive and interpersonal factors.

Preface to the Softcover Edition

xi

Acknowledgments

xv

PART I. THEORY

Introduction

Cognitive Therapy in Evolution

3

(1)

Psychotherapy as a Human Encounter

4

(1)

A Process Perspective

5

(3)

The Nature of Reality

8

(1)

Metatheory

9

(1)

Supportive versus Insight-Oriented Therapy

10

(2)

Short-Term versus Long-Term Therapy

12

(1)

Psychotherapy Integration

13

(2)

The Plan of the Book

15

(3)

The Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective on the Therapeutic Relationship

Treatment Efficacy

18

(1)

Therapeutic Resistance

19

(3)

The Therapeutic Relationship

22

(5)

Facilitating the Social Influence Process

23

(1)

Positive Therapeutic Expectancies

24

(1)

The Therapist as Role Model

24

(1)

Collaborative Empiricism

25

(1)

In-session Behavior as a problem Sample

25

(2)

Developing a Systematic Cognitive Approach to the Therapeutic Relationship

27

(3)

Technical and Relationship Factors in Therapy

Technical versus Relationship Factors

30

(1)

Predicting Individual Differences

31

(1)

The Therapeutic Alliance

32

(2)

Therapist Competence

34

(2)

Implications for Cognitive Therapy

36

(4)

The Therapist's Role in the Therapeutic Interaction

40

(2)

A Theoretical Model for Integration

Cognitive versus Interpersonal Processes

42

(2)

Experimental Cognitive Psychology

44

(3)

Problems with the Information-Processing Approach

47

(2)

The Concept of Motivation

49

(1)

Information-Processing Theory versus Drive Metapsychology

50

(3)

An Alternative Approach to Motivation

53

(1)

Action Patterns/Behavioral Systems

54

(1)

Attachment

55

(1)

Emotion and Behavioral Systems

56

(2)

The Coordination of Behavioral Systems

58

(1)

Development of the Self

59

(6)

Memory and Self-Knowledge

65

(2)

Representation of Self/Other Interactions

67

(2)

Hypothesized Memory Processes

69

(1)

Interpersonal Schemas and the Management of Anxiety

70

(2)

The Cognitive-Interpersonal Cycle

72

(7)

PART II. PRACTICE

Assessment

Assessing Core Cognitive Processes

79

(1)

Participant-Observation

80

(1)

Interpersonal Markers

81

(2)

The Inner Discipline of the Therapist

83

(2)

Empathy

85

(3)

The Alliance Rupture as a Focus for Exploration

88

(2)

Understanding the Patient's Interpersonal Schema

90

(3)

Assessing the Cognitive-Interpersonal Cycle

93

(8)

General Considerations Relevant to Cognitive Assessment

101

(1)

Concreteness and Specificity

102

(3)

Awareness and Interpersonal Context

105

(1)

Intervening When Automatic Thoughts Are Blocked

105

(4)

Emotional Immediacy

109

(3)

Memory Retrieval and the Process of Change

112

(2)

Experiential Disconfirmation and Decentering: I. Out-of-Session Focus

Experiential Disconfirmation with an Out-of-Session Focus

114

(3)

Decentering with an Out-of-Session Focus

117

(1)

Awareness versus Challenging

118

(1)

The Role of Historical Reconstruction

119

(3)

Examples of Decentering with an Out-of-Session Focus

122

(17)

Comparison of the Two Change Processes

139

(3)

Experiential Disconfirmation and Decentering: II. In-Session Focus

Experiential Disconfirmation with an In-Session Focus

142

(1)

Unhooking from the Cognitive-Interpersonal Cycle

143

(4)

Decentering with an In-Session Focus

147

(4)

Metacommunication

151

(3)

The Focus on the Present

154

(2)

Making Links to the Past to Facilitate Decentering in the Therapeutic Relationship

156

(1)

The Process of Healing an Alliance Rupture

157

(4)

Clinical Illustrations

161

(27)

Accessing Action-Disposition Information

The Role of Empathy

188

(1)

Exploring Attitudes Prohibiting Emotional Experience

189

(4)

Duplicitous Communication and Responsibility

193

(10)

General Clinical Issues

Maintaining a Therapeutic Focus

203

(2)

Therapist Activity Level

205

(1)

The Role of the Rationale in Therapy

206

(1)

Therapeutic Engagement

207

(2)

Challenging Security Operation Cognitions

209

(2)

Issues Related to Termination

211

(4)

Premature Termination

215

(8)

The Therapist As Role Model (Revisited)

223

(6)

Patient Selection for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy

Jeremy D. Safran

Zindel V. Segal

Brian F. Shaw

T. Michael Vallis

Selection Criteria for Cognitive Therapy

229

(1)

Our Approach

230

(3)

Reliability of the Coding Scheme

233

(1)

Factor Structure and Construct Validity

234

(3)

Predictive Validity

237

(1)

Summary

237

(2)

Conclusion

Summary of Central Principles

239

(2)

Research Directions

241

(5)

Outcome Studies

241

(2)

Process Studies

243

(3)

Summary

246

(2)

Epilogue The Authentic Human Encounter

248

(3)

Appendix I Suitability for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy Interview

251

(6)

Appendix II Suitability for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy Rating Scales

257

(8)

Appendix III Suitability for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy Rating Form

265

(2)

Appendix IV Therapy-Adherence Rating Scales

267

(4)

References

271

(2)

Index

273

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Interpersonal Process in Cognitive Therapy

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials