Introduction to Formal Logic with Philosophical Applications

Rigorous yet engaging and accessible, Introduction to Formal Logic with Philosophical Applications is composed of two parts. The first part (Chapters 1-5) provides a focused, "nuts-and-bolts" introduction to formal deductive logic that covers syntax, semantics, translation, and natural deduction for propositional and predicate logics. The second part (Chapters 6-7) presents stand-alone, student-friendly essays on logic and its application in philosophy and beyond, with writing prompts and suggestions for further readings.

For instructors who prefer an exceptionally clear introduction to formal logic without the extra philosophical applications, Introduction to Formal Logic, an abbreviated, alternate version of Introduction to Formal Logic with Philosophical Applications, is also available.

Russell Marcus is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Hamilton College.

Preface
Chapter 1. Introducing Logic
1.1: Defining "Logic"
1.2: Logic and Languages
1.3: A Short History of Logic
1.4: Separating Premises from Conclusions
1.5: Validity and Soundness
Key Terms
Chapter 2. Propositional Logic: Syntax and Semantic
2.1: Logical Operators and Translation
2.2: Syntax of PL: Wffs and Main Operators
2.3: Semantics of PL: Truth Functions
2.4: Truth Tables
2.5: Classifying Propositions
2.6: Valid and Invalid Arguments
2.7: Indirect Truth Tables
Key Terms
Chapter 3. Inference in Propositional Logic
3.1: Rules of Inference 1
3.2: Rules of Inference 2
3.3: Rules of Equivalence 1
3.4: Rules of Equivalence 2
3.5: Practice with Derivations
3.6: The Biconditional
3.7: Conditional Proof
3.8: Logical Truths
3.9: Indirect Proof
3.10: Chapter Review
Key Terms
Chapter 4. Monadic Predicate Logic
4.1: Introducing Predicate Logic
4.2: Translation Using M
4.3: Syntax for M
4.4: Derivations in M
4.5: Quantifier Exchange
4.6: Conditional and Indirect Proof in M
4.7: Semantics for M
4.8: Invalidity in M
Key Terms
Chapter 5. Full First-Order Logic
5.1: Translation Using Relational Predicates
5.2: Syntax, Semantics, and Invalidity in F
5.3: Derivations in F
5.4: The Identity Predicate: Translation
5.5: The Identity Predicate: Derivations
5.6: Translation with Functions
5.7: Derivations with Functions
Key Terms
Chapter 6. Beyond Basic Logic
6.1: Notes on Translation with PL
6.2: Conditionals
6.3: Three-Valued Logics
6.4: Metalogic
6.5: Modal Logics
6.6: Notes on Translation with M
Key Terms
Chapter 7. Logic and Philosophy
7.1: Deduction and Induction
7.2: Fallacies and Argumentation
7.3: Logic and Philosophy of Mind: Syntax, Semantics, and the Chinese Room
7.4: Logic and the Philosophy of Religion
7.5: Truth and Liars
7.6: Names, Definite Descriptions, and Logical Form
7.7: Logicism
Appendix on the Logical Equivalence of the Rules of Equivalence
Terms
Solutions to Selected Exercises
Glossary/Index