The Invisible Hands of Political Parties in Presidential Elections Party Activists and Political Aggregation from 2004 to 2012

One of the truisms in American politics has been that "divisive" primaries hurt the party's prospects of winning the presidency in the general election. However, traditional definitions of divisive primaries focus too much on candidate behavior and not enough on the actual divisions and fractures within a party. The Invisible Hands of Political Parties in Presidential Elections proposes a new measure of party cohesion that instead looks at individual donors who are willing to contribute to multiple candidates during the early stages of the presidential primaries. The authors of this collection reveal how these preprimary donor networks can serve as an accurate barometer of party unity, providing a significant perspective on the changing roles of political parties in American government today.

Andrew Dowdle is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Arkansas, USA.
Scott Limbocker is a PhD student in the Department of Political Science at Vanderbilt University, USA.
Song Yang is Associate Professor of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Arkansas, USA.
Karen Sebold is a Visiting Professor of Political Science at the University of Arkansas, USA.
Patrick A. Stewart is Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Arkansas, USA.

1. Why Contested Primaries May Not be Divisive Primaries
2. Refining (and Redefining) the Party
3. Multiple Donors and the Party as a Network
4. Multiple Donor Networks Begin to Shed Light on the Nomination Process; The 2004 Democratic Nomination Process
5. A Tale of Two Networks: The 2008 Nomination Process
6. A "Not-Romney" Explanation: The 2012 Republican Nomination Process
7. Multiple Donors and Their Place in the Partisan Universe