An Invitation to Health

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ISBN: 9780534635589 | 053463558X
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/7/2004

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Part I: TAKING CHARGE OF YOUR HEALTH. 1. An Invitation to Health for the 21st Century. 2. Psychological Health. 3. Personal Stress Management. Part II: HEALTHY LIFESTYLES. 4. The Joy of Fitness. 5. Personal Nutrition. 6. Eating Patterns and Problems. Part III: RESPONSIBLE SEXUALITY. 7. Communication and Relationships. 8. Personal Sexuality. 9. Reproductive Choices. Part IV: AVOIDING HEALTH RISKS. 10. Drug Use, Misuse, and Abuse. 11. Alcohol Use, Misuse, and Abuse. 12. Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse. Part V: PROTECTING YOUR HEALTH. 13. Protecting Infectious Diseases. 14. Keeping Your Heart Healthy. 15. Lowering Your Risk of Cancer and Other Major Diseases. 16. Health-Care Consumerism and Complimentary/Alternative Medicine. Part VI: HEALTH IN CONTEXT. 17. A Lifetime of Health. 18. Staying Safe: Preventing Injury, Violence, and Victimization. 19. Working Toward a Healthy Environment. Hales Health Almanac. Health Information on the Internet. Your Health Directory. Emergency! A Consumer's Guide to Medical Tests. Counting Your Calories and Fat.

SECTION I Taking Charge of Your Health

(100)

An Invitation to Health for the Twenty-First Century

(34)

Health and Wellness

(10)

Physical Health

(1)

Psychological Health

(1)

Spiritual Health

(1)

Can Prayer Heal?

(1)

Social Health

(1)

Intellectual Health

(1)

Environmental Health

(1)

The State of Our Health

(1)

Healthy People 2010

(1)

Diversity and Health

(1)

Can Race Affect Health?

(2)

Closing the Minority Health Gap

(1)

Student Health

(1)

Health Problems on Campus

(2)

Health Benefits of Education

(1)

Do Healthy Behaviors Have an Effect on Academic Performance?

(1)

How People Change

(5)

Understanding Health Behavior

(1)

Stages of Change

(2)

The Process of Change

(1)

How Can I Change a Bad Health Habit?

(1)

Assessing Risks

(1)

Making Decisions

(1)

A New Era in Health Education

(2)

The Power of Prevention

(1)

The Potential of Protection

(1)

The Promise of Promotion

(1)

The Bottom Line: Ten Small Changes to Improve Your Health

(2)

Wellness Inventory

(1)

Your Health Change Plan: How to Make a Change

(12)

Making This Chapter Work for You

(1)

Critical Thinking

(1)

Profile Plus

(1)

Sites & Bytes

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

References

(2)

Psychological Health

(38)

What Is Psychological Health?

(2)

Emotional Intelligence

(1)

Spiritual Intelligence

(1)

Could Prayer Be Good Medicine?

(1)

The Science of Positive Psychology

(7)

Knowing Your Needs

(1)

Clarifying Your Values

(3)

Boosting Self-Esteem

(1)

Managing Your Moods

(1)

How Can I Find Happiness?

(1)

Becoming Optimistic

(1)

Looking on The Light Side

(1)

Loving and Being Loved

(1)

Doing Good

(1)

Feeling in Control

(1)

Developing Autonomy

(1)

Asserting Yourself

(1)

Connecting with Others

(1)

Overcoming Loneliness

(1)

Facing Social Anxiety

(1)

Understanding Mental Health

(3)

What Is a Mental Disorder?

(1)

Does Mental Health Affect Physical Health?

(1)

Mental Health on Campus

(1)

Diversity and Mental Health on Campus

(1)

The Brain: The Last Frontier

(2)

Inside the Brain

(1)

Communication Within the Brain

(2)

The Role of Sleep

(1)

The Night Shift

(1)

How Much Sleep Do I Need?

(1)

Getting Enough Sleep

(1)

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)

(1)

Anxiety Disorders

(2)

Phobias

(1)

Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder

(1)

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

(1)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

(1)

Depressive Disorders

(4)

Why Are So Many Young People Depressed?

(1)

Minor Depression

(1)

Major Depression

(1)

Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression)

(2)

Suicide

What Leads to Suicide?

(2)

Suicide Prevention

(1)

Attention Disorders

(1)

Schizophrenia

(1)

Overcoming Problems of the Mind

(3)

Where Can I Turn for Help?

(1)

Types of Therapists

(1)

Options for Treatment

(1)

Alternative Mind-Mood Products

(1)

The Bottom Line: The Keys to Psychological Wellness

(6)

Making This Chapter Work for You

(1)

Critical Thinking

(1)

Profile Plus

(1)

Sites & Bytes

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

References

(3)

Personal Stress Management

(27)

What Is Stress?

(1)

What Causes Stress?

(1)

Is Stress Hazardous to Physical Health?

(3)

Stress and The Heart

(1)

Stress and the Immune System

(1)

Stress and the Digestive System

(1)

Other Stress Symptoms

(1)

Stress on Campus

(6)

Students Under Stress

(1)

Test Stress

(2)

Minorities and Stress

(2)

Other Personal Stressors

(2)

Why Is Everyone So Angry?

(1)

Job Stress

(1)

Illness and Disability

(1)

Societal Stressors

(1)

Discrimination

(1)

Violence and Terrorism

(1)

Stress Survival

(2)

What Can Help Me Relax?

(2)

Is Stress Hazardous to Psychological Health?

(2)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

(1)

Resilience: Bouncing Back from Adversity

(1)

Time Management

(1)

Poor Time Management

(1)

How Can I Better Manage My Time?

(1)

Overcoming Procrastination

(1)

The Bottom Line: De-stress Your Life

(5)

Making This Chapter Work for You

(1)

Critical Thinking

(1)

Profile Plus

(1)

Sites & Bytes

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

References

(2)

SECTION II Healthy Lifestyles

101

(108)

The Joy of Fitness

102

(38)

What Is Physical Fitness?

104

(1)

The Inactivity Epidemic

105

(2)

The Campus Couch Potato Crisis

105

(1)

How Can I Motivate Myself to Get Moving?

105

(2)

Physical Activity and Health

107

(5)

The Toll of Inactivity

108

(1)

The Benefits of Physical Activity

109

(3)

The Principles of Exercise

112

(2)

Overload Principle

112

(1)

The FITT Principle

112

(1)

Reversibility Principle

113

(1)

How Much Exercise is Enough?

113

(1)

Cardiorespiratory or Aerobic Fitness

114

(5)

How Can I Tell If I'm Working Hard Enough?

114

(1)

Designing an Aerobic Workout

115

(2)

Aerobic Options

117

(2)

Muscular Strength and Endurance

119

(5)

Exercise and Muscles

120

(1)

Designing a Muscle Workout

121

(1)

What Should I Know About Performance-Boosting Drugs?

122

(2)

Flexibility

124

(2)

The Benefits of Flexibility

124

(1)

Types of Stretching

124

(2)

What Is the Difference Between Stretching and Warming Up?

126

(1)

Body Composition

126

(3)

Body Mass Index (BMI)

126

(1)

Body Composition Assessment

126

(2)

Can a Person Be Fat and Fit?

128

(1)

Nutrition for an Active Life

129

(1)

How Much Water Should I Drink?

129

(1)

Nutrition and Athletic Performance

129

(1)

Sports Safety

130

(2)

How Can I Prevent Sports Injuries?

130

(1)

Beyond the Gym

131

(1)

Thinking of Temperature

131

(1)

Toxic Workouts

132

(1)

Overtraining

132

(1)

Evaluating Fitness Products and Programs

132

(2)

How Do I Buy the Right Athletic Shoes?

132

(1)

Exercise Equipment

133

(1)

Fitness Centers and Trainers

134

(1)

The Bottom Line: Fitness for Life

134

(6)

Making This Chapter Work for You

135

(1)

Critical Thinking

136

(1)

Profile Plus

136

(1)

Sites & Bytes

136

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

136

(1)

Key Terms

137

(1)

References

137

(3)

Personal Nutrition

140

(40)

What You Need to Know About Nutrients

142

(12)

Water

143

(1)

Protein

143

(2)

Carbohydrates

145

(1)

Fats

146

(2)

Vitamins and Minerals

148

(6)

Phytochemicals

154

(1)

Eating for Good Health

154

(9)

Portions and Servings

157

(1)

The USDA Food Guide Pyramid

158

(1)

Grains Group (6--11 servings a day)

159

(1)

Vegetables Group (3--5 servings a day)

159

(1)

Fruits Group (2--4 servings a day)

160

(1)

Meat and Beans Group (2--3 servings a day)

161

(1)

Milk Group (2--3 servings a day)

161

(1)

Fats, Oils, and Sweets (small amount each day)

162

(1)

Does the Pyramid Need Rebuilding?

162

(1)

Alternative Food Guides

162

(1)

Nutritional Supplements

163

(1)

Should I Take Vitamin Supplements?

163

(1)

Knowing What You Eat

163

(5)

What Should I Look for on Nutrition Labels?

163

(5)

Functional Foods

168

(1)

The Way We Eat

168

(3)

Dietary Diversity

168

(2)

What Should I Know About Vegetarian Diets?

170

(1)

Fast Food: Nutrition on the Run

171

(1)

Food Safety

171

(4)

Pesticides, Irradiation, and Genetic Engineering

171

(1)

Additives: Risk Versus Benefits

172

(1)

What Causes Food Poisoning?

172

(3)

Food Allergies

175

(1)

Nutritional Quackery

175

(1)

The Bottom Line: A Lifetime of Healthy Eating

175

(5)

Making This Chapter Work for You

176

(1)

Critical Thinking

176

(1)

Profile Plus

177

(1)

Sites & Bytes

177

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

177

(1)

Key Terms

178

(1)

References

178

(2)

Eating Patterns and Problems

180

(29)

Body Image

182

(1)

Weight Assessment

182

(2)

How Many Calories Do I Need?

184

(1)

The Anatomy of Appetite

184

(1)

Unhealthy Eating Behavior

184

(4)

Disordered Eating in College Students

186

(1)

Extreme Dieting

187

(1)

Compulsive Overeating

187

(1)

Binge Eating

188

(1)

Eating Disorders

188

(5)

Who Develops Eating Disorders?

188

(1)

Anorexia Nervosa

189

(2)

Bulimia Nervosa

191

(2)

The Silent Epidemic: ``Globesity''

193

(3)

How Did We Get So Fat?

193

(1)

Health Dangers of Being Overweight or Obese

194

(2)

Years of Life Lost (YLL)

196

(1)

Overcoming Weight Problems

196

(2)

A Practical Guide to Weight Loss

198

(4)

Which Diets Are Safe and Effective?

199

(1)

Avoiding Diet Traps

200

(2)

The Psychology of Weight Loss

202

(1)

The 60-Minute Solution

203

(1)

The Bottom Line: Healthy Weight Management for Life

203

(6)

Making This Chapter Work For You

204

(1)

Critical Thinking

205

(1)

Profile Plus

205

(1)

Sites & Bytes

206

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

206

(1)

Key Terms

206

(1)

References

206

(3)

SECTION III Responsible Sexuality

209

(112)

Communication and Relationships

210

(28)

Personal Communication

212

(2)

Communicating Feelings

212

(1)

Nonverbal Communication

212

(2)

Forming Relationships

214

(3)

I, Myself, and Me

214

(1)

Friendship

214

(2)

Can Relationships Be Bad For You?

216

(1)

Dating

216

(1)

Intimate Relationships

217

(4)

What Causes Romantic Attraction?

218

(1)

The Science of Romantic Love

218

(2)

Mature Love

220

(1)

When Love Ends

221

(1)

Living Arrangements

221

(3)

Living with Parents

221

(1)

Single Life

222

(1)

Cohabitation

223

(1)

Committed Relationships

224

(5)

Marriage

224

(1)

Types of Marriage

225

(1)

Issues Couples Confront

225

(3)

Why Do People Still Get Married?

228

(1)

Couples Therapy

228

(1)

What Is the Current Divorce Rate?

228

(1)

Family Ties

229

(3)

Diversity Within Families

229

(1)

Becoming Parents

230

(1)

Working Parents

230

(1)

Single Parents

231

(1)

How Does Divorce Affect Children?

231

(1)

Blended Families

231

(1)

Dysfunctional Relationships

232

(1)

What Is Codependence?

232

(1)

Enabling

232

(1)

The Bottom Line: Building Better Relationships

233

(5)

Making This Chapter Work For You

234

(1)

Critical Thinking

235

(1)

Profile Plus

235

(1)

Sites & Bytes

235

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

235

(1)

Key Terms

236

(1)

References

236

(2)

Personal Sexuality

238

(36)

Becoming Male or Female

240

(2)

Are You an X or a Y?

240

(1)

How Do Hormones Work?

240

(1)

Sexual Stereotypes

241

(1)

Women's Sexual Health

242

(5)

Female Sexual Anatomy

242

(2)

What Is The Menstrual Cycle?

244

(3)

Men's Sexual Health

247

(1)

Male Sexual Anatomy

247

(1)

What Is Circumcision?

248

(1)

Responsible Sexuality

248

(3)

Sexually Healthy Relationships

248

(3)

Sexual Behavior

251

(3)

Adolescent Sexuality

251

(1)

How Sexually Active Are College Students?

252

(1)

Why Don't College Students Practice Safer Sex?

253

(1)

The Sex Life of American Adults

254

(1)

Sexual Diversity

254

(2)

Bisexuality

255

(1)

Homosexuality

255

(1)

Sexual Activity

256

(5)

Celibacy

256

(1)

Fantasy

257

(1)

What Does It Mean to Abstain?

257

(1)

Sex in Cyberspace

258

(1)

Masturbation

258

(1)

Kissing and Touching

259

(1)

Intercourse

259

(1)

Oral-Genital Sex

260

(1)

Anal Stimulation and Intercourse

260

(1)

Cultural Variations

260

(1)

Sexual Response

261

(1)

Excitement

262

(1)

Plateau

262

(1)

Orgasm

262

(1)

Resolution

262

(1)

Sexual Concerns

262

(6)

Safer Sex

263

(1)

What Are the Most Common Sexual Problems?

263

(1)

Sexual Dysfunction

264

(2)

Sex Therapy

266

(1)

Drugs and Sex

266

(1)

Atypical Behavior

266

(2)

The Business of Sex

268

(1)

The Bottom Line: Smarter Sex

268

(6)

Making This Chapter Work for You

268

(1)

Critical Thinking

269

(1)

Profile Plus

270

(1)

Sites & Bytes

270

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

271

(1)

Key Terms

271

(1)

References

272

(2)

Reproductive Choices

274

(47)

Conception

276

(1)

Birth Control Basics

277

(1)

How Do I Choose a Birth Control Method?

278

(3)

Abstinence and Outercourse

281

(1)

Hormonal Contraceptives

282

(6)

Oral Contraceptives

282

(3)

The Patch (Ortho Evra)

285

(1)

The NuvaRing

286

(1)

Contraceptive Injectables

286

(1)

Contraceptive Implants

287

(1)

Intrauterine Contraceptives

288

(1)

Mirena

288

(1)

Copper T

288

(1)

Barrier Contraceptives

289

(7)

Prescription Barriers

289

(1)

Nonprescription Barriers

290

(6)

Periodic Abstinence and Fertility Awareness Methods

296

(3)

Calendar Method

296

(1)

The Standard Days Method

297

(1)

Basal-Body-Temperature Method

297

(1)

Cervical Mucus Method

297

(1)

What Is Emergency Contraception?

298

(1)

Sterilization

299

(2)

Male Sterilization

299

(1)

Female Sterilization

300

(1)

Abortion

301

(4)

Thinking Through the Options

301

(1)

Medical Abortion

302

(1)

Other Abortion Methods

303

(1)

What Is the Psychological Impact of Abortion?

304

(1)

Politics of Abortion

304

(1)

A Cross--Cultural Perspective

305

(1)

Childfree by Choice

305

(1)

Pregnancy

305

(5)

Preconception Care: A Preventive Approach

305

(1)

How a Woman's Body Changes During Pregnancy

306

(1)

How a Baby Grows

306

(1)

Why Is Prenatal Care Important?

306

(2)

Prenatal Testing

308

(1)

Complications of Pregnancy

309

(1)

Childbirth

310

(4)

Preparing for Childbirth

310

(1)

What Is Childbirth Like?

311

(1)

Breast-Feeding Versus Bottle-Feeding

312

(1)

Babies at Risk

313

(1)

Infertility

314

(1)

What Are the Options for Infertile Couples?

314

(1)

Artificial Insemination

314

(1)

Assisted Reproductive Technology

314

(1)

Adoption

315

(1)

The Bottom Line: Reproductive Health

316

(5)

Making This Chapter Work For You

316

(1)

Critical Thinking

317

(1)

Profile Plus

317

(1)

Sites & Bytes

318

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

318

(1)

Key Terms

318

(1)

References

319

(2)

SECTION IV Avoiding Health Risks

321

(100)

Drug Use, Misuse, and Abuse

322

(38)

Understanding Drugs and Their Effects

324

(1)

Routes of Administration

324

(1)

Dosage and Toxicity

324

(1)

Individual Differences

324

(1)

Setting

325

(1)

Types of Action

325

(1)

Medications

325

(4)

What Should I Know About Buying Over-the-Counter Drugs?

325

(1)

Prescription Drugs

326

(3)

Caffeine Use and Misuse

329

(1)

Is It Possible to Overdose on Caffeine?

330

(1)

Substance Use Disorders

330

(5)

Understanding Substance Use Disorders

330

(1)

Dependence

331

(2)

What Causes Drug Dependence and Abuse?

333

(2)

The Toll of Drugs

335

(1)

Drugs in Society

335

(2)

How Common Is Drug Use on Campus?

336

(1)

Drugs and Driving

336

(1)

Drugs on the Job

337

(1)

Common Drugs of Abuse

337

(15)

Cannabis

337

(5)

Club Drugs (Designer Drugs)

342

(2)

Stimulants

344

(3)

Depressants

347

(3)

Hallucinogens

350

(1)

Inhalants

351

(1)

Treating Drug Dependence and Abuse

352

(2)

12-Step Programs

352

(1)

Relapse Prevention

353

(1)

Outlook

354

(1)

Codependence

354

(1)

The Bottom Line: Living Drug-Free

354

(6)

Making This Chapter Work For You

355

(1)

Critical Thinking

356

(1)

Profile Plus

356

(1)

Sites & Bytes

357

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

357

(1)

Key Terms

357

(1)

References

358

(2)

Alcohol Use, Misuse, and Abuse

360

(34)

Alcohol and Its Effects

362

(6)

How Much Alcohol Can I Drink?

362

(1)

Your Body's Response to Alcohol

362

(2)

How Much Alcohol Is Too Much?

364

(1)

Intoxication

364

(1)

The Impact of Alcohol

364

(3)

Interaction with Other Drugs

367

(1)

Drinking in America

368

(2)

Why People Drink

368

(1)

Patterns of Alcohol Use

369

(1)

Teen Drinking

370

(1)

Drinking in College

370

(6)

How Common Is Drinking on College Campuses?

370

(1)

Why College Students Drink

371

(1)

Binge Drinking on Campus

371

(2)

Underage Drinking on Campus

373

(1)

The Toll of College Drinking

373

(1)

Alcohol Problems on Campus

374

(1)

Changing Drinking Patterns on Campus

375

(1)

Drinking and Driving

376

(1)

Alcohol and Race

377

(1)

African-American Community

377

(1)

Hispanic Community

377

(1)

Native American Community

378

(1)

Asian-American Community

378

(1)

Alcohol and Gender

378

(1)

Alcohol Problems

379

(5)

Types of Alcoholism

381

(1)

What Causes Alcohol Dependence and Abuse?

381

(2)

Medical Complications of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence

383

(1)

Alcoholism Treatments

384

(2)

Detoxification

384

(1)

Are There Medications That Treat Alcoholism?

385

(1)

Inpatient or Residential Treatment

385

(1)

Outpatient Treatment

385

(1)

Recovery

386

(1)

Alcoholism's Impact on Relationships

386

(2)

Codependence and Enabling

386

(1)

Growing Up with an Alcoholic Parent

387

(1)

Adult Children of Alcoholics

387

(1)

The Bottom Line: Taking Charge of Your Alcohol Use

388

(6)

Making This Chapter Work for You

388

(1)

Critical Thinking

389

(1)

Profile Plus

390

(1)

Sites & Bytes

390

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

390

(1)

Key Terms

391

(1)

References

391

(3)

Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse

394

(27)

Tobacco's Immediate Effects

396

(1)

How Nicotine Works

396

(1)

Tar and Carbon Monoxide

396

(1)

Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking

396

(3)

Heart Disease and Stroke

397

(1)

Cancer

398

(1)

Respiratory Diseases

398

(1)

Other Smoking-Related Problems

399

(1)

Smoking and Medication

399

(1)

The Impact of Tobacco

399

(3)

Financial Cost of Smoking

400

(1)

Why Do People Start Smoking?

400

(1)

Why People Keep Smoking

401

(1)

Smoking in America

402

(3)

Tobacco Use on Campus

404

(1)

College Tobacco-Control Policies

405

(1)

Smoking and Race

405

(1)

Smoking and Gender

406

(1)

Other Forms of Tobacco

407

(3)

Cigars

408

(1)

Clove Cigarettes

408

(1)

What Are Bidis?

408

(1)

Pipes

409

(1)

Smokeless Tobacco

409

(1)

``Safer'' Cigarettes

410

(1)

Environmental Tobacco Smoke

410

(1)

What Are the Risks of Secondhand Smoke?

410

(1)

Families of Smokers: Living Dangerously

410

(1)

The Politics of Tobacco

411

(1)

``Big Tobacco''

411

(1)

The Fight for Clean Air

411

(1)

Quitting

412

(4)

Quitting on Your Own

413

(1)

Stop-Smoking Groups

413

(1)

Nicotine Replacement Therapy

413

(2)

Bupropion (Zyban)

415

(1)

Other Ways to Quit

416

(1)

The Bottom Line: Living Smoke-Free

416

(5)

Making This Chapter Work For You

416

(1)

Critical Thinking

417

(1)

Profile Plus

418

(1)

Sites & Bytes

418

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

418

(1)

Key Terms

418

(1)

References

419

(2)

SECTION V Protecting Your Health

421

(146)

Preventing Infectious Diseases

422

(46)

Understanding Infection

424

(2)

Agents of Infection

424

(1)

How Do You Catch an Infection?

425

(1)

The Process of Infection

426

(1)

How Your Body Protects Itself

426

(4)

Immune Response

429

(1)

Immunity and Stress

429

(1)

Immune Disorders

429

(1)

Immunization: The Key to Prevention

430

(3)

Immunizations for Children

430

(2)

Immunizations for Adolescents and Young Adults

432

(1)

Immunizations for Adults

433

(1)

Infectious Diseases

433

(11)

Who Is at Highest Risk of Infectious Diseases?

433

(1)

Common Cold

434

(2)

Influenza

436

(1)

Meningitis

437

(1)

Hepatitis

437

(1)

Mononucleosis

438

(1)

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)

438

(1)

Pneumonia

438

(2)

Tuberculosis

440

(1)

Group A and Group B Strep Infection

440

(1)

Toxic Shock Syndrome

441

(1)

Insect and Animal Borne Infections

441

(2)

New Infectious Threats

443

(1)

Reproductive and Urinary Tract Infections

444

(1)

Vaginal Infections

444

(1)

Urinary Tract Infections

445

(1)

Sexually Transmitted Infections

445

(12)

STIs in Adolescents and Young Adults

445

(2)

Prevention and Protection

447

(5)

Chlamydia

452

(1)

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

453

(1)

Gonorrhea

453

(1)

Nongonococcal Urethritis

454

(1)

Syphilis

454

(1)

Herpes

455

(1)

What Is Human Papilloma Virus?

456

(1)

Chancroid

457

(1)

Pubic Lice and Scabies

457

(1)

HIV and AIDS

457

(4)

The Spread of HIV

458

(1)

Reducing the Risk of HIV Transmission

458

(1)

HIV Infection

459

(1)

HIV Testing

460

(1)

Diagnosing AIDS

461

(1)

Treating HIV/AIDS

461

(1)

The Bottom Line: The Best Defense

461

(7)

Making This Chapter Work for You

462

(1)

Critical Thinking

463

(1)

Profile Plus

463

(1)

Sites & Bytes

463

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

464

(1)

Key Terms

464

(1)

References

464

(4)

Keeping You Heart Healthy

468

(34)

How the Heart Works

470

(1)

Preventing Heart Problems

471

(3)

Why Should I Worry About Heart Disease?

472

(1)

Physical Activity

472

(1)

Heart-Healthy Nutrition

473

(1)

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

474

(5)

Risk Factors You Can Control

474

(4)

Risk Factors You Can't Control

478

(1)

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

479

(3)

Preventing Hypertension

481

(1)

What Is a Health Blood Pressure?

481

(1)

Controlling High Blood Pressure

482

(1)

Your Lipoprotein Profile

482

(4)

What Is a Healthy Cholesterol Reading?

483

(1)

Lowering Cholesterol

484

(1)

Novel Risk Factors

485

(1)

Crises of the Heart

486

(6)

Coronary Artery Disease

486

(1)

Angina Pectoris

487

(1)

Coronary Artery Spasms

487

(1)

Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)

487

(3)

Arrhythmias (Heart Rate Abnormalities)

490

(1)

Mitral-Valve Prolapse

491

(1)

Congestive Heart Failure

492

(1)

Rheumatic Fever

492

(1)

Congenital Defects

492

(1)

Heart Savers

492

(2)

Diagnostic Tests

492

(1)

Treatments

493

(1)

Stroke

494

(2)

What Causes a Stroke?

494

(1)

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

495

(1)

Risk Factors for Strokes

495

(1)

Treatments for Strokes

495

(1)

The Bottom Line: Heart-Smart Strategies for Life

496

(6)

Making This Chapter Work For You

496

(1)

Critical Thinking

497

(1)

Profile Plus

498

(1)

Sites & Bytes

498

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

498

(1)

Key Terms

499

(1)

References

499

(3)

Lowering Your Risk of Cancer and Other Major Diseases

502

(32)

Understanding Cancer

504

(1)

How Cancer Begins

504

(1)

How Cancer Spreads

504

(1)

Cancer Staging

504

(1)

Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?

504

(3)

Heredity

506

(1)

Racial and Ethnic Groups

506

(1)

Obesity

506

(1)

Infectious Agents

507

(1)

How Can I Reduce My Cancer Risk?

507

(1)

Cancer-Smart Nutrition

507

(1)

Tobacco Smoke

507

(1)

Environmental Risks

508

(1)

Early Detection

508

(1)

Chemoprevention

508

(1)

Common Types of Cancer

508

(10)

Skin Cancer

508

(4)

Breast Cancer

512

(3)

Cervical Cancer

515

(1)

Ovarian Cancer

515

(1)

Colon and Rectal Cancer

515

(1)

Prostate Cancer

516

(1)

Testicular Cancer

517

(1)

Leukemia

517

(1)

Lung Cancer

517

(1)

Oral Cancer

518

(1)

New Hope Against Cancer

518

(2)

Using the Mind to Help the Body

518

(1)

Cancer Survivorship

519

(1)

Diabetes Mellitus

520

(2)

Understanding Diabetes

520

(1)

Who Is at Risk for Developing Diabetes?

520

(1)

Dangers of Diabetes

521

(1)

Diabetes and Ethnic Minorities

521

(1)

Treatment

521

(1)

Other Major Illnesses

522

(6)

Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders

522

(1)

Respiratory Diseases

522

(1)

Anemias

523

(1)

Liver Disorders

524

(1)

Kidney Diseases

524

(1)

Digestive Diseases

525

(1)

Disorders of the Muscles, Joints, and Bones

526

(2)

Skin Disorders

528

(1)

Special Needs for Different Abilities

528

(1)

The Bottom Line: Protecting Yourself from Cancer and Major Illnesses

528

(6)

Making This Chapter Work for You

529

(1)

Critical Thinking

530

(1)

Profile Plus

530

(1)

Sites & Bytes

531

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

531

(1)

Key Terms

531

(1)

References

532

(2)

Health-Care Consumerism and Complementary/Alternative Medicine

534

(33)

Becoming a Savvy Health-Care Consumer

536

(6)

Health Care and the College Student

536

(1)

Informing Yourself

536

(4)

Evidence-Based Medicine

540

(1)

Self-Care

540

(1)

Oral Health

541

(1)

Getting the Best Health Care

542

(6)

How Good is American Health Care?

542

(1)

The Doctor-Patient Partnership

543

(4)

Elective Treatments

547

(1)

Your Medical Rights

548

(4)

Your Right to Information

548

(2)

Your Right to Privacy and Access to Medical Records

550

(1)

Preventing Medical Errors

550

(1)

Your Right to Good, Safe, Care

550

(2)

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

552

(5)

Why People Use CAM Therapies

552

(1)

Evidence-Based CAM

553

(1)

What Should I Know Before I Try CAM?

553

(1)

Types of CAM

554

(3)

The Health-Care System

557

(3)

Health-Care Practitioners

557

(1)

Health-Care Facilities

558

(2)

Paying for Health Care

560

(2)

Traditional Health Insurance

560

(1)

What Is Managed Care?

560

(1)

Government-Financed Insurance Plans

561

(1)

The Uninsured

561

(1)

The Bottom Line: Taking Charge of Your Health Care

562

(5)

Making This Chapter Work for You

563

(1)

Critical Thinking

564

(1)

Profile Plus

564

(1)

Sites & Bytes

564

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

565

(1)

Key Terms

565

(1)

References

565

(2)

SECTION VI Health in Context

567

A Lifetime of Health

568

(34)

Living in an Aging Society

570

(1)

How Long Can I Expect to Live?

570

(1)

Successful Aging

571

(9)

Exercise: An Antiaging Pill

571

(2)

Changing Nutritional Needs

573

(1)

Does Body Composition Change with Age?

573

(1)

The Aging Brain

574

(1)

Women at Midlife

575

(3)

Men at Midlife

578

(2)

Sexuality and Aging

580

(1)

The Challenges of Age

580

(4)

Alzheimer's Disease

580

(2)

Osteoporosis

582

(1)

Substance Misuse and Abuse

583

(1)

Is It Ever Too Late to Quit Smoking?

583

(1)

Depression

583

(1)

Driving Risks

584

(1)

Death and Dying

584

(3)

Defining Death

584

(1)

The Meaning of Death

585

(1)

Denying Death

585

(1)

Emotional Responses to Dying

586

(1)

Preparing for Medical Crises and the End of Life

587

(4)

The Five Wishes

587

(1)

What Are Advance Directives?

587

(1)

Living Wills

587

(3)

Holographic Wills

590

(1)

Ethical Dilemmas

590

(1)

The Gift of Life

590

(1)

How We Die

591

(2)

A ``Good'' Death

591

(1)

Caregiving

592

(1)

Hospice: Caring When Curing Isn't Possible

592

(1)

What Do We Know About Near-Death Experiences?

592

(1)

Suicide

593

(1)

``Rational'' Suicide

593

(1)

Physician-Assisted Suicide

593

(1)

The Practicalities of Death

594

(1)

Funeral Arrangements

594

(1)

Autopsies

595

(1)

Grief

595

(2)

Grief's Effects on Health

596

(1)

Methods of Mourning

596

(1)

How Can You Help Survivors of a Loss?

596

(1)

The Bottom Line: Living Long and Well

597

(5)

Making This Chapter Work for You

597

(1)

Critical Thinking

598

(1)

Profile Plus

598

(1)

Sites and Bytes

599

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

599

(1)

Key Terms

599

(1)

References

600

(2)

Staying Safe: Preventing Injury, Violence, and Victimization

602

(30)

Unintentional Injury: Why Accidents Happen

604

(1)

Age

604

(1)

Alcohol and Drugs

604

(1)

Stress

604

(1)

Situational Factors

604

(1)

Thrill Seeking

604

(1)

What Should I Do in an Emergency Situation?

604

(1)

Safety on the Road

605

(4)

Safe Drivers and Vehicles

605

(4)

Safe Cycling

609

(1)

Safety at Work

609

(1)

Can My Computer Be a Health Hazard?

609

(1)

Safety at Home

610

(1)

Falls

611

(1)

Fires

611

(1)

Safety at Play

611

(2)

Handling Heat

611

(1)

Coping with Cold

611

(1)

Drowning

612

(1)

Intentional Injury: Living in a Dangerous World

613

(6)

Coping with the Threat of Violence and Terrorism

613

(1)

Violence in the United States

613

(1)

The Roots of Aggression and Violence

613

(2)

Teen Violence

615

(1)

Hate Crimes

615

(1)

Crime on Campus

615

(1)

Family Violence

616

(3)

Sexual Victimization and Violence

619

(2)

What Is Sexual Harassment?

619

(1)

Sexual Harassment on the Job

619

(1)

Sexual Harassment on Campus

619

(1)

Sexual Victimization on Campus

620

(1)

Sexual Violence on Campus

621

(1)

Sexual Coercion and Rape

621

(6)

Types of Rape

622

(1)

Acquaintance or Date Rape

622

(1)

How Can I Prevent Date Rape?

623

(1)

Male Nonconsensual Sex and Rape

623

(2)

Impact of Rape

625

(1)

What to Do in Case of Rape

625

(1)

Halting Sexual Violence

626

(1)

The Bottom Line: Helping the Victims of Violence

627

(5)

Making This Chapter Work for You

627

(1)

Critical Thinking

628

(1)

Profile Plus

628

(1)

Sites and Bytes

629

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

629

(1)

Key Terms

629

(1)

References

629

(3)

Working Toward a Healthy Environment

632

The State of the Environment

634

(2)

Our Planet, Our Health

634

(1)

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity

634

(1)

Pollution

635

(1)

What Is Global Warming?

636

(1)

Clearing the Air

636

(4)

Smog

637

(1)

Acid Rain

638

(2)

Indoor Pollutants

640

(2)

Formaldehyde

640

(1)

Asbestos

640

(1)

Lead

641

(1)

Is Mold Dangerous?

641

(1)

Mercury

642

(1)

Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen Dioxide

642

(1)

Radon

642

(1)

Your Hearing Health

642

(2)

How Loud Is That Noise?

642

(1)

Effects of Noise

643

(1)

The Quality of Our Drinking Water

644

(1)

Is Bottled Water Better?

644

(1)

Fluoride

645

(1)

Chlorine

645

(1)

Lead

645

(1)

Chemical Risks

645

(1)

What Health Risks Are Caused by Pesticides?

645

(1)

Possible Invisible Dangers

646

(2)

Electromagnetic Fields

646

(1)

Microwaves

647

(1)

Are Cell Phones Safe to Use?

647

(1)

Irradiated Foods

647

(1)

Ionizing Radiation

647

(1)

Diagnostic X-Rays

648

(1)

The Bottom Line: Taking Care of Mother Earth

648

Making This Chapter Work for You

649

(1)

Critical Thinking

650

(1)

Profile Plus

650

(1)

Sites and Bytes

650

(1)

Info Trac College Edition

650

(1)

Key Terms

651

(1)

References

651

Contract for Change

(1)

Health Information on the Internet

(3)

Your Health Directory

(11)

Emergency!

(4)

A Consumer's Guide to Medical Tests

(6)

Counting Calories and Fat Grams

Glossary

(1)

Photography Credits

(1)

Index

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An Invitation to Health

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

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An Invitation to Health

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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