IP Multicast with Applications to IPTV and

This book provides a concise guide to the IP Multicast technology and its applications. It is an updated survey of the field with the underlying focus on IP-based Television (IPTV) and Digital Video Broadcast-Handheld (DVB-H) applications.

Daniel Minoli has many years' experience providing telecommunications, networking, and IT architecture guidance and solutions for such organizations as the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), Bell Telephone Laboratories, ITT, Prudential Securities, Bell Communications Research (Bellcore/Telcordia), AT&T, Capital One Financial, SES Americom, New York University, Rutgers University, Stevens Institute of Technology, and Société Générale de Financement de Québec. An author of numerous core references on information technology, telecommunications, and data communications, he has also written columns for Computerworld, Network World, and Network Computing.

Preface	p. xiii
About the Author	p. xv
Introduction to IP Multicast	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Why Multicast Protocols are Wanted/Needed	p. 3
Basic Multicast Protocols and Concepts	p. 5
IPTV and DVB-H Applications	p. 11
Course of Investigation	p. 21
Multicast IETF Request for Comments	p. 21
Multicast Bibliography	p. 23
References	p. 23
Multicast Addressing for Payload	p. 26
IP Multicast Addresses	p. 26
Limited Scope Addresses	p. 29
GLOP Addressing	p. 30
Generic IPv4 Addressing	p. 30
Layer 2 Multicast Addresses	p. 31
Ethernet MAC Address Mapping	p. 31
MPEG-Layer Addresses	p. 33
References	p. 38
Multicast Payload Forwarding	p. 39
Multicasting on a LAN Segment	p. 40
Multicasting between Network Segments	p. 40
Multicast Distribution Trees	p. 41
Multicast Forwarding: Reverse Path Forwarding	p. 47
Multicast Forwarding: Center-Based Tree Algorithm	p. 48
Implementing IP Multicast in a Network	p. 49
References	p. 50
Dynamic Host Registration-Internet Group Management Protocol	p. 51
IGMP Messages	p. 52
IGMPv3 Messages	p. 55
IGMP Operation	p. 61
Protocol Details for IGMPv2	p. 63
Overview	p. 63
Protocol Description	p. 64
Receiver (Host) State Diagram	p. 65
Router State Diagram	p. 69
IGMP Snooping Switches	p. 72
Example of Router Configurations	p. 76
References	p. 77
Multicast Routing-Sparse-Mode Protocols: Protocol Independent Multicast	p. 78
Introduction to PIM	p. 79
PIM SM Details	p. 83
Approach	p. 86
PIM SM Protocol Overview	p. 86
Detailed Protocol Description	p. 94
Packet Formats	p. 114
References	p. 124
Multicast Routing-Sparse-Mode Protocols: Core-Based Trees	p. 125
Motivation	p. 126
Basic Operation	p. 127
CBT Components and Functions	p. 129
CBT Control Message Retransmission Strategy	p. 131
Nonmember Sending	p. 131
Core Router Discovery	p. 131
Protocol Specification Details	p. 132
CBT HELLO Protocol	p. 133
JOIN_REQUEST Processing	p. 134
JOIN_ACK Processing	p. 135
QUIT_NOTIFICATION Processing	p. 135
ECHO_REQUEST Processing	p. 136
ECHO_REPLY Processing	p. 137
FLUSH_TREE Processing	p. 137
Nonmember Sending	p. 138
Timers and Default Values	p. 138
CBT Packet Formats and Message Types	p. 138
Core Router Discovery	p. 142
CBT Version 3	p. 145
The First Step: Joining the Tree	p. 145
Transient State	p. 146
Getting "On Tree"	p. 146
Pruning and Prune State	p. 147
The Forwarding Cache	p. 147
Packet Forwarding	p. 148
The "Keepalive" Protocol	p. 148
Control Message Precedence and Forwarding Criteria	p. 149
Broadcast LANs	p. 149
The "all-cbt-routers" Group	p. 150
Nonmember Sending	p. 150
References	p. 151
Multicast Routing-Dense-Mode Protocols: PIM DM	p. 152
Overview	p. 152
Basic PIM DM Behavior	p. 153
Protocol Specification	p. 155
PIM Protocol State	p. 156
Data Packet Forwarding Rules	p. 158
Hello Messages	p. 159
PIM DM Prune, Join, and Graft Messages	p. 160
State Refresh	p. 170
PIM Assert Messages	p. 175
PIM Packet Formats	p. 182
References	p. 184
Other Dense-Mode Multicast Routing Protocols: DVMRP and MOSPF	p. 185
Distance Vector Multicast Algorithm	p. 185
Overview	p. 185
Basic DVMRP Operation	p. 186
Multicast OSPF	p. 190
References	p. 193
IP Multicasting in IPv6 Environments	p. 194
Opportunities Offered by IPv6	p. 194
Introductory Overview of IPv6	p. 196
IPv6 Benefits	p. 197
Traditional Addressing Classes for IPv4	p. 198
Network Address Translation Issues in IPv4	p. 199
IPv6 Address Space	p. 200
Basic Protocol Constructs	p. 201
IPv6 Autoconfiguration	p. 204
Migration and Coexistence	p. 208
Multicast with IPv6	p. 211
IPv6 Multicast Addresses	p. 211
MAC Layer Addresses	p. 211
Signaling	p. 213
RP Approaches	p. 213
References	p. 213
Multicast Listener Discovery	p. 215
Overview of MLDv1	p. 216
Message Format	p. 216
Protocol Description	p. 218
Node State Transition Diagram	p. 220
Router State Transition Diagram	p. 223
Overview of MLDv2	p. 226
Protocol Overview	p. 227
Building Multicast Listening State on Multicast Address Listeners	p. 228
Exchanging Messages between the Querier and the Listening Nodes	p. 228
Building Multicast Address Listener State on Multicast Routers	p. 230
Source Filtering	p. 232
References	p. 233
IPTV Applications	p. 234
Overview and Motivation	p. 234
Basic Architecture	p. 236
Content Aggregation Subsystem	p. 244
Uniform Transcoding Subsystem	p. 245
Conditional-Access Management Subsystem	p. 251
Encapsulation Subsystem	p. 258
Long-Haul Distribution Subsystem	p. 262
Local Distribution Subsystem	p. 264
Middleware Subsystem	p. 267
Set-Top Boxes	p. 267
Catcher (for VoD Services)	p. 269
Serial Digital Interface Basics	p. 269
MPEG Basics	p. 271
MPEG-2 Transport/Multiplexing Mechanisms	p. 271
IPTV/IP Transmission over TS Logical Channels	p. 279
Compression Technology	p. 281
Encapsulation for Transmission of IP Datagrams over MPEG-2/DVB Networks	p. 298
References	p. 300
DVB-H: High-Quality TV to Cell Phones	p. 303
Background and Motivation	p. 304
Basic DVB-H Technology	p. 311
DVB-H Mobile Devices	p. 315
Open Mobile Video Coalition Efforts	p. 317
References	p. 318
Glossary	p. 319
Index	p. 349
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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IP Multicast with Applications to IPTV and Mobile DVB-H

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials