Issues in Race and Ethnicity

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ISBN: 9781933116839 | 1933116838
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 10/1/2006

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In the tradition of nonpartisanship and current analysis that is the hallmark of Congressional Quarterly, Issues in Race and Ethnicity investigates twelve controversial and important policy issues centering on race and ethnicity. Each article gives substantial background as well as current analysis of the issue in addition to a pro/con box that examines two competing sides of a single question, a detailed chronology, an annotated bibliography and Web resources. Book jacket.

Annotated Contents	p. vi
Preface	p. x
Contributors	p. xiii
Race
Affirmative Action	p. 1
Should colleges use race-based admissions policies to remedy discrimination against minorities?	p. 3
Should colleges use race-based admissions policies to promote diversity in their student populations?	p. 4
Should colleges adopt other policies to try to increase minority enrollment?	p. 6
Background	p. 8
Unequal Opportunity	p. 8
Affirmative Action	p. 9
Negative Reaction	p. 11
Legal Battles	p. 12
Current Situation	p. 15
Split Decisions?	p. 15
Outlook: Reform or Status Quo?	p. 16
Notes	p. 18
Bibliography	p. 19
Race in America	p. 23
Is discrimination still a problem in the United States?	p. 28
Are blacks still economically disadvantaged due to racism?	p. 30
Is the criminal-justice system racially biased?	p. 35
Background	p. 36
Road to Emancipation	p. 36
Rise of "Jim Crow"	p. 38
Civil-Rights Era	p. 39
A Dream Deferred?	p. 41
Persistent Poverty	p. 42
Current Situation	p. 43
Affirmative-Action Ruling	p. 43
Bush Administration	p. 49
Action in the States	p. 49
Outlook: Lingering Problems?	p. 50
Notes	p. 50
Bibliography	p. 52
Redistricting Disputes	p. 55
Should states redraw congressional district lines in the middle of a decade?	p. 61
Should courts limit partisan gerrymandering?	p. 62
Should states use nonpartisan or bipartisan bodies to oversee redistricting?	p. 63
Background	p. 65
Political Conflicts	p. 65
Court Battles	p. 68
Building Blocs	p. 69
Escalating Warfare	p. 70
Current Situation	p. 73
Designing Districts	p. 73
Taking Seconds	p. 74
Outlook: Winners Take All?	p. 75
Notes	p. 76
Bibliography	p. 77
School Desegregation	p. 79
Is racial imbalance in schools increasing due to court actions?	p. 83
Do minorities suffer educationally because of racial isolation?	p. 85
Would "school choice" policies help reduce the racial gap in educational achievement for African-Americans and Latinos?	p. 87
Background	p. 92
Long, Hard Road	p. 92
Bumps in the Road	p. 93
Reversing Directions?	p. 96
Current Situation	p. 98
Race-Counting	p. 98
Race-Mixing?	p. 99
Outlook: Mixed Records	p. 99
Notes	p. 100
Bibliography	p. 102
Black Colleges	p. 105
Do historically black colleges and universities still serve a useful purpose?	p. 108
Do African-American students benefit from attending a predominantly black college?	p. 110
Should the federal government increase support for historically black colleges?	p. 112
Background	p. 113
Separate and Unequal	p. 113
Opening Doors	p. 115
Debating Quality	p. 117
Current Situation	p. 118
Aiming High	p. 118
Saving Morris Brown	p. 120
Outlook: Changing Times	p. 122
Notes	p. 123
Bibliography	p. 125
Reparations Movement	p. 129
Should the United States pay reparations to African-American descendants of slaves?	p. 133
Have efforts to collect reparations for Holocaust victims gone too far?	p. 135
Does putting a price tag on suffering diminish that suffering?	p. 136
Background	p. 137
Ancient Notion	p. 137
Native Americans	p. 139
Restitution to "Comfort Women"	p. 139
Japanese-Americans	p. 140
The Holocaust	p. 141
Current Situation	p. 144
Reparations for Slavery	p. 144
Outlook: Starting a Dialogue	p. 146
Notes	p. 147
Bibliography	p. 148
Environmental Justice	p. 151
Do poor and minority populations suffer disproportionately from exposure to toxic materials?	p. 153
Does President Clinton's 1994 executive order provide sufficient guarantees of environmental justice?	p. 156
Does the focus on environmental justice distract attention from bigger health problems in poor and minority communities?	p. 156
Background	p. 157
Plight of the Poor	p. 157
Birth of a Movement	p. 158
Clinton's Policies	p. 159
Recent Cases	p. 159
Pressure on EPA	p. 161
Aid for "Brownfields"	p. 165
Current Situation	p. 165
Recent Legislation	p. 165
Outlook: Troubling Disparities	p. 166
Notes	p. 167
Bibliography	p. 168
Rebuilding New Orleans	p. 171
Should some neighborhoods not be rebuilt?	p. 176
Should the levee system be upgraded to guard against a Category 5 storm?	p. 177
Should the nation pay for New Orleans to be rebuilt?	p. 179
Background	p. 181
Island City	p. 181
Dynamiting the Levee	p. 183
New Expansion	p. 184
Hurricanes and Floods	p. 184
Waiting for the Big One	p. 185
Current Situation	p. 185
Redevelopment Plans	p. 185
Port Bounces Back	p. 186
Politics and Legislation	p. 188
Outlook: Pessimism and Paralysis	p. 188
Notes	p. 189
Bibliography	p. 193
Ethnicity and Immigration
Illegal Immigration	p. 195
Does illegal immigration hurt American workers?	p. 201
Are tougher immigration controls needed to protect national security?	p. 203
Should illegal immigrants in the United States be allowed to acquire legal status?	p. 205
Background	p. 208
Earlier Waves	p. 208
Mass Deportation	p. 209
Immigration Reform	p. 209
Political Asylum	p. 210
Changes in 1996	p. 212
Terrorism and Immigrants	p. 213
Current Situation	p. 213
A Party Divided	p. 213
State Debate	p. 214
Assimilation Debate	p. 215
Asylum	p. 216
Outlook: Focus on Mexico	p. 217
Notes	p. 218
Bibliography	p. 220
Latinos' Future	p. 223
Will Latinos' political clout equal their demographic strength in the near future?	p. 225
Is the Latino population in the United States growing too fast?	p. 229
Should greater efforts be made to pass on American values and culture to Latino newcomers?	p. 231
Background	p. 233
Demographic Earthquake	p. 233
The Same, Yet Different	p. 236
Current Situation	p. 237
Latino Attitudes	p. 237
The American Dream	p. 238
Hard Lives for Illegals	p. 240
Outlook: Post-Ethnic America?	p. 241
Notes	p. 242
Bibliography	p. 243
Gang Crisis	p. 245
Is government doing enough to combat the problem?	p. 247
Should gun laws be tightened to combat gang violence?	p. 250
Should more minors be tried as adults for gang crimes?	p. 252
Background	p. 255
Early Gangs	p. 255
Seeking Respectability	p. 257
War Refugees	p. 259
Current Situation	p. 260
Invisible Crisis	p. 260
National Gang Policy?	p. 260
Outlook: More Violence?	p. 262
Notes	p. 263
Bibliography	p. 265
American Indians	p. 267
Is the federal government neglecting Native Americans?	p. 270
Have casinos benefited Indians?	p. 272
Would money alone solve American Indians' problems?	p. 273
Background	p. 274
Conquered Homelands	p. 274
Forced Assimilation	p. 275
Termination	p. 275
Activism	p. 277
Self-Determination	p. 278
Current Situation	p. 280
Self-Government	p. 280
Limits on Gambling	p. 281
Trust Settlement	p. 281
Supreme Court Ruling	p. 284
Outlook: Who Is an Indian?	p. 285
Notes	p. 286
Bibliography	p. 288
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Issues in Race and Ethnicity

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