The Java EE 6 Tutorial Basic Concepts

The Java EE 6 Tutorial, Fourth Edition: Basic Conceptsis a task-oriented, example-driven guide to developing enterprise applications for the Java Platform Enterprise Edition 6 (Java EE 6). Written by members of the Java EE 6 platform team, the goal of this book is to provide new and intermediate Java programmers with a deep understanding of the platform. Starting with expert guidance on developing presentation layers with Web tier technologies, including JavaServer Faces and Facelets, it also covers building Web services with JAX-WS, RESTful Web Services with JAX-RS and Jersey, developing business logic with Enterprise Beans, accessing databases via the Java Persistence API, and Java EE Security, as well as Contexts and Dependency Injection. It contains extensive new material throughout, including detailed introductions to the latest APIs, and instructions for using the latest version of NetBeans 6.8 IDE and the GlassFish Server. Key topics covered include Enterprise Beans Java Persistence and the Java Persistence Query Language JavaServer Faces and Facelets Java API for XML-Based Web Services (JAX-WS) Java Servlet Technology Contexts and Dependency Injection for the Java EE Platform (CDI) Securing Web and Enterprise Applications The Java Series..from the Sourcetrade; Since 1996 when Addison-Wesley published the first edition ofThe Javatrade; Programming Languageby Ken Arnold and James Gosling, this series has been the place to go for complete, expert, and definitive information on Java technology. The books in this series provide the detailed information developers need to build effective, robust, and portable applications and are an indispensable resource for anyone using the Java platform.

The authors are all members of the Java EE 6 documentation team at Oracle. Eric Jendrock leads the Java EE Tutorial team and documents Java Servlet technology and Java security. Ian Evans documents Enterprise JavaBeans, Java Persistence API, Bean Validation, Java Transaction API, JAX-RS, and JAX-WS. Devika Gollapudi documents JavaServer Faces technology and Facelets. Kim Haase documents Contexts and Dependency Injection for the Java EE platform, Java security, and Java Message Service (JMS). Chinmayee Srivathsa documents resource connections.

Preface xxi

Part I: Introduction 1

Chapter 1: Overview 3

Java EE 6 Platform Highlights 4

Java EE Application Model 5

Distributed Multitiered Applications 6

Java EE Containers 13

Web Services Support 15

Java EE Application Assembly and Deployment 17

Packaging Applications 17

Development Roles 19

Java EE 6 APIs 22

Java EE 6 APIs in the Java Platform, Standard Edition 6.0 31

GlassFish Server Tools 34

Chapter 2: Using the Tutorial Examples 37

Required Software 37

Starting and Stopping the GlassFish Server 41

Starting the Administration Console 42

Starting and Stopping the Java DB Server 43

Building the Examples 44

Tutorial Example Directory Structure 44

Getting the Latest Updates to the Tutorial 44

Debugging Java EE Applications 45

Part II: The Web Tier 47

Chapter 3: Getting Started with Web Applications 49

Web Applications 50

Web Application Lifecycle 51

Web Modules: The hello1 Example 53

Configuring Web Applications: The hello2 Example 62

Further Information about Web Applications 71

Chapter 4: JavaServer Faces Technology 73

What Is a JavaServer Faces Application? 74

JavaServer Faces Technology Benefits 75

Creating a Simple JavaServer Faces Application 77

Further Information about JavaServer Faces Technology 81

Chapter 5: Introduction to Facelets 83

What Is Facelets? 83

Developing a Simple Facelets Application 85

Templating 91

Composite Components 94

Resources 96

Chapter 6: Expression Language 99

Overview of the EL 99

Immediate and Deferred Evaluation Syntax 100

Value and Method Expressions 102

Defining a Tag Attribute Type 108

Literal Expressions 109

Operators 111

Reserved Words 111

Examples of EL Expressions 112

Chapter 7: Using JavaServer Faces Technology in Web Pages 113

Setting Up a Page 113

Adding Components to a Page Using HTML Tags 114

Using Core Tags 143

Chapter 8: Using Converters, Listeners, and Validators 145

Using the Standard Converters 145

Registering Listeners on Components 151

Using the Standard Validators 152

Referencing a Backing Bean Method 154

Chapter 9: Developing with JavaServer Faces Technology 159

Backing Beans 159

Writing Bean Properties 162

Writing Backing Bean Methods 170

Using Bean Validation 174

Chapter 10: Java Servlet Technology 179

What Is a Servlet? 180

Servlet Lifecycle 180

Sharing Information 182

Creating and Initializing a Servlet 183

Writing Service Methods 184

Filtering Requests and Responses 187

Invoking Other Web Resources 191

Accessing the Web Context 193

Maintaining Client State 193

Finalizing a Servlet 195

The mood Example Application 198

Further Information about Java Servlet Technology 200

Part III: Web Services 201

Chapter 11: Introduction to Web Services 203

What Are Web Services? 203

Types of Web Services 203

Deciding Which Type of Web Service to Use 206

Chapter 12: Building Web Services with JAX-WS 207

Creating a Simple Web Service and Clients with JAX-WS 208

Types Supported by JAX-WS 217

Web Services Interoperability and JAX-WS 217

Further Information about JAX-WS 217

Chapter 13: Building RESTful Web Services with JAX-RS 219

What Are RESTful Web Services? 219

Creating a RESTful Root Resource Class 220

Example Applications for JAX-RS 235

Further Information about JAX-RS 240

Part IV: Enterprise Beans 243

Chapter 14: Enterprise Beans 245

What Is an Enterprise Bean? 245

What Is a Session Bean? 247

What Is a Message-Driven Bean? 249

Accessing Enterprise Beans 251

The Contents of an Enterprise Bean 258

Naming Conventions for Enterprise Beans 260

The Lifecycles of Enterprise Beans 261

Further Information about Enterprise Beans 264

Chapter 15: Getting Started with Enterprise Beans 265

Creating the Enterprise Bean 265

Modifying the Java EE Application 269

Chapter 16: Running the Enterprise Bean Examples 271

The cart Example 271

A Singleton Session Bean Example: counter 278

A Web Service Example: helloservice 286

Using the Timer Service 290

Handling Exceptions 300

Part V: Contexts and Dependency Injection for the Java EE Platform 303

Chapter 17: Introduction to Contexts and Dependency Injection for the Java EE Platform 305

Overview of CDI 306

About Beans 307

About Managed Beans 307

Beans as Injectable Objects 308

Using Qualifiers 309

Injecting Beans 310

Using Scopes 310

Giving Beans EL Names 312

Adding Setter and Getter Methods 312

Using a Managed Bean in a Facelets Page 313

Injecting Objects by Using Producer Methods 314

Configuring a CDI Application 315

Further Information about CDI 315

Chapter 18: Running the Basic Contexts and Dependency Injection Examples 317

The simplegreeting CDI Example 317

The guessnumber CDI Example 322

Part VI: Persistence 331

Chapter 19: Introduction to the Java Persistence API 333

Entities 333

Entity Inheritance 345

Managing Entities 349

Querying Entities 355

Further Information about Persistence 355

Chapter 20: Running the Persistence Examples 357

The order Application 357

The roster Application 369

The address-book Application 376

Chapter 21: The Java Persistence Query Language 381

Query Language Terminology 382

Creating Queries Using the Java Persistence Query Language 382

Simplified Query Language Syntax 384

Example Queries 385

Full Query Language Syntax 390

Chapter 22: Using the Criteria API to Create Queries 415

Overview of the Criteria and Metamodel APIs 415

Using the Metamodel API to Model Entity Classes 417

Using the Criteria API and Metamodel API to Create Basic Typesafe Queries 418

Part VII: Security 427

Chapter 23: Introduction to Security in the Java EE Platform 429

Overview of Java EE Security 430

Security Mechanisms 435

Securing Containers 439

Securing the GlassFish Server 440

Working with Realms, Users, Groups, and Roles 441

Establishing a Secure Connection Using SSL 449

Further Information about Security 454

Chapter 24: Getting Started Securing Web Applications 455

Overview of Web Application Security 455

Securing Web Applications 457

Using Programmatic Security with Web Applications 469

Examples: Securing Web Applications 474

Chapter 25: Getting Started Securing Enterprise Applications 485

Securing Enterprise Beans 486

Examples: Securing Enterprise Beans 496

Securing Application Clients 504

Securing Enterprise Information Systems Applications 506

Part VIII: Java EE Supporting Technologies 511

Chapter 26: Introduction to Java EE Supporting Technologies 513

Transactions 513

Resources 514

Chapter 27: Transactions 517

What Is a Transaction? 517

Container-Managed Transactions 518

Bean-Managed Transactions 524

Transaction Timeouts 525

Updating Multiple Databases 526

Transactions in Web Components 528

Further Information about Transactions 528

Chapter 28: Resource Connections 529

Resources and JNDI Naming 529

DataSource Objects and Connection Pools 530

Resource Injection 531

Resource Adapters and Contracts 534

Metadata Annotations 538

Common Client Interface 540

Further Information about Resources 541

Index 543

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The Java EE 6 Tutorial Basic Concepts

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials