Java Programming From the Beginning

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ISBN: 9780393974379 | 0393974375
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 7/13/2000

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Java Programming emphasizes object-oriented design, problem-solving, and good programming style, without overwhelming students with extraneous information. Assuming no prior programming experience, the book provides coverage of basic concepts in computer science as a springboard for more advanced discussion.

Preface

xvii

Getting Started

(26)

What Do Computers Do?

(3)

Hardware

(1)

Software

(2)

Ways of Interacting with Computers

(5)

Graphical User Interfaces

(3)

Text-Based Interfaces

(2)

What Is Programming?

(3)

A Real-World Algorithm

(1)

Computer Algorithms

(1)

Expressing Algorithms

(1)

Storing Data

(2)

Variables

(1)

Programming Languages

(3)

Writing and Executing a Program

(1)

Why Java?

(2)

The Programming Process

(1)

What You Need to Know

(6)

Writing Java Programs

(58)

A Simple Java Program

(2)

Program: Printing a Message

(1)

Java Programs in General

(1)

Executing a Java Program

(4)

Entering a Java Program

(1)

Compiling a Java Program

(1)

Running a Java Program

(1)

Using Multiple Windows

(1)

Program Layout

(5)

Comments

(2)

Tokens

(1)

Indentation and Brace Placement

(2)

Using Variables

(3)

Declaring Variables

(1)

Initializing Variables

(1)

Changing the Value of a Variable

(1)

Program: Printing a Lottery Number

(1)

Types

(2)

Literals

(1)

Identifiers

(2)

Keywords

(1)

Performing Calculations

(6)

Operators

(3)

Precedence and Associativity

(1)

Assignment Operators

(1)

Program: Converting from Fahrenheit to Celsius

(1)

Constants

(2)

Methods

(4)

Methods in the Math Class

(1)

Using the Result of a Method Call

(2)

Input and Output

(5)

Displaying Output on the Screen

(1)

Escape Sequences

(1)

Printing Multiple Items

(1)

Obtaining Input from the User

(1)

Packages

(1)

Program: Converting from Fahrenheit to Celsius (Revisited)

(1)

Case Study: Computing a Course Average

(7)

Improving the Program

(1)

Debugging

(15)

Types of Errors

(1)

Fixing Compile-Time Errors

(1)

Fixing Run-Time Errors

(1)

Fixing Behavioral Errors

(1)

Using a Debugger

(1)

Debugging Without a Debugger

(1)

Choosing Test Data

(11)

Classes and Objects

(42)

Objects as Models

(1)

Representing Objects Within a Program

(2)

Instance Variables

(1)

Instance Methods

(1)

Classes

(4)

Declaring a Class

(1)

Declaring Instance Variables

(1)

Declaring Instance Methods

(1)

Method Overloading

(1)

Declaring Constructors

(1)

Example: An Account Class

(1)

Creating Objects

(1)

Calling Instance Methods

(3)

How Instance Methods Work

(2)

Writing Programs with Multiple Classes

(2)

How Objects Are Stored

(4)

The null Keyword

100

(1)

Object Assignment

100

(2)

Garbage

102

(1)

Developing a Fraction Class

103

(5)

Getters and Setters

104

(1)

Writing the add Method

105

(2)

Adding a toString Method

107

(1)

Java's String Class

108

(9)

Creating Strings

108

(1)

Common String Methods

109

(3)

Chaining Calls of Instance Methods

112

(1)

Using + to Concatenate Strings

112

(2)

Program: Decoding a Vehicle Identification Number

114

(3)

Case Study: Checking an ISBN Number

117

(10)

Basic Control Structures

127

(54)

Performing Comparisons

128

(4)

Relational Operators

128

(1)

Equality Operators

129

(1)

Testing Floating-Point Numbers for Equality

130

(1)

Testing Objects for Equality

130

(1)

Comparing Strings

131

(1)

Logical Operators

132

(4)

Performing the And Operation

133

(1)

Performing the Or Operation

134

(1)

Performing the Not Operation

134

(1)

Precedence and Associativity of And, Or, and Not

135

(1)

Simplifying boolean Expressions

135

(1)

Simple if Statements

136

(4)

Indentation

137

(1)

The Empty Statement

138

(1)

Blocks

139

(1)

if Statements with else Clauses

140

(8)

Cascaded if Statements

142

(2)

Simplifying Cascaded if Statements

144

(1)

Program: Flipping a Coin

144

(2)

The ``Dangling else'' Problem

146

(2)

The boolean Type

148

(3)

Program: Flipping a Coin (Revisited)

150

(1)

Loops

151

(5)

Types of Loops

151

(1)

The while Statement

151

(2)

Blocks as Loop Bodies

153

(2)

Declaring Variables in Blocks

155

(1)

Example: Improving the Fraction Constructor

155

(1)

Counting Loops

156

(7)

Increment and Decrement Operators

158

(1)

Using the Increment and Decrement Operators in Loops

159

(2)

Program: Counting Coin Flips

161

(2)

Exiting from a Loop: The break Statement

163

(2)

Case Study: Decoding Social Security Numbers

165

(4)

Debugging

169

(12)

Arrays

181

(40)

Creating and Using Arrays

182

(6)

Creating Arrays

182

(2)

Array Subscripting

184

(1)

Processing the Elements in an Array

185

(1)

Program: Computing an Average Score

186

(2)

The for Statement

188

(6)

for Statements Versus while Statements

188

(2)

for Statement Idioms

190

(1)

Omitting Expressions in a for Statement

191

(1)

Declaring Control Variables

192

(1)

Commas in for Statements

193

(1)

Program: Computing an Average Score (Revisited)

193

(1)

Accessing Array Elements Sequentially

194

(3)

Searching for a Particular Element

195

(1)

Counting Occurrences

195

(1)

Finding the Largest and Smallest Elements

195

(2)

Accessing Array Elements Randomly

197

(2)

Program: Finding Repeated Digits in a Number

197

(2)

Using Arrays as Vectors

199

(1)

Scaling a Vector

199

(1)

Adding Vectors

200

(1)

Computing the Inner Product of Two Vectors

200

(1)

Using Arrays as Databases

200

(5)

Parallel Arrays

201

(1)

Arrays of Objects

202

(1)

Creating a Database

202

(1)

Adding a Record to a Database

203

(1)

Removing a Record from a Database

204

(1)

Searching a Database

204

(1)

Modifying a Record in a Database

204

(1)

Arrays as Objects

205

(3)

Resizing an Array

206

(2)

Case Study: A Phone Directory

208

(13)

Graphics

221

(36)

Creating a Drawing

222

(11)

Using Graphics Methods

223

(1)

The DrawableFrame Class

223

(3)

Program: Drawing a Line

226

(1)

Drawing Rectangles

227

(2)

Drawing Ovals

229

(1)

Drawing Arcs

229

(1)

Drawing Polygons

230

(2)

Drawing Polylines

232

(1)

Drawing in Color

233

(2)

Displaying Text

235

(2)

The Font Class

235

(1)

Program: Displaying Text in Different Colors

236

(1)

Combining Text with Graphics

237

(6)

Program: Displaying a Stop Sign

238

(1)

The FontMetrics Class

239

(2)

Program: Obtaining Font Information

241

(2)

Case Study: A Message Window

243

(3)

Debugging

246

(11)

Class Variables and Methods

257

(42)

Class Methods Versus Instance Methods

258

(3)

Class Methods

258

(2)

Example: The Math Class

260

(1)

Example: The System Class

260

(1)

Example: The String Class

260

(1)

Summary

261

(1)

Writing Class Methods

261

(3)

Example: A Termination Method

262

(1)

Local Variables

263

(1)

The return Statement

264

(4)

Example: A Dollar-Formatting Method

265

(1)

Conditional Expressions

266

(2)

Parameters

268

(6)

How Arguments Are Passed

268

(3)

Array Parameters

271

(1)

Program Arguments

272

(1)

Program: Printing Command-Line Arguments

273

(1)

Class Variables

274

(4)

Declaring Class Variables

274

(1)

Uses for Class Variables

275

(1)

Using Class Variables as Global Variables

275

(1)

Class Variables in the System Class

275

(2)

Using Class Variables as Constants

277

(1)

Using Class Variables to Store Data for Class Methods

277

(1)

Summary

278

(1)

Adding Class Variables and Methods to a Class

278

(3)

Example: Modifying the DisplayText Program

279

(2)

Writing Helper Methods

281

(6)

Improving Clarity

282

(1)

Reducing Redundancy

283

(1)

The Revised CourseAverage Program

283

(3)

Reusing Helper Methods

286

(1)

Designing Methods

287

(12)

Cohesion

287

(1)

Stepwise Refinement

287

(1)

Choosing Method Names

288

(1)

Parameters Versus Class Variables

289

(1)

Return Type

290

(9)

More Control Structures

299

(40)

Exceptions

300

(6)

Handling Exceptions

300

(1)

Variables and try Blocks

301

(1)

Accessing Information About an Exception

302

(1)

Terminating the Program After an Exception

302

(1)

Converting Strings to Integers

303

(1)

Multiple catch Blocks

304

(1)

Checked Exceptions Versus Unchecked Exceptions

304

(1)

Using Exceptions Properly

305

(1)

The Switch Statement

306

(8)

Combining Case Labels

307

(1)

The default Case

308

(1)

The General Form of the switch Statement

309

(1)

Layout of the switch Statement

310

(1)

Advantages of the switch Statement

310

(1)

Limitations of the switch Statement

311

(1)

The Role of the break Statement

311

(1)

Program: Determining the Number of Days in a Month

312

(2)

The do Statement

314

(2)

The continue Statement

316

(2)

Nested Loops

318

(4)

Labeled break Statements

319

(1)

Labeled continue Statements

320

(1)

Program: Computing Interest

320

(2)

Case Study: Printing a One-Month Calendar

322

(5)

Debugging

327

(12)

Primitive Types

339

(48)

Types

340

(1)

Literals

340

(1)

Integer Types

341

(5)

Integer Literals

343

(2)

Converting Strings to Integers

345

(1)

Floating-Point Types

346

(7)

Floating-Point Literals

347

(1)

Special Values

348

(1)

The Math Class

349

(4)

The char Type

353

(8)

The ASCII Character Set

353

(2)

The Unicode Character Set

355

(1)

Escape Sequences

356

(1)

Operations on Characters

356

(1)

Characters Versus Strings

357

(1)

The Character Class

358

(3)

Type Conversion

361

(9)

Implicit Conversions

361

(1)

Numeric Promotion

362

(1)

Conversion During Assignment

363

(1)

Argument Conversion

364

(1)

Casting

364

(3)

Program: Encrypting a Message Using the Rot13 Technique

367

(3)

Case Study: Drawing Random Circles

370

(17)

Writing Classes

387

(56)

Designing Classes

388

(3)

Object-Oriented Analysis

389

(1)

Design Issues

389

(1)

Naming Classes

389

(1)

Instantiable or Not?

390

(1)

Mutable or Immutable?

390

(1)

Choosing Instance Variables

391

(4)

How Many Instance Variables?

391

(1)

Public Instance Variables

392

(1)

Information Hiding

393

(1)

The ``Hidden Variable'' Problem

393

(2)

Designing Instance Methods

395

(7)

Categories of Methods

396

(1)

Manager Methods

396

(1)

Implementor Methods

397

(1)

Access Methods

398

(1)

Helper Methods

398

(2)

Using Class Methods as Helpers

400

(1)

Method Overloading

401

(1)

The this Keyword

402

(4)

Using this to Access Hidden Variables

403

(1)

Using this to Call Instance Methods

403

(1)

Using this as an Argument

404

(1)

Using this as a Return Value

405

(1)

Writing Constructors

406

(3)

Using this in Constructors

406

(1)

``No-Arg'' Constructors

407

(1)

Constructors Versus Instance Variable Initialization

407

(2)

Example: The Fraction Class

409

(4)

Adding Class Variables and Methods

413

(3)

Class Variables in Instantiable Classes

413

(2)

Class Methods in Instantiable Classes

415

(1)

Restrictions on Class Methods

416

(1)

Reusing Code

416

(4)

Reusing Class Methods

417

(1)

Reusing Classes

418

(1)

Writing Packages

419

(1)

Case Study: Playing Blackjack

420

(10)

Debugging

430

(13)

Subclasses

443

(42)

Inheritance

444

(5)

Writing a Subclass

445

(1)

Writing Subclass Constructors

446

(2)

Illustrating Inheritance

448

(1)

When Not to Use Inheritance

449

(1)

The protected Access Modifier

449

(3)

Uses of protected

451

(1)

protected Versus private

451

(1)

Overriding

452

(1)

Polymorphism

453

(4)

Casting Object References

455

(1)

Advantages of Polymorphism

456

(1)

The Object Class

457

(4)

Object Methods

458

(1)

The equals Method

459

(1)

The toString Method

460

(1)

Abstract Classes

461

(4)

Example: A Shape Class

462

(3)

Final Classes and Methods

465

(1)

Inheritance in the Abstract Window Toolkit

466

(5)

Components

467

(2)

Relationships Among Component Classes

469

(2)

Case Study: ``Nervous'' Shapes

471

(14)

The Abstract Window Toolkit

485

(56)

Overview

486

(2)

Swing

486

(1)

Creating a Graphical User Interface

487

(1)

Frames

488

(4)

Frame Methods

488

(1)

Creating a Frame

489

(1)

Setting the Location of a Frame

490

(1)

Adding Components to a Frame

490

(2)

Event Listeners

492

(6)

Events

493

(1)

Interfaces

493

(1)

Creating Event Listeners

494

(3)

Adapter Classes

497

(1)

Inner Classes

498

(3)

Attaching Listeners to Multiple Components

501

(5)

Example: A Single Listener

502

(2)

Example: Separate Listeners

504

(2)

Layout

506

(7)

Layout Manager Classes

506

(1)

The FlowLayout Class

507

(1)

The GridLayout Class

508

(1)

The BorderLayout Class

509

(1)

Preferred Sizes

510

(1)

Panels

510

(3)

Creating and Using Components

513

(8)

Checkboxes

513

(1)

Checkbox Groups

514

(1)

Choice Menus

514

(1)

Labels

515

(1)

Lists

516

(1)

Scrollbars

517

(1)

Text Areas

518

(2)

Text Fields

520

(1)

Examples

521

(20)

Using Labels and Text Fields: Temperature Conversion

521

(3)

Using Lists and Text Areas: Showing Definitions

524

(2)

Using Labels and Scrollbars: Picking Colors

526

(15)

Data Structures

541

(58)

Multidimensional Arrays

542

(10)

Creating and Initializing a Multidimensional Array

542

(2)

Subscripting a Multidimensional Array

544

(1)

Processing the Elements in a Multidimensional Array

544

(1)

How Multidimensional Arrays Are Stored

545

(1)

Using Two-Dimensional Arrays as Matrices

546

(1)

Using Two-Dimensional Arrays to Store Images

547

(1)

Ragged Arrays

548

(2)

Using Multidimensional Arrays as Parameters and Results

550

(1)

Program: Finding the Distance Between Two Cities

551

(1)

The Vector Class

552

(10)

Arrays Versus Vectors

559

(1)

Program: Reversing a Series of Lines

560

(2)

Wrapper Classes

562

(2)

Using Wrapper Classes to Create Objects

562

(1)

Using the Wrapper Classes with Vectors

563

(1)

Other Uses of Wrapper Classes

564

(1)

Sorting

564

(6)

Inserting into a Sorted Array

565

(2)

Insertion Sort

567

(1)

Program: Sorting a Series of Lines

568

(2)

Searching

570

(4)

Program: Determining Air Mileage

572

(2)

Sets

574

(5)

Bit Sets

575

(2)

Program: Finding Primes Using the Sieve of Eratosthenes

577

(2)

The StringBuffer Class

579

(4)

Program: Sorting the Characters in a String

582

(1)

Case Study: Finding Anagrams

583

(16)

Files

599

(62)

Files and Streams

600

(8)

How Files Are Stored

601

(1)

Text Files Versus Binary Files

602

(1)

Streams

603

(1)

Stream Layering

604

(1)

Working with Files

605

(1)

Obtaining File Names

606

(1)

Buffering and Flushing

606

(1)

File Pointers

607

(1)

The File Class

608

(5)

File Properties

609

(1)

Program: Determining the Properties of a File

610

(1)

Program: Listing the Files in a Directory

611

(1)

File Operations

612

(1)

Program: Renaming the Files in a Directory

612

(1)

Reading and Writing Bytes

613

(6)

Writing Bytes

613

(2)

Reading Bytes

615

(2)

Program: Copying a File

617

(2)

Advanced Exception-Handling

619

(6)

The Hierarchy of Exception Classes

619

(1)

Using Multiple catch Blocks

620

(2)

finally Blocks

622

(1)

The throws Clause

622

(1)

Program: Copying a File (Revisited)

623

(2)

Reading and Writing Data Types

625

(4)

Writing Data Types

625

(1)

Writing Strings

626

(1)

Reading Data Types

627

(2)

Reading and Writing Characters

629

(7)

Writing to a Text File

629

(1)

Reading from a Text File

630

(2)

Program: Converting Text to HTML

632

(4)

Reading and Writing Objects

636

(6)

The Serializable Interface

637

(1)

Writing Objects

638

(1)

Reading Objects

639

(2)

Reading and Writing Entire Data Structures

641

(1)

Case Study: A Phone Directory (Revisited)

642

(19)

Appendix A Setting Up Java

661

(4)

Appendix B Java Language Summary

665

(16)

Appendix C Java API Summary

681

(62)

Appendix D Applets

743

(16)

Appendix E The jpb Package

759

(6)

Bibliography

765

(2)

Index

767

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Java Programming From the Beginning

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials