Jesus, Justice, and the Reign of God

By building on his view of Jesus first developed inParables as Subversive Speech, William Herzog II argues that Jesus is intensely interested in the social, political, and economic well-being of humanity. He examines the conflict stories, exorcisms/healings, and the passion narrative to develop his thesis and, in the final chapter, he interprets the resurrection in light of this viewpoint.

William R. Herzog II is Vice President for Academic Life, Dean of the Faculty, and Professor of New Testament Interpretation at Colgate Rochester Divinity School/Bexley Hall/Crozer Theological Seminary in Rochester, N.Y.

Introduction

xi

Abbreviations

xiv

Part 1. The Continuing Quest for the Historical Jesus

The ``Third Quest'' in Context

3

(31)

1906: The Quest for the Historical Jesus and the Discovery of the Apocalyptic Jesus

4

(4)

1906--1953: The Abandoned Quest for the Historical Jesus and the Search for the Kerygma of the Early Church

8

(4)

1953--1970: The New Quest for the Historical Jesus and the Discovery of the Existentialist Jesus

12

(6)

1970--Present: The Third Quest for the Historical Jesus, Diverse Methods, and a Fragmented Synthesis

18

(15)

Conclusion

33

(1)

Models and Methods in the Quest for the Historical Jesus

34

(13)

The Jesus of the Gaps

34

(2)

The Search for Criteria and Method

36

(6)

A Part of the Whole Jesus

42

(2)

The Rejection of the Misguided Quest

44

(2)

Conclusion: The Necessity of the Continuing Quest

46

(1)

Prophet of the Justice of the Reign of God: An Approach to the Historical Jesus

47

(25)

Jesus as a Prophet in the Gospels

47

(2)

Prophets in the Sayings of Jesus and the Gospel Traditions

49

(2)

Types of Prophets in the Second Temple Era and Time of Jesus

51

(9)

Israel's Prophetic Tradition in Historical Perspective

60

(3)

Jesus as Prophet of the Justice of the Reign of God

63

(7)

Conclusion

70

(2)

Part 2. Jesus of Nazareth: A Contextual Approach

The Search for a Usable Context: Biblical Criticism and the Historical Jesus

72

(18)

The Problem of Defining Context

72

(1)

Form Criticism and the ``Setting in Life''

73

(7)

Redaction Criticism and the Context of the Evangelist

80

(3)

Literary Criticisms and Narrative Worlds

83

(3)

The Use of the Social Sciences and the Question of Context

86

(3)

Conclusion

89

(1)

The Quest for the Historical Jesus and the Quest for the Historical Galilee: Jesus in the World of Agrarian Societies, Aristocratic Empires, and Colonized Peoples

90

(21)

Advanced Agrarian Societies and Aristocratic Empires

90

(12)

The Two Faces of Colonial Occupation: Local Aristocracies and Client Kingship

102

(9)

Part 3. Jesus the Prophet and the Praxis of the Justice of the Reign of God: Conflicts in Context

``Something Greater than the Temple Is Here'': Subverting the ``Cave of Social Bandits''

111

(33)

A Reading of the Temple Incident

111

(1)

The Role of the Temple in Agrarian Societies and Aristocratic Empires: Legitimizing the Powers That Be

112

(11)

Jesus and the Temple

123

(20)

Conclusion

143

(1)

``What Is Written? How Do You Read?'' The Torah: Debt, Purity, and Social Control

144

(24)

The Quest for the Historical Synagogue

144

(3)

Who Were the Pharisees?

147

(2)

The Great Tradition and the Little Tradition

149

(6)

Jesus and the Torah

155

(13)

Resistance and Conflict: Jesus' Healings and Debates

168

(23)

``The Weightier Matters of the Torah'' (Matt. 23:23)

168

(22)

Conclusion

190

(1)

The Temple, the Land, and the Reign of God

191

(27)

The Land and the Temple: An Indissoluble Bond?

191

(25)

Conclusion

216

(2)

Part 4. O Jerusalem, Jerusalem: The ``Show Trial'' in Jerusalem

The ``Show Trial'' in Jerusalem: ``Why? What Evil Has He Done?''

218

(29)

The Rap Sheet on Jesus

218

(22)

The Show Trial in Jerusalem

240

(5)

Conclusion

245

(2)

A Concluding Unhistorical Postscript

247

(10)

Why Seek the Living among the Dead?

247

(4)

Jesus and Christology

251

(4)

Conclusion

255

(2)

Notes

257

(34)

Bibliography

291

(20)

Index of Scripture and Other Ancient Sources

311

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