Discovering Patterns in Joint Cognitive Systems at Work
A JCS at Work
Joint Cognitive Systems Adapt to Cope With Complexity
Adaptation in Joint Cognitive Systems at work
Being Bumpable
The Story: A Delay
The Intensive Care Unit the Scene, the Cast, and BackDrop
Coping with Complexity: Parceling out beds by the Bedmeister
Artifacts as Tools: The Bed Book
Preparing for Demand > Supply Situations
Son of coping: Building an ICU from Scratch
Piling Pelion on Ossa: Escalating Demands
Observations on the Incident
Discovery as Functional Synthesis
'Being Bumpable' as An Example of Studying a JCS at work
Insight and Functional Synthesis
Shaping the Conditions of Observation
Three Families of Methods
Converging Operations
The Psychologist's Fallacy
Functional Syntheses, Laws, and Design
Properties of Functional Syntheses
On Laws that Govern Joint cognitive Systems at Work
Challenges To Inform Design
Patterns in How Joint Cognitive Systems Work
Archetypical Stories of Joint Cognitive Systems at Work
Demands and Adaptation
Affordances
Coordination
Resilience
Story Archetypes in 'Being Bumpable'
Anomaly Response
Control Centers in Action
Cascading Effects
Interventions
Revision
Fixation
Generating Hypotheses
Recognizing Anomalies
The Puzzle of Expectancies
Control of Attention
Alarms and Directed Attention
Updating Common Ground When a Team Member Returns
Updating a Shared Frame of Reference
Patterns in Anomaly Response
Patterns in Multi-Threaded Work
Managing Multiple Threads in Time
Tempo
Escalation
Coupling
Premature Narrowing
Reframing
Dilemmas
Over-Simplifications
Automation Surprises
The Substitution Myth
Surprises about Automation
Brittleness
Managing Workload in Time
Tailoring
Failure of Machine Explanation
Why is technology so Often Clumsy?
Making Automation a Team Player
A Coordination Breakdown in Response to a Disrupting Event
On People and Computers in Jcss at Work
Envisioning The Impact of New Technology
Responsibility in Joint Cognitive Sytems at Work
Problem-Holders
Goal Conflicts
Adapting to Double Binds
Literal-Minded Agents
Norbert's Contrast
Directions for Designing Joint Cognitive Systems that Include Robotic Platforms
Reverberations of New Robotic Technologies
Laws that Govern Jcss at Work
A Tactic to Reduce the Mis-Engineering of Joint Cognitive Systems
Five Families of First Principles or Laws
Laws That Govern Joint Cognitive Systems at work
Generic Requirements to Design Joint Cognitive Systems that Work
Design Responsibility
Patterns and Stories
Bibliography
Author Index
Subject Index
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