Language and Thought

This book fulfils the need for a clear overview of this area of cognitive psychology which encompasses both languageandthought. Focusing on goal directed thinking and decision making, Nick Lund looks at the relationship between our grasp of language and our problem solving abilities.

Nick Lund is a Senior Lecturer in psychology at the Manchester Metropolitan University

List of figures

xi

Introduction

1

(8)

Language and thought

1

(1)

The nature of language

2

(1)

Methods of studying language

3

(1)

Problem-solving and decision-making

4

(1)

The study of problem-solving and decision-making

5

(2)

Summary

7

(2)

The relationship between language and thought

9

(20)

Introduction

9

(1)

The linguistic relativity hypothesis

10

(12)

Thought determines language

22

(2)

The interdependence of language and thought

24

(2)

Summary

26

(1)

Review exercise

27

(2)

Social and cultural aspects of language

29

(10)

Introduction

29

(1)

Social class

30

(2)

Ethnic background

32

(1)

Gender

33

(3)

Summary

36

(1)

Review exercise

37

(2)

Language acquisition

39

(12)

Introduction

39

(1)

The stages of language acquisition

40

(1)

Pre-linguistic stage

40

(1)

One-word stage

41

(2)

Development of grammar

43

(3)

Meaning and pragmatics

46

(2)

Summary

48

(1)

Review exercise

49

(2)

Theories of language acquisition

51

(14)

Introduction

51

(1)

Environmental theories of language acquisition

52

(5)

Nativist theories of language acquisition

57

(4)

Social interactionist theories of language acquisition

61

(1)

Summary

62

(1)

Review exercise

63

(2)

Problem-solving

65

(20)

Introduction

65

(1)

Types of problems

66

(3)

Gestalt approach

69

(4)

Information-processing approach

73

(3)

Information processing and 'insight'

76

(1)

Use of analogy in problem-solving

77

(4)

Problem-solving in everyday life

81

(1)

Summary

82

(1)

Review exercise

83

(2)

Decision-making

85

(18)

Introduction

85

(1)

The heuristics and biases approach to judgements

86

(6)

Other factors that influence judgements

92

(3)

Evaluation of the heuristics and biases approach

95

(2)

Theories of decision-making

97

(4)

Summary

101

(1)

Review exercise

102

(1)

Study Aids

103

(16)

Improving your essay-writing skills

103

(1)

Practice essay 1

104

(3)

Practice essay 2

107

(3)

Key Research Summaries

110

(1)

Article 1 - Hunt & Agnoli (1991)

110

(2)

Article 2 - Saxton (1997)

112

(2)

Articles 3 and 4 - Kahneman & Tversky (1996)

114

(5)

Gigerenzer (1994)

114

(5)

Glossary

119

(4)

Solutions to problems

123

(6)

Bibliography

129

(10)

Index

139

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials