Local Authority Social Services An

This new text provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to Local Authority Social Services, the main context in which UK social work is practised .

Michael Hill is currently Visiting Professor at Goldsmiths College, University of London. He was previously Professor of Social Policy at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. He is joint editor of the Journal of Social Policy and the author of numerous books including Social Policy: A Comparative Analysis (1995) and Understanding Social Policy (6th edition, 2000).

The other contributors are Bob Hudson, Principle Research Fellow in the Community Care Division at the Nuffield Institute of Health at the University of Leeds.

Stephen Mitchell, Head of the General Social Services Policy Branch in the Department of Health.

Ian Shaw, Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of Nottingham.

Jane Tunstill, Professor of Social Work at Royal Holloway College, University of London.

List of Figures

ix

List of Tables

x

List of Contributors

xii

Preface

xiv

Acknowledgements

xvi

Part 1: Establishing the Main Concerns of the Book

1

(56)

What are Local Authority Social Services?

3

(19)

Michael Hill

Introduction

3

(4)

Social services work

7

(5)

Social services and other areas of social policy

12

(2)

Social services and health

14

(5)

Social services as last resort services

19

(2)

Conclusions

21

(1)

Origins of the Local Authority Social Services

22

(16)

Michael Hill

Introduction

22

(1)

Personal social services before 1948

23

(3)

Developments in the 1940s

26

(1)

1948 to 1971

27

(4)

1971 to 1990

31

(6)

Conclusions

37

(1)

The Contemporary Social Framework

38

(19)

Michael Hill

Introduction

38

(1)

The basic demographic picture

39

(1)

More complex demographic issues

40

(6)

Ethnicity

46

(2)

Economic stresses and strains

48

(4)

Ill health and disability

52

(2)

Conclusions: social pathology and social services

54

(3)

Part 2: The Local Authority Social Services Task

57

(80)

Child Care

59

(26)

Jane Tunstill

Introduction

59

(2)

A brief historical perspective on social services provision for children

61

(1)

The legal and administrative framework

62

(6)

Services and settings

68

(8)

Key services issues

76

(5)

The role of training

81

(1)

Conclusions

82

(3)

Adult Care

85

(20)

Bob Hudson

Introduction

85

(1)

Services for older people

85

(7)

Services for people with a learning disability

92

(6)

Services for physically disabled people

98

(6)

Conclusions

104

(1)

Mental Health

105

(14)

Ian Shaw

Introduction

105

(2)

Mental illness and the new community care

107

(2)

Mental health and social work

109

(2)

Problems with community care

111

(1)

Managing dangerousness

112

(6)

Conclusions

118

(1)

Social Services and Social Security

119

(18)

Michael Hill

Introduction

119

(3)

Cash and care in the years after the end of the Poor Law: an evolving relationship

122

(1)

Cash benefits and welfare rights

123

(3)

The welfare responsibilities and concerns of social security agencies

126

(3)

The impact of the 1986 Social Security Act

129

(3)

Disability, community care and local authority means testing

132

(3)

Conclusions

135

(2)

Part 3: Organization: Present and Future

137

(71)

The Central and Local Government Framework

139

(19)

Michael Hill

Introduction

139

(1)

The role of the Department of Health

140

(2)

The Audit Commission

142

(1)

The local government context

142

(1)

The collective representation of local authorities

143

(1)

Local government finance and the social services function

143

(5)

Policy making in local government

148

(6)

Organizational issues about health service collaboration

154

(3)

Conclusions

157

(1)

Organization within Local Authorities

158

(21)

Michael Hill

Introduction

158

(1)

The organization of social services: the model after Seebohm

158

(4)

Elaborating the model: preoccupations in the 1970s and 1980s

162

(2)

The `big bang' of the 1990s -- community care and the Children Act

164

(3)

Contemporary models of social services organization

167

(8)

Staffing of social services authorities

175

(2)

Conclusions

177

(2)

Modernizing Social Services: The Management Challenge of the 1998 Social Services White Paper

179

(23)

Stephen Mitchell

Introduction

179

(2)

Background: the 1997 inheritance

181

(2)

Why modernize?

183

(3)

Modernizing adult services

186

(4)

Modernizing children's services

190

(3)

Strengthening regulation of services and the work-force

193

(3)

Improving performance

196

(3)

Conclusions: the key challenges

199

(3)

Conclusions: The Future of Local Authority Social Services

202

(6)

Michael Hill

References

208

(12)

Index

220

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Local Authority Social Services An Introduction

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials