Descartes, Leibniz and Pascal facing a crisis in logic
p. 6
Mind-Philosophical Logic as a Theory of Intelligence
p. 13
A terminological introduction
p. 13
A case study and methodological comments
p. 18
Conceptual potential and conceptual engineering
p. 23
Formalized versus Intuitive Arguments: The Historical Background
p. 31
On how geometry and algebra influenced logic
p. 31
The Renaissance reformism and intuitionism in logic
p. 44
Leibniz on the mechanization of arguments
p. 57
Towards the Logic of General Names
p. 68
From syllogistic to the calculus of classes
p. 68
The existential import of general names
p. 75
What names stand for: an exercise in Plato
p. 79
The Truth-Functional Calculus and the Ordinary Use of Connectives
p. 89
The functional approach to logic
p. 89
The truth-functional analysis of denial and conjunction
p. 93
The truth-functional analysis of disjunction
p. 100
The truth-functional analysis of conditionals
p. 104
The Predicate Calculus
p. 112
Subject, predicate, quantifiers
p. 112
Quantification rules, interpretation, formal systems
p. 120
Predicate logic compared with natural logic
p. 126
Reasoning, Logic, and Intelligence
p. 141
Does a logical theory improve natural intelligence?
p. 141
The internal logical code in human bodies
p. 145
The problem of generalization in the internal code
p. 152
What intelligent generalization depends on
p. 160
The role of a theory for intelligent generalization
p. 165
Logic and geography of mind: mental kinds of reasoning
p. 170
Formal ('blind') reasoning and artificial intelligence
p. 175
Defining, Logic, and Intelligence
p. 183
The ostension procedure as a paradigm of definition
p. 183
Normal definitions of predicates and names
p. 188
The holistic doctrine of definition
p. 197
Implicit definitions and conclusive conceptualization
p. 203
Symbolic Logic and Objectual Reasoning. Case Studies
p. 220
On the case study method
p. 220
Cicero's reasoning in the light of symbolic logic
p. 224
Martha's objectual reasoning matched by symbolic logic
p. 231
Aspasia's argument confronted with predicate logic
p. 239
Implicit Definitions and Conceptual Networks. Case Studies
p. 257
A connectivist approach
p. 257
The contrastive background: a definition for computers
p. 261
The case of a definition in the food market
p. 265
The case of nonexistent Geist and similar cases
p. 269
The Postscript as a Book-Network Interface Material versus Formal Arguments
p. 278
References
p. 288
Index of Names
p. 297
Index of Subjects
p. 300
Extended Table of Contents
p. 305
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