Loose-leaf Version for Choices and Connections An Introduction to Communication
, by McCornack, Steven; Ortiz, Joseph
- ISBN: 9781319058784 | 1319058787
- Cover: Loose-leaf
- Copyright: 9/23/2016
Based on decades of teaching experience combined with the latest in research and communication theory, Steve McCornack and Joseph Ortiz’s Choices & Connections, 2e helps students to transform their lives and become more adaptive and versatile communicators. With a focus on the connections that underlie all communication choices—and that the outcomes students experience are deeply connected to the communication choices they make—Choices & Connections, 2e weaves together major communication contexts so that students’ understanding becomes cohesive. Captivating students from page one, the text is highlighted by built-in study tools, innovative video case study activities, and a variety of news, pop culture, and real-life examples—all of which encourage students to apply what they learn to their own their daily communication experiences. When combined with LaunchPad, Choices & Connections, 2e represents a unique print and digital learning suite: the How to Communicate video activities immerse students in challenging, real-life scenarios, and additional videos illustrate communication concepts, and the adaptive quizzing program, LearningCurve, creates a personalized learning experience. LaunchPad for Choices & Connections, 2e combines an interactive e-book, integrated videos, and ready-made assessment options curated into easy-to-assign units inside one convenient learning program. The second edition LaunchPad also includes new in-class activities for students to further engage with the course material, and with each other.
Steven McCornack
Author
Steven is Professor and Basic Course Director in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Alabama Birmingham. His scholarly interests include deceptive discourse production and deception detection. Steven teaches undergraduate and graduate courses on public speaking, interpersonal communication, relational communication, and language/discourse. He has received several awards for undergraduate teaching excellence, including the Amoco Foundation Excellence in Teaching Award, the Lilly Endowment Teaching Fellowship, and the National Communication Association Donald H. Ecroyd Award for Outstanding Teaching in Higher Education. Joseph Ortiz
Author
Joseph has taught for over 30 years, beginning in 1983 at Clovis Community College (NM). He joined the Scottsdale Community College faculty in 1989, where he teaches courses on human communication, interpersonal and small group communication, and digital storytelling. In support of student learning, Joseph is heavily involved in the use of classroom assessment tools, service learning, collaborative learning methods, and the use of online technology. A campus leader, he has served as chair of the Fine Arts Division, faculty senate president, and interim Associate Dean of Instruction. Joseph is the recipient of peer-nominated outstanding teaching awards at Clovis Community College (formerly Eastern New Mexico University at Clovis) and Scottsdale Community College. Additionally, he has been recognized as a Master Teacher by the National Institute of Staff and Organization Development. Joseph holds a BS degree in Speech from Lamar University (T), an MA in Communication from Eastern New Mexico University, and an Ed D in Higher and Adult Education from Arizona State University.
Author
Steven is Professor and Basic Course Director in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Alabama Birmingham. His scholarly interests include deceptive discourse production and deception detection. Steven teaches undergraduate and graduate courses on public speaking, interpersonal communication, relational communication, and language/discourse. He has received several awards for undergraduate teaching excellence, including the Amoco Foundation Excellence in Teaching Award, the Lilly Endowment Teaching Fellowship, and the National Communication Association Donald H. Ecroyd Award for Outstanding Teaching in Higher Education. Joseph Ortiz
Author
Joseph has taught for over 30 years, beginning in 1983 at Clovis Community College (NM). He joined the Scottsdale Community College faculty in 1989, where he teaches courses on human communication, interpersonal and small group communication, and digital storytelling. In support of student learning, Joseph is heavily involved in the use of classroom assessment tools, service learning, collaborative learning methods, and the use of online technology. A campus leader, he has served as chair of the Fine Arts Division, faculty senate president, and interim Associate Dean of Instruction. Joseph is the recipient of peer-nominated outstanding teaching awards at Clovis Community College (formerly Eastern New Mexico University at Clovis) and Scottsdale Community College. Additionally, he has been recognized as a Master Teacher by the National Institute of Staff and Organization Development. Joseph holds a BS degree in Speech from Lamar University (T), an MA in Communication from Eastern New Mexico University, and an Ed D in Higher and Adult Education from Arizona State University.
PART 1: COMMUNICATION FOUNDATIONS
1 Introduction to Communication
What Is Communication?
Defining Communication
Why You Communicate
Communication Models
Studying Communication
A Brief History of Communication
Types of Communication
Communication Competence
Understanding Communication Competence
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Competent Conversations
Putting Competence into Practice
Choices and Connections
Communication Choices
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Time for Payback?
Communication Connections
Chapter Review2 Self and Perception
The Nature of Self
Self-Awareness
Self-Concept
Self-Esteem
Culture, Gender, and Self
Presenting Your Self
Creating Faces and Masks
Losing Face
Maintaining Face
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Distorting Online Self-Presentation
Perceiving Others
The Perception Process
Attributions and Perceptual Errors
Forming Impressions
Gestalts
Algebraic Impressions
Stereotypes
Improving Your Perception
Perception-Checking
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Empathy for a Group Member
Empathy 3 Mediated Communication
What Is Mediated Communication?
Types of Mediated Communication
Functions of Mediated Communication
Characteristics of Mediated Communication
Self-Presentation and Mediated Communication
Creating Your Online Face
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Removing an Embarrassing Post
Managing Your Online Face
Challenges of Mediated Communication
Causes of Mediated Communication Challenges
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Why Didn’t You at Least Text Me?
Types of Mediated Communication Challenges
Using Mediated Communication Competently
CHAPTER REVIEW 4 Understanding Culture
What Is Culture?
Culture Defined
Co-cultures
Ingroups and Outgroups
Prejudice
Cultural Influences on Communication
Individualistic versus Collectivistic Cultures
High and Low Context
Uncertainty Avoidance
Emotion Displays
Power Distance
Views of Time
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Adapting to Cultural Differences
Creating Intercultural Competence
World-Mindedness
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: When a Friend Is Different
Attributional Complexity
Communication Accommodation
CHAPTER REVIEW 5 Verbal Communication
The Nature of Verbal Communication
Language Is Symbolic
Language Is Rule Governed
Language Conveys Meaning
Language and Culture Are Intertwined
Verbal Communication Skills
Create Understandable Messages
Use “I” and “We” Language
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Disagreement with Family
Avoid Gender-Based Presumptions
Be Mindful of Cultural Differences
Verbal Communication Challenges
Prejudiced Language
Verbal Aggression
Deception
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Protecting a Friend from Harm
Defamation
CHAPTER REVIEW 6 Nonverbal Communication
Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Uses Multiple Channels
Nonverbal Communication Conveys More Meaning Than Verbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Blends with Verbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Is Influenced by Gender
Nonverbal Communication Is Influenced by Culture
Types of Nonverbal Communication
Body Movement
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Perceiving Nonverbal Messages
Voice
Touch
Personal Space
Appearance
Beliefs about Time
Environmental Features
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Conveying Meaning
Expressing Emotion
Presenting Self
Managing Interactions
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Wasn’t Being Sarcastic!
Defining Relationships
Strengthening Your Nonverbal Communication Skills
Enhancing Your Nonverbal Expressiveness
Inhibiting Your Nonverbal Behaviors
Checking Your Nonverbal Attributions
CHAPTER REVIEW 7 Active Listening
The Listening Process
Stages of the Listening Process
Motives for Listening
Multitasking and Listening
Listening Styles
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: To Multitask or Not, That Is the Question!
Four Listening Styles
Gender and Listening Styles
Culture and Listening Styles
Barriers to Active Listening
Selective Listening
Pseudo-Listening
Aggressive Listening
Improving Your Active Listening Skills
Manage Your Feedback
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Active Listening
Adapt Your Listening
Recognize the Value of Silence
CHAPTER REVIEW 8 Managing Conflict
Defining Conflict
Conflict Begins with Perception
Conflict Involves Clashes between Goals or Actions
Conflict Is a Process
Selecting an Approach to Conflict
Avoidance
Accommodation
Competition
Collaboration
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Didn’t Lie!
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Collaboration in a Conflict
Conflict Endings
Separation
Domination
Compromise
Integrative Agreements
Structural Improvements
Barriers to Constructive Conflict
Attributional Errors
Destructive Messages
Cultural Differences
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 2: INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
9 Principles of Interpersonal Communication
What Is Interpersonal Communication?
Interpersonal Communication Is Transactional
Interpersonal Communication Is Dynamic
Interpersonal Communication Is Relational
Interpersonal Communication Is Impactful
Why Form Relationships?
Proximity
Resources
Similarity
Reciprocal Liking
Physical Attractiveness
Types of Relationships
Romantic Relationships
Family Relationships
Friendships
Workplace Relationships
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: When a Good Friend Changes
Relationship Stages
Coming Together
Coming Apart
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Ending a Relationship
CHAPTER REVIEW 10 Managing Interpersonal Relationships
Self-Disclosure in Relationships
Self-Disclosure and Relationship Development
Communicating Self-Disclosure
Self-Disclosure Skills
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Don’t Want to Hear This!
Managing Relationship Tensions
Openness versus Protection
Autonomy versus Connection
Novelty versus Predictability
Sustaining Your Relationships
Relational Maintenance
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Relationship Maintenance at Work
Supportive Communication
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 3: SMALL GROUP COMMUNICATION
11 Small Group Communication
Defining Small Groups
Characteristics of Small Groups
Types of Small Groups
Development of Small Groups
How Small Groups Communicate
Balancing Group Roles
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Social Loafing
Building Cohesiveness
Establishing Positive Norms
Sharing Responsibility
Managing Physical Space
The Self’s Influence on Small Group Communication
Communication Traits
Gender
Culture
Virtual Groups and Teams
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: You’re Not Funny
Challenges of Virtual Groups
Improving Communication in Virtual Small Groups
CHAPTER REVIEW 12 Leadership in Group Communication
Perspectives on Leadership
Traits View
Style View
Situational View
Functional View
Leading with Communication
Supporting Gender and Cultural Diversity
Creating a Communication Climate
Preventing Groupthink
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Handling Complaints
Dealing with Conflict
Leading Problem Solving
Structured Problem Solving
Group Brainstorming
Leading Decision Making
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: The Bearer of Bad News
Decision by Authority
Decision by Majority
Decision by Consensus
Leading Meetings
Planning Meetings
Conducting Meetings
Following Up On/Evaluating Meetings
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 4: PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
13 Preparing Your Speech
Preparing Your Speech: Five Steps
Choosing Your Speech Topic
Identifying Your General Purpose
Considering Speech Topics
Deciding on Your Topic
Analyzing Your Audience
Understanding Your Audience
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Speaking Your Mind
Developing Your Audience Analysis
Writing Your Specific Purpose Statement
Planning Your Research Strategy
Identifying Your Information Needs
Drawing on Your Personal Knowledge
Talking with Librarians
Documenting Your Research Findings
Conducting Your Research
Primary and Secondary Resources
Internet Resources
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Oral Citations
Library Resources
Interpersonal Resources
Evaluating Your Resources
CHAPTER REVIEW 14 Composing Your Speech
Developing Your Speech Thesis
Identifying and Supporting Your Main Points
Identifying Your Main Points
Supporting Your Main Points
Organizing Your Speech
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: But the Video Went Viral!
Selecting an Organizational Pattern
Using Connectives
Keeping Listeners Engaged
Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Elevator Speeches
Introducing Your Speech
Concluding Your Speech
Putting It All Together: Speech Outlines
Preparation Outline
Delivery Outline
CHAPTER REVIEW 15 Delivering Your Speech
Speech Delivery Modes
Impromptu Speaking
Manuscript Speaking
Extemporaneous Speaking
Managing Your Speech Delivery
Conveying Immediacy
Projecting a Powerful Speech Style
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: This Is How I Talk
Managing Your Delivery in Online Speeches
Managing Speech Anxiety
Choosing and Using Presentation Aids
Types of Presentation Aids
Tips for Using Presentation Aids
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Delivering a Speech
Evaluating Speeches and Managing Feedback
Giving Effective Feedback
Using Feedback to Improve Your Speech Performance
CHAPTER REVIEW 16 Informative Speeches
What Is Informative Speaking?
Functions of Informative Speeches
Specific Purposes for Informative Speeches
Informative versus Persuasive Speaking
Types of Informative Speeches
Expository Presentations
Process or Demonstration Presentations
Narrative Presentations
Comparison/Contrast Presentations
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Responding to Audience Questions
Guidelines for Informative Speaking
Choose a Topic You Care About
Capture—and Hold—Your Listeners’ Attention
Use Everyday Language
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Some Things Are Better Left Unsaid
Make Your Speech Understandable
Help Your Audience Remember Your Message
Sample Informative Speech: Social Media, Social Identity, and Social Causes
CHAPTER REVIEW 17 Persuasive Speeches
What Is Persuasive Speaking?
Types of Persuasive Speeches
Audience Analysis for Persuasive Speeches
Organizing and Supporting Persuasive Speeches
Organizing Persuasive Speeches
Reasoning for Persuasive Speeches
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Do or Die: Using Scare Tactics to Persuade Others
Avoiding Fallacies
Appealing to Your Audience’s Needs and Emotions
Connecting to Your Audience’s Needs
Providing Testimony and Stories
Using Descriptive Language
Guidelines for Persuasive Speaking
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Emotional Appeals
Establish Goodwill with Your Audience
Keep Your Specific Purpose Realistic
Decide How to Present Your Issue
Maintain High Ethical Standards
Sample Persuasive Speech: Becoming a Socially Conscious Consumer
CHAPTER REVIEW APPENDIX Interviewing
What Is Interviewing?
Types of Interviews
Preparing for an Interview
Essential Communication Skills for Interviewing
Being an Active Listener
Building Rapport and Demonstrating Cooperation
Using Mediated Communication during Interviews
Information Interviewing
Preparing for an Information Interview
Managing an Information Interview
Employment Selection Interviewing
Preparing for an Employment Selection Interview
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Well . . . to Be Totally Honest with You
Managing an Employment Selection Interview
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Managing Stress Questions
APPENDIX REVIEW
Glossary
Pop Quiz Answers
References
Index
1 Introduction to Communication
What Is Communication?
Defining Communication
Why You Communicate
Communication Models
Studying Communication
A Brief History of Communication
Types of Communication
Communication Competence
Understanding Communication Competence
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Competent Conversations
Putting Competence into Practice
Choices and Connections
Communication Choices
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Time for Payback?
Communication Connections
Chapter Review2 Self and Perception
The Nature of Self
Self-Awareness
Self-Concept
Self-Esteem
Culture, Gender, and Self
Presenting Your Self
Creating Faces and Masks
Losing Face
Maintaining Face
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Distorting Online Self-Presentation
Perceiving Others
The Perception Process
Attributions and Perceptual Errors
Forming Impressions
Gestalts
Algebraic Impressions
Stereotypes
Improving Your Perception
Perception-Checking
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Empathy for a Group Member
Empathy 3 Mediated Communication
What Is Mediated Communication?
Types of Mediated Communication
Functions of Mediated Communication
Characteristics of Mediated Communication
Self-Presentation and Mediated Communication
Creating Your Online Face
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Removing an Embarrassing Post
Managing Your Online Face
Challenges of Mediated Communication
Causes of Mediated Communication Challenges
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Why Didn’t You at Least Text Me?
Types of Mediated Communication Challenges
Using Mediated Communication Competently
CHAPTER REVIEW 4 Understanding Culture
What Is Culture?
Culture Defined
Co-cultures
Ingroups and Outgroups
Prejudice
Cultural Influences on Communication
Individualistic versus Collectivistic Cultures
High and Low Context
Uncertainty Avoidance
Emotion Displays
Power Distance
Views of Time
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Adapting to Cultural Differences
Creating Intercultural Competence
World-Mindedness
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: When a Friend Is Different
Attributional Complexity
Communication Accommodation
CHAPTER REVIEW 5 Verbal Communication
The Nature of Verbal Communication
Language Is Symbolic
Language Is Rule Governed
Language Conveys Meaning
Language and Culture Are Intertwined
Verbal Communication Skills
Create Understandable Messages
Use “I” and “We” Language
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Disagreement with Family
Avoid Gender-Based Presumptions
Be Mindful of Cultural Differences
Verbal Communication Challenges
Prejudiced Language
Verbal Aggression
Deception
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Protecting a Friend from Harm
Defamation
CHAPTER REVIEW 6 Nonverbal Communication
Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Uses Multiple Channels
Nonverbal Communication Conveys More Meaning Than Verbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Blends with Verbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication Is Influenced by Gender
Nonverbal Communication Is Influenced by Culture
Types of Nonverbal Communication
Body Movement
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Perceiving Nonverbal Messages
Voice
Touch
Personal Space
Appearance
Beliefs about Time
Environmental Features
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Conveying Meaning
Expressing Emotion
Presenting Self
Managing Interactions
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Wasn’t Being Sarcastic!
Defining Relationships
Strengthening Your Nonverbal Communication Skills
Enhancing Your Nonverbal Expressiveness
Inhibiting Your Nonverbal Behaviors
Checking Your Nonverbal Attributions
CHAPTER REVIEW 7 Active Listening
The Listening Process
Stages of the Listening Process
Motives for Listening
Multitasking and Listening
Listening Styles
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: To Multitask or Not, That Is the Question!
Four Listening Styles
Gender and Listening Styles
Culture and Listening Styles
Barriers to Active Listening
Selective Listening
Pseudo-Listening
Aggressive Listening
Improving Your Active Listening Skills
Manage Your Feedback
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Active Listening
Adapt Your Listening
Recognize the Value of Silence
CHAPTER REVIEW 8 Managing Conflict
Defining Conflict
Conflict Begins with Perception
Conflict Involves Clashes between Goals or Actions
Conflict Is a Process
Selecting an Approach to Conflict
Avoidance
Accommodation
Competition
Collaboration
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Didn’t Lie!
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Collaboration in a Conflict
Conflict Endings
Separation
Domination
Compromise
Integrative Agreements
Structural Improvements
Barriers to Constructive Conflict
Attributional Errors
Destructive Messages
Cultural Differences
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 2: INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
9 Principles of Interpersonal Communication
What Is Interpersonal Communication?
Interpersonal Communication Is Transactional
Interpersonal Communication Is Dynamic
Interpersonal Communication Is Relational
Interpersonal Communication Is Impactful
Why Form Relationships?
Proximity
Resources
Similarity
Reciprocal Liking
Physical Attractiveness
Types of Relationships
Romantic Relationships
Family Relationships
Friendships
Workplace Relationships
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: When a Good Friend Changes
Relationship Stages
Coming Together
Coming Apart
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Ending a Relationship
CHAPTER REVIEW 10 Managing Interpersonal Relationships
Self-Disclosure in Relationships
Self-Disclosure and Relationship Development
Communicating Self-Disclosure
Self-Disclosure Skills
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: I Don’t Want to Hear This!
Managing Relationship Tensions
Openness versus Protection
Autonomy versus Connection
Novelty versus Predictability
Sustaining Your Relationships
Relational Maintenance
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Relationship Maintenance at Work
Supportive Communication
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 3: SMALL GROUP COMMUNICATION
11 Small Group Communication
Defining Small Groups
Characteristics of Small Groups
Types of Small Groups
Development of Small Groups
How Small Groups Communicate
Balancing Group Roles
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Social Loafing
Building Cohesiveness
Establishing Positive Norms
Sharing Responsibility
Managing Physical Space
The Self’s Influence on Small Group Communication
Communication Traits
Gender
Culture
Virtual Groups and Teams
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: You’re Not Funny
Challenges of Virtual Groups
Improving Communication in Virtual Small Groups
CHAPTER REVIEW 12 Leadership in Group Communication
Perspectives on Leadership
Traits View
Style View
Situational View
Functional View
Leading with Communication
Supporting Gender and Cultural Diversity
Creating a Communication Climate
Preventing Groupthink
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Handling Complaints
Dealing with Conflict
Leading Problem Solving
Structured Problem Solving
Group Brainstorming
Leading Decision Making
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: The Bearer of Bad News
Decision by Authority
Decision by Majority
Decision by Consensus
Leading Meetings
Planning Meetings
Conducting Meetings
Following Up On/Evaluating Meetings
CHAPTER REVIEW PART 4: PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
13 Preparing Your Speech
Preparing Your Speech: Five Steps
Choosing Your Speech Topic
Identifying Your General Purpose
Considering Speech Topics
Deciding on Your Topic
Analyzing Your Audience
Understanding Your Audience
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Speaking Your Mind
Developing Your Audience Analysis
Writing Your Specific Purpose Statement
Planning Your Research Strategy
Identifying Your Information Needs
Drawing on Your Personal Knowledge
Talking with Librarians
Documenting Your Research Findings
Conducting Your Research
Primary and Secondary Resources
Internet Resources
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Oral Citations
Library Resources
Interpersonal Resources
Evaluating Your Resources
CHAPTER REVIEW 14 Composing Your Speech
Developing Your Speech Thesis
Identifying and Supporting Your Main Points
Identifying Your Main Points
Supporting Your Main Points
Organizing Your Speech
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: But the Video Went Viral!
Selecting an Organizational Pattern
Using Connectives
Keeping Listeners Engaged
Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Elevator Speeches
Introducing Your Speech
Concluding Your Speech
Putting It All Together: Speech Outlines
Preparation Outline
Delivery Outline
CHAPTER REVIEW 15 Delivering Your Speech
Speech Delivery Modes
Impromptu Speaking
Manuscript Speaking
Extemporaneous Speaking
Managing Your Speech Delivery
Conveying Immediacy
Projecting a Powerful Speech Style
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: This Is How I Talk
Managing Your Delivery in Online Speeches
Managing Speech Anxiety
Choosing and Using Presentation Aids
Types of Presentation Aids
Tips for Using Presentation Aids
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Delivering a Speech
Evaluating Speeches and Managing Feedback
Giving Effective Feedback
Using Feedback to Improve Your Speech Performance
CHAPTER REVIEW 16 Informative Speeches
What Is Informative Speaking?
Functions of Informative Speeches
Specific Purposes for Informative Speeches
Informative versus Persuasive Speaking
Types of Informative Speeches
Expository Presentations
Process or Demonstration Presentations
Narrative Presentations
Comparison/Contrast Presentations
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Responding to Audience Questions
Guidelines for Informative Speaking
Choose a Topic You Care About
Capture—and Hold—Your Listeners’ Attention
Use Everyday Language
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Some Things Are Better Left Unsaid
Make Your Speech Understandable
Help Your Audience Remember Your Message
Sample Informative Speech: Social Media, Social Identity, and Social Causes
CHAPTER REVIEW 17 Persuasive Speeches
What Is Persuasive Speaking?
Types of Persuasive Speeches
Audience Analysis for Persuasive Speeches
Organizing and Supporting Persuasive Speeches
Organizing Persuasive Speeches
Reasoning for Persuasive Speeches
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Do or Die: Using Scare Tactics to Persuade Others
Avoiding Fallacies
Appealing to Your Audience’s Needs and Emotions
Connecting to Your Audience’s Needs
Providing Testimony and Stories
Using Descriptive Language
Guidelines for Persuasive Speaking
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Emotional Appeals
Establish Goodwill with Your Audience
Keep Your Specific Purpose Realistic
Decide How to Present Your Issue
Maintain High Ethical Standards
Sample Persuasive Speech: Becoming a Socially Conscious Consumer
CHAPTER REVIEW APPENDIX Interviewing
What Is Interviewing?
Types of Interviews
Preparing for an Interview
Essential Communication Skills for Interviewing
Being an Active Listener
Building Rapport and Demonstrating Cooperation
Using Mediated Communication during Interviews
Information Interviewing
Preparing for an Information Interview
Managing an Information Interview
Employment Selection Interviewing
Preparing for an Employment Selection Interview
MAKING COMMUNICATION CHOICES: Well . . . to Be Totally Honest with You
Managing an Employment Selection Interview
HOW TO COMMUNICATE: Managing Stress Questions
APPENDIX REVIEW
Glossary
Pop Quiz Answers
References
Index
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