Love and Sex Cross-Cultural Perspectives

In this volume, noted scholars Elaine Hatfield and Richard Rapson focus on the cross-cultural research concerning the passionate beginnings of relationships: how people meet, fall in love, make love, and fall out of love, usually only to risk it all over again.

Preface

vii

The Many Paths to Love

1

(24)

Beyond Narrow Boundaries

1

(2)

Definitions

3

(1)

Passionate Love and Sexual Desire

3

(1)

Companionate Love

3

(1)

Anthropological and Evolutionary Perspectives

4

(2)

Historical Perspectives

6

(4)

Cross-Cultural Perspectives

10

(11)

A View from the West

11

(2)

A View from the East

13

(4)

From Our Perspective

17

(4)

The Future: Conclusions

21

(4)

The Romantic, Sexual, and Marital Ideal

25

(34)

What Men and Women Desire in Romantic Partners, Sexual Partners, and Mates

26

(18)

Cultural Universals in What Is Desired

26

(10)

Cultural Differences in What Is Desired

36

(2)

Gender Differences in What Is Desired

38

(6)

Who Decides? From Arranged Marriages to Marriage for Love

44

(7)

Arranged Marriages

45

(2)

Compromising on Love

47

(2)

Love Marriages

49

(1)

More Love Marriages on the Way?

49

(2)

How Do Arranged and Love Marriages Work Out?

51

(5)

The Debate

51

(4)

The Data

55

(1)

Conclusions: From Front Porch to Back Seat

56

(3)

Falling in Love

59

(30)

What Is This Thing Called Love and How Can We Measure It?

60

(7)

Assessing Passionate Love

61

(1)

Assessing Companionate Love

62

(3)

Other Typologies

65

(2)

Culture and Passionate Love

67

(5)

Passion: Is Something Lost in Translation?

67

(1)

The Susceptibility to Love

68

(3)

The Intensity of Passionate Love

71

(1)

Love Schemas and Passionate Love

72

(16)

Habits of the Heart

72

(4)

Theoretical Background

76

(5)

The Evidence

81

(7)

Conclusions: The Spread of Passion

88

(1)

Sex: Then and There

89

(22)

Evolutionary Perspectives

92

(4)

General Critiques

93

(2)

Sociobiological Critiques

95

(1)

Historical Perspectives

96

(13)

The East: China

97

(8)

The West: America and England

105

(4)

Cross-Cultural Perspectives

109

(1)

Conclusions

110

(1)

Sex: Here and Now

111

(44)

The Meaning of Sex

112

(1)

The Developmental Sequence

113

(1)

Sexual Orientation

114

(3)

Homosexuality

117

(5)

Attitudes toward Homosexuality

118

(2)

Homosexual Activity

120

(2)

Premarital Sex

122

(13)

Attitudes toward Premarital Sex

122

(5)

Premarital Sexual Activity

127

(8)

Marital Sex

135

(8)

Attitudes toward Marital Sex

135

(2)

Marital Sexual Activity

137

(6)

Extramarital Sex

143

(8)

Attitudes toward Extramarital Sex

144

(3)

Extramarital Sexual Activity

147

(4)

Conclusions

151

(4)

Passion---For Better or Worse

155

(46)

The Ecstasy of Passionate Love

156

(10)

Moments of Exultation

157

(1)

A Sense of Union

157

(1)

Feeling Secure and Safe: Commitment

158

(3)

Feeling Understood and Accepted: Intimacy

161

(4)

Sexual Excitement

165

(1)

Love and the Immune System

166

(1)

The Agony of Passionate Love

166

(24)

Love, Fear, and Anxiety

167

(2)

Unrequited Love

169

(4)

Jealousy

173

(17)

The Cross-Magnification Process

190

(1)

Love Schemas and the Highs and Lows of Love

191

(9)

Love Schemas and the Delights of Love

191

(1)

Love Schemas and the Pains of Love

192

(8)

Conclusions

200

(1)

Breaking Up and Starting Over

201

(46)

Passionate Love in Other Cultures

205

(1)

The End of the Affair

206

(10)

Dating Relationships: Breaking Up

207

(1)

Marriages: Divorce

208

(7)

Death

215

(1)

Explaining Breakups or Divorce

216

(3)

Who Had Control?

216

(1)

``His'' and ``Her'' Breakup: What Were the Reasons for the Breakup?

217

(2)

The Emotional Aftermath of Breakups and Divorce

219

(4)

Guilt

220

(1)

Sadness and Depression

220

(1)

Anger and Bitterness

221

(1)

Loneliness

221

(1)

Falling Ill

222

(1)

Love Schemas and Reactions to Loss

223

(5)

Dealing with Loss

228

(4)

Gender Differences in Dealing with Loss

229

(1)

Cultural Differences in Dealing with Loss

230

(2)

Starting Over: Dating and Remarriage

232

(3)

Gender Differences in Remarriage

232

(2)

How Happy Are Second Marriages?

234

(1)

Conclusions

235

(8)

From Male Supremacy to Gender Equality

237

(5)

The Pursuit of Happiness and the Avoidance of Pain

242

(1)

A Belief That Things Can Change for the Better

242

(1)

Coda: The Demise of Passionate Love and Marriage?

243

(4)

References

247

(26)

Credits

273

(4)

Name Index

277

(6)

Subject Index

283

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Love and Sex Cross-Cultural Perspectives

Summary

Table of Contents

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Love and Sex Cross-Cultural Perspectives

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Table of Contents

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