Major Problems in American Immigration and Ethnic History

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ISBN: 9780395815328 | 0395815320
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/12/1998

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This unique volume explores such themes as the political and economic forces that cause immigration; the alienation and uprootedness that often follow relocation; and the difficult questions of citizenship and assimilation.

Preface

Approaches to American Immigration and Ethnic History

(29)

Essays

(26)

Immigration Portrayed As an Experience of Uprootedness

(5)

Oscar Handlin

Immigration Portrayed As an Experience of Transplantation

(8)

John Bodnar

The Problem of Assimilation in the United States

(6)

John Higham

The Invention of Ethnicity in the United States

(6)

Kathleen Neils Conzen

Further Reading

(2)

Strangers in the Realm: Migrants to British Colonial North America, 1609--1785

(39)

Documents

(13)

Olaudah Equiano, an African, Recounts the Horror of Enslavement, 1757

(3)

Gottlieb Mittelberger, a German, Describes the Difficulties of Immigration, 1750

(3)

William Moraley, an Indentured Servant, Explains the Condition of Labor in Pennsylvania, 1743

(1)

Peter Kalm, a Traveler, Observes the Variety of Labor in the Colonies, 1750

(2)

Hugh Boulter Recounts the Discontent in Ireland That Resulted in Emigration, 1728

(1)

Benjamin Franklin Advises Those Who Might Move to America, 1784

(2)

William Byrd II, a Land Speculator, Promotes Immigration, 1736

(1)

Essays

(23)

Creative Adaptations: Peoples and Cultures

(10)

T.H. Breen

Outcome of the Repeopling of British North America on Native Americans, Africans, and Europeans

(12)

Russell R. Menard

Further Reading

(2)

Nation and Citizenship in the Age of Revolution, 1750--1800

(27)

Documents

(12)

Benjamin Franklin Opposes the Migration of Non-English into the Colonies, 1755

(3)

Daniel Dulany, a Jurist, Defends the Rights of Aliens in Maryland, 1758

(1)

Patrick M'Robert Defends Immigration, 1774

(1)

J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur Celebrates the Possibilities of America for Its Immigrants, 1782

(3)

The German Press in Philadelphia Defends the War for Independence, 1776

(1)

African Americans Petition for Their Freedom, 1774--1777

(2)

Congress Establishes Its Initial Policy on Naturalization, 1790

(1)

Congress Restricts the Rights of Aliens, 1798

(1)

Essays

(13)

The Creation of Citizenship in the British American Colonies and Early United States

(7)

James H. Kettner

The Creation of American Identity in the Late Eighteenth Century

(6)

Arthur Mann

Further Reading

(1)

European Migration and the Radical Attempt to Conserve, 1830--1880

(37)

Documents

(15)

Gottfried Duden, a German, Assesses the Possibilities for Immigrants to Missouri, 1827

(2)

Svein Nilsson Chronicles Norwegian American Immigration to Wisconsin, 1868--1870

100

(2)

Robert Whyte Explains the Irish Migration Following the Potato Famine, 1847

102

(2)

James Burn Describes Irish and German Immigrants in New York City, 1850

104

(3)

Swedish Women and Men Observe the ``Freedom'' and Opportunity in America, 1841--1848

107

(2)

A German American Family Changes Its Assessment of American Life, 1850--1857

109

(2)

A Graphic Portrayal of a Chain Migration from Sweden, 1866--1883

111

(1)

Essays

112

(20)

Irish Immigrants Who Perceive America as Exile

113

(10)

Kerby A. Miller

German Catholic Immigrants Who Make Their Own America

123

(9)

Kathleen Neils Conzen

Further Reading

132

(1)

Nativism and Becoming American at Midcentury, 1830--1860

133

(37)

Documents

134

(17)

Lyman Beecher Warns About Immigrants Flooding into the American West, 1835

134

(2)

Samuel F.B. Morse Enumerates the ``Dangers'' of the Roman Catholic Immigrant, 1835

136

(2)

Maria Monk, a Supposed Escaped Nun, Recounts the Perils of the Convent, 1835

138

(2)

Frederick Saunders, a Nativist, Considers the Dangers of Immigration to the Republic, 1856

140

(4)

Thomas Whitney, an Anti-Catholic, Compares ``Romanism'' and ``Republicanism,'' 1856

144

(3)

The Know Nothings, ``The American Party,'' Defend Their Political Movement, 1855

147

(2)

Portrayals of Immigrants in Political Cartoons of the Era

149

(2)

Walt Whitman Celebrates the Diversity in the United States, 1855

151

(1)

Essays

151

(17)

The Ideology of the Know Nothing Party

152

(8)

Tyler Anbinder

The Relationship Between the Portrayal of Irish Americans and Citizenship at Midcentury

160

(8)

Dale Knobel

Further Reading

168

(2)

Emigration and Return: Migration Patterns in the Industrial Age, 1850--1920

170

(34)

Documents

171

(14)

Let Chew, a Chinese Immigrant, Describes Life in the United States and Denounces Anti-Chinese Prejudice, 1882

172

(2)

Immigrants Recall Their Life in Eastern Europe and their Emigration, 1915--1923

174

(2)

A Slovenian Recounts Varying Assessments of America Made by Returned Immigrants, 1909

176

(4)

Mary Antin, a Russian Woman, encounters Anti-Semitic Violence and Flees Russia, 1912

180

(2)

Mexican Ballads Justify and Condemn Immigration, 1924

182

(2)

Chinese Immigrants Explain Their Migration and Lament Their Detention, 1910--1940

184

(1)

Essays

185

(17)

The Relationship Between American Money and Italian Land in Stimulating Return Migration

185

(10)

Dino Cinel

The Chinese Migration to the United States in the Context of the Larger Chinese Diaspora

195

(7)

Sucheng Chan

Further Reading

202

(2)

Industrial Immigrants in the City and in the Countryside, 1880--1920

204

(34)

Documents

205

(14)

Jacob Riis Describes the Impoverished Tenements of New York City, 1890

205

(2)

A Portrait of Sweatshop Labor in New York City, 1895

207

(1)

A New York Politician Justifies the Urban Political Machine, 1905

208

(2)

The Yiddish Press in New York City, 1902

210

(2)

Two Italian Americans Recount the 1912 Lawrence, Massachusetts, Strike

212

(1)

Three Chinese Americans Recall Life and Labor in Their Ethnic Community, 1877--1917

213

(3)

A Sociologist Analyzes the Process of Assimilation Among Slavic Immigrants, 1910

216

(3)

Essays

219

(17)

Immigrants Adjust to Industrial Labor, ``Clock Time,'' and Unionization in the Early Twentieth Century

219

(10)

Herbert Gutman

The Interactions of Race and Class in Agricultural Labor

229

(7)

Tomas Almaguer

Further Reading

236

(2)

Women and Children Immigrants Amid a Patriarchal World

238

(35)

Documents

239

(13)

Sociologists Describe the Disruption of Familial Solidarity Resulting from Immigration, 1918

239

(3)

Jane Addams Renounces the Patriarchal Authority of Immigrant Households, 1910

242

(2)

A Depiction of the Patriarchal Immigrant Household in Greenwich Village, 1920--1930

244

(2)

Two Italian Americans Analyze Changing Familial and Gender Patterns Among Immigrants, 1939

246

(2)

Swedish Americans Debate the Consequences of Changing Gender Roles Among Immigrants in America, 1896--1914

248

(1)

Mexican Ballads Ridicule Women's Changing Behavior, 1924

249

(1)

A Chinese American Woman Details Life as a Prostitute in America, 1898

250

(2)

Essays

252

(19)

Changes Between Women and Men in the Irish American Family

252

(10)

Hasia Diner

Changes Between Daughters and Parents in the Mexican American Family

262

(9)

Vicki L. Ruiz

Further Reading

271

(2)

Racialization of Immigrants, 1880--1930

273

(34)

Documents

274

(16)

Samuel Gompers Racializes Chinese American Labor, 1902

275

(3)

The Asiatic Exclusion League Argues that Asians Cannot Be Assimilated, 1911

278

(2)

Fu Chi Hao, Chinese American, Reprimands Americans for Anti-Chinese Attitudes and Law, 1907

280

(1)

A Racialized Description of Immigrants from Europe, 1915

281

(2)

A Sociologist Portrays the Racial Dimensions of Immigrants from Europe, 1914

283

(2)

Congressman John Box Objects to Mexican Immigrants, 1928

285

(3)

Thind v. United States: The United States Supreme Court Clarifies the Meaning of ``White,'' 1923

288

(2)

Essays

290

(15)

The Evolution of Thought on Race and the Development of Scientific Racism

291

(8)

John Higham

The Evolution of Legal Constructions of Race and ``Whiteness''

299

(6)

Ian F. Haney-Lopez

Further Reading

305

(2)

Responses to Immigration: Exclusion, Restriction, and Americanization, 1880--1924

307

(36)

Documents

308

(14)

Josiah Strong, a Protestant Clergyman, Considers the ``Perils'' of Immigration, 1885

309

(1)

The Immigration Restriction League Outlines the ``Immigration Problem,'' 1894

310

(2)

Emma Lazarus's Poem at the Foot of the Statue of Liberty, 1883

312

(1)

A German American Attacks, ``False Americanism,'' 1889

312

(2)

A Jewish American Playwright Celebrates the American ``Melting Pot,'' 1909

314

(2)

Theodore Roosevelt Advocates ``Americanism,'' 1915

316

(2)

Randolph Bourne Promotes Cultural Pluralism, 1916

318

(3)

The Governor of Iowa Proclaims English the State's Official Language, 1917

321

(1)

Essays

322

(19)

Efforts at Americanization in the Industrial Workplace, 1914--1921

323

(9)

Stephen Meyer

The Varieties of Ethnic Pluralism in American Thought

332

(9)

John Higham

Further Reading

341

(2)

Immigrant and Ethnic Life in Twentieth-Century America, 1924--1965

343

(38)

Documents

344

(16)

Mary Paik Lee, a Korean American Confronts Racism in Los Angeles, 1921, 1941

345

(2)

Carey McWilliams Describes South Asian and Mexican Agricultural Laborers, 1939

347

(2)

Carlos Almazan, a Mexican American, Recounts Life in the United States and His Desire to Leave, [1927]

349

(2)

Carlos Bulosan, A Filipino American, Depicts His Ambivalence About America's Kindness and Cruelty, 1937

351

(2)

Dominic Del Turco, an Italian American Laborer, Remembers Union Organizing, 1934

353

(3)

Yuen Tim Gong, a Chinese American ``Paper Son,'' Recalls His Life in California, 1920--1931

356

(2)

A Chinese American Describes His Detention Upon Arrival in San Francisco, ca. 1945

358

(2)

Essays

360

(19)

The Impact of the Great Depression on Local Ethnic Institutions in Chicago

360

(10)

Lizabeth Cohen

The Role of Popular Culture in Changing the Mexican American Community in Los Angeles Between 1920 and 1935

370

(9)

George Sanchez

Further Reading

379

(2)

Immigrants and Ethnics Amid Depression and War, 1929--1965

381

(34)

Documents

382

(1)

Documents and Reminiscences Recall the Mexican Repatriation in the 1930s

383

(11)

Congressional Testimony Advocating Resolutions to Admit German Refugee Children, 1939

385

(2)

Yoshiko Uchida, a Japanese American Woman, Remembers Her Family's Relocation During World War II, 1942

387

(2)

Nicholas Gage, a Greek Refugee, Recounts His Escape from His Homeland, 1949

389

(2)

An Eminent Sociologist Analyzes the ``American Way of Life,'' 1956

391

(3)

Essays

394

(19)

World War II and the Forced Relocation of Japanese Americans

395

(9)

Roger Daniels

The Influence of World War II on Changing the American Identity

404

(9)

Philip Gleason

Further Reading

413

(2)

Immigration and Ethnicity in the Post-Industrial World, 1965 to the Present

415

(35)

Documents

416

(13)

A Chicano Conference Advocates the Creation of Atzlan, 1969

417

(1)

A ``White Ethnic'' Differentiates PIGS from WASPs, 1972

417

(2)

A Latino and an African American Debate the Construction of Race, 1996

419

(3)

A Person of Mixed Race Explores Notions of Race, 1991

422

(1)

The U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform Assesses Current Immigration Policy, 1994

423

(2)

The Disadvantages of Immigration Reform, 1996

425

(2)

National Research Council Stresses the Advantages of Immigration, 1997

427

(2)

Essays

429

(19)

The Influence of Political Change in the 1960s on Mexican American Attitudes Toward Mexican Immigration

430

(10)

David G. Gutierrez

An Attempt to Move Beyond Multiculturalism to a Postethnic America

440

(8)

David H. Hollinger

Further Reading

448

(2)

Immigration Transforms America, 1965 to the Present

450

(35)

Documents

451

(14)

A Caribbean American Observes Life in New York City, 1971--1976

451

(3)

Santiago Maldonado, a Mexican American, Details the Lives of Undocumented Immigrants in Texas, 1994

454

(1)

A Cuban Flees to the United States, 1979

455

(3)

A Hmong's Story of Escape from Laos, 1975

458

(2)

Valerie Corpus, a Skilled Filipina American, Reflects on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Life in the United States, 1979

460

(1)

A Korean American's Bitter Life in the United States, 1984--1992

461

(2)

A Vietnamese American Considers Changing Relations Between Parents and Children in the United States, 1978--1984

463

(2)

Essays

465

(20)

The Recent Era of Immigration to the United States, 1965 to the Present

465

(10)

Elliott Barkan

New Ethnic Patterns of Residence: The First Suburban Chinatown

475

(10)

Timothy Fong

Further Reading

485

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Major Problems in American Immigration and Ethnic History

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