Manter & Gatz's Essentials of Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology

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ISBN: 9780803607729 | 0803607725
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 7/1/2002

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This classic student-friendly text provides a concise, comprehensive, and clinically-oriented survey of the human nervous system. It's helpful to any student of basic neuroscience, as well as residents and physicians preparing for board examinations.

Section 1 BASIC PRINCIPLES

(22)

Introduction to the Nervous System

(14)

Nerve Cells and Nerve Fibers

(2)

Organization of Cells and Fibers in the Nervous System

(1)

Functionally Defined Fiber Groups in the Peripheral Nerves

(1)

Overview of the Gross Anatomy of the Nervous System

(5)

Internal Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

(2)

Development of the Nervous System

(4)

Physiology of Nerve Cells

(8)

Resting Membrane Potential

(1)

Ion Channels Control Membrane Potential

(1)

Action Potential

(2)

Action Current

(1)

Afterpotentials and Refractory Periods Follow the Action Potential

(1)

Synapses

(2)

Neuromuscular Junction

(2)

Section 2 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

(18)

Fibers of the Spinal Nerves

(4)

Functional Classification

(2)

Physiologic Classification

(2)

Spinal Reflexes and Muscle Tone

(6)

Spinal Reflexes

(1)

Muscle Spindles

(2)

Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Motoneurons of the Spinal Cord

(1)

Stretch Reflex

(1)

Golgi Tendon Organs and Their Reflexes

(1)

Muscle Tone

(1)

Reflexes of Cutaneous Origin

(2)

Autonomic Nervous System

(8)

The Autonomic Nervous System Has Two Divisions

(1)

Sympathetic Nervous System

(2)

Parasympathetic Nervous System

(1)

Autonomic Innervation of the Genitourinary System

(2)

Autonomic Reflexes of Other Pelvic Viscera

(3)

Section 3 ASCENDING AND DESCENDING PATHWAYS

(36)

Pain and Temperature

(10)

Somatic Sensation

(1)

Overview of the Pathways for Pain, Thermal Sense, and Touch

(1)

Dorsal Roots of the Spinal Nerves Supply Dermatomes

(1)

Adjacent Spinal Nerves Form Peripheral Nerves

(1)

Pain-Temperature Pathways

(5)

Perception of Pain

(1)

Temperature Sense

(1)

Visceral Pain Pathways and Referred Pain

(1)

Effect of Cutting the Spinothalamic Tract

(1)

Sensory Effects of Dorsal Root Irritation

(1)

Endogenous Analgesia

(1)

Central Pain (Thalamic Syndrome)

(2)

Proprioception, Touch, and Tactile Discrimination

(9)

Central Nervous System Pathways

(6)

Physiologic Aspects of Tactile Discrimination

(1)

Effect of Spinal Cord Lesions on Touch Sensation

(2)

Motor Pathways

(8)

Motor Areas of the Cerebral Cortex

(1)

Descending Fibers from the Cerebral Cortex and Brain Stem Influence Motor Activity

(5)

Role of Lateral, Medial, and Propriospinal Pathways in Spinal Cord Function

(2)

Lesions of the Peripheral Nerves, Spinal Nerve Roots, and Spinal Cord

(9)

Degeneration and Regeneration of Nerve Cells and Fibers after Injury

(1)

Clinical Consequences of Peripheral Nerve Lesions

(1)

Lower Motoneuron Lesions: Hypotonic Paralysis of Muscles

(1)

Lesions of Dorsal Roots

(1)

Upper Motoneuron Lesions: Spastic Paralysis of Muscles

(2)

Abnormal Reflexes Associated with Lesions of the Motor Pathway

(1)

Transection of the Spinal Cord

(1)

Hemisection of the Spinal Cord (Brown-Sequard Syndrome)

(2)

Lesions of the Central Gray Matter of the Spinal Cord

(1)

Lesions Involving the Ventral Horns and the Corticospinal Tracts

(1)

Lesions Involving Dorsal and Lateral Funiculi

(1)

Thrombosis of the Anterior Spinal Artery

(1)

Tumors of the Spinal Cord

(1)

Section 4 BRAIN STEM AND CEREBELLUM

(70)

Organization of the Brain Stem and Cranial Nerves

(20)

Surface Anatomy of the Brain Stem

(5)

Internal Structures at the Transition from Spinal Cord to Brain Stem

(1)

Classification of Cranial Nerve Nuclei and Fibers according to their Functions

(1)

Functionally Distinct Cranial Nerve Cell Columns

(2)

Reticular Formation

(2)

Atlas of the Brain Stem: Transverse Sections

(7)

Blood Supply to the Brain Stem and Cerebellum

(2)

Cranial Nerves of the Medulla

(7)

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

(1)

Accessory Nerve (XI)

(1)

Vagal System: Nervus Intermedius (VII), Glossopharyngeal (IX), Vagus (X) and Cranial Accessory (XI) Nerves

(6)

Cranial Nerves of the Pons and Midbrain

104

(7)

Abducens Nerve (VI)

104

(1)

Trochlear Nerve (IV)

105

(1)

Oculomotor Nerve (III)

105

(1)

Facial Nerve (VII)

106

(1)

Trigeminal Nerve (V)

107

(4)

Lesions of the Brain Stem

111

(8)

Principles of Localization

111

(1)

Lesions of the Medulla

112

(2)

Lesions of the Pons

114

(2)

Lesions of the Midbrain

116

(2)

Brain Stem Lesions Causing Coma and ``Locked-in'' Syndrome

118

(1)

Hearing

119

(8)

Ear

119

(3)

Central Auditory Pathways

122

(2)

Diagnosing Hearing Deficits from Nerve Damage and from Conductive Defects

124

(1)

Auditory Reflexes

125

(2)

Vestibular System

127

(8)

Vestibular Portion of the Inner Ear

127

(2)

Vestibular Nerve and Its Central Connections

129

(1)

Vestibulocerebellar Connections

130

(1)

Vestibulospinal Tracts

130

(1)

Vestibulo-ocular Systems

131

(2)

Vestibulothalamocortical Pathway

133

(1)

Sensory Aspects of Vestibular Stimulation

133

(2)

Cerebellum

135

(12)

Overview of Cerebellar Function

135

(1)

Cerebellar Anatomy

135

(4)

Peduncles

139

(2)

Major Circuits

141

(2)

Integration of the Cerebellum and Cerebral Cortex in Movement and Cognition

143

(1)

Clinical Signs of Cerebellar Dysfunction

144

(1)

Diseases

145

(2)

Section 5 FOREBRAIN

147

(74)

Basal Ganglia

147

(11)

Overview

147

(2)

Components

149

(1)

Connections of the Dorsal Striatum and Pallidum with the Cerebral Cortex

150

(4)

Connections of the Pallidum with the Brain Stem

154

(1)

Ventral Striatum and Pallidum

154

(1)

Function and Dysfunction

154

(4)

Vision

158

(9)

Overview of the Visual Pathways

158

(1)

Retina

158

(3)

Visual Pathways

161

(2)

Information Processing in the Visual Pathways

163

(1)

Effects of Lesions Interrupting the Visual Pathway

164

(3)

Optic Reflexes and Eye Movements

167

(7)

Light Reflexes

167

(1)

Reflexes Associated with the Near-Point Reaction

168

(1)

Disorders of Pupillary Function

168

(1)

Eye Movements

169

(5)

Cerebral Cortex and Thalamocortical Connections

174

(19)

Cerebral Cortex

174

(1)

Cortical Cell Layers: The Basis for Structure and Function Relationships within and between Cortical Areas

174

(3)

Cortical Networks and Information Processing

177

(1)

Thalamus

177

(3)

Thalamocortical Connections

180

(2)

Functional Cortical Regions

182

(7)

Disorders of Cortical Networks

189

(4)

Limbic System

193

(11)

Overview

193

(1)

Telencephalic Limbic System

193

(4)

Hypothalamus

197

(3)

Hypothalamic Functions

200

(2)

Epithalamus

202

(2)

Olfaction

204

(3)

Olfactory Receptors

204

(1)

Olfactory Bulbs and Their Projections

204

(2)

Olfactory Cortical Areas

206

(1)

Damage to Olfactory Structures

206

(1)

Chemical Neuroanatomy

207

(14)

Characteristics of Neurotransmitter Molecules

207

(1)

Functional Characterization of Neurotransmitter Receptors

207

(1)

Acetylcholine

208

(1)

Monoamines

209

(5)

Neuropeptides

214

(4)

Amino Acids

218

(3)

Section 6 CIRCULATION OF BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

221

(12)

Cerebral Arteries Supplying the Forebrain

221

(6)

Anterior Circulation

221

(1)

Internal Carotid Artery and Its Branches

221

(2)

Posterior Cerebral Artery and Its Branches

223

(2)

Formation of the Circle of Willis and Its Central Branches

225

(2)

Cerebrospinal Fluid

227

(6)

Formation and Circulation

227

(1)

Composition and Function

228

(1)

Blood-Brain Barrier

229

(1)

Pressure

229

(4)

Section 7 APPROACHES TO PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOMS

233

(14)

Clinical Evaluation of Neurologic Disorders

233

(8)

Patient History

234

(2)

Physical Examination

236

(1)

Neurologic Examination

236

(5)

Neurologic Diagnostic Tests

241

(6)

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis

241

(1)

Electroencephalography and Evoked-Potential Studies

242

(1)

Nerve Conduction Studies, Electromyography, and Muscle and Nerve Biopsy

243

(1)

Anatomic Imaging Studies

244

(1)

Physiologic Imaging Studies

245

(2)

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Manter & Gatz's Essentials of Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology

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