Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers

, by Mamlouk, Michael S.; Zaniewski, John P.

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ISBN: 9780673981875 | 0673981878
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/1/2006

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Revision of the best selling civil engineering materials book on the market right now. Appropriate for civil engineering students at the junior or senior level. In the second edition, new sample problems have been added throughout the text. Many numerical problems have been added at the end of each chapter. The authors added many figures and pictures throughout the MS, especially in the appendix. The sections on Heat Treatment of Steel, Properties of Blended Aggregates, Admixtures for Concrete, Superpave Mix Design have been changed or updated. New sections on Bulk Unit Weight and Voids in Aggregate, Selef Consolidating Concrete and Flowable Fill, High-Performance Concrete have been added.

Preface

Materials Engineering Concepts

(39)

Economic Factors

(1)

Mechanical Properties

(16)

Loading Conditions

(1)

Stress-Strain Relations

(1)

Elastic Behavior

(3)

Elasto-Plastic Behavior

(3)

Work and Energy

(1)

Time-Dependent Response

(1)

Rheological Models

(4)

Temperature and Time Effects

(1)

Failure and Safety

(1)

Nonmechanical Properties

(3)

Density and Unit Weight

(1)

Thermal Expansion

(2)

Surface Characteristics

(1)

Production and Construction

(1)

Aesthetic Characteristics

(1)

Material Variability

(6)

Sampling

(1)

Normal Distribution

(1)

Control Charts

(2)

Experimental Error

(1)

Laboratory Measuring Devices

(11)

Dial Gauge

(1)

Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)

(2)

Strain Gauge

(1)

Proving Ring

(1)

Load Cell

(1)

Summary

(1)

Questions and Problems

(3)

References

(1)

Nature of Materials

(30)

Basic Materials Concepts

(6)

Electron Configuration

(3)

Bonding

(3)

Material Classification by Bond Type

(1)

Metallic Materials

(13)

Lattice Structure

(4)

Lattice Defects

(1)

Grain Structure

(3)

Alloys

(1)

Phase Diagrams

(4)

Combined Effects

(1)

Inorganic Solids

(3)

Organic Solids

(8)

Polymer Development, Structure, and Cross Linking

(1)

Melting and Glass Transition Temperature

(1)

Mechanical Properties

(2)

Summary

(1)

Questions and Problems

(2)

References

(1)

Steel

(28)

Steel Production

(1)

Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram

(3)

Heat Treatment of Steel

(1)

Annealing

(1)

Normalizing

(1)

Hardening

(1)

Tempering

(1)

Steel Alloys

(2)

Structural Steel

(2)

Structural Steel Grades

(1)

Sectional Shapes

(2)

Reinforcing Steel

(3)

Mechanical Testing of Steel

(8)

Tension Test

(3)

Torsion Test

(2)

Charpy V Notch Impact Test

(2)

Bend Test

(1)

Hardness Test

(1)

Welding

(2)

Steel Corrosion

(5)

Methods for Corrosion Resistance

(1)

Summary

(1)

Questions and Problems

(3)

References

(1)

Aluminum

(14)

Aluminum Production

(3)

Aluminum Metallurgy

102

(3)

Alloy Designation System

102

(3)

Temper Treatments

105

(1)

Aluminum Testing and Properties

105

(3)

Welding and Fastening

108

(1)

Corrosion

109

(3)

Summary

109

(1)

Questions and Problems

110

(1)

References

111

(1)

Aggregates

112

(28)

Aggregate Sources

112

(1)

Geological Classification

112

(1)

Evaluation of Aggregate Sources

113

(1)

Aggregate Uses

114

(1)

Aggregate Properties

114

(21)

Particle Shape and Surface Texture

114

(3)

Soundness and Durability

117

(1)

Toughness, Hardness, and Abrasion Resistance

118

(1)

Absorption

118

(1)

Specific Gravity

119

(2)

Strength and Modulus

121

(1)

Gradation and Maximum Size

121

(12)

Deleterious Substances in Aggregate

133

(1)

Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity

134

(1)

Affinity for Asphalt

134

(1)

Handling Aggregates

135

(1)

Sampling Aggregates

135

(5)

Summary

137

(1)

Questions and Problems

137

(2)

References

139

(1)

Portland Cement

140

(25)

Portland Cement Production

140

(2)

Chemical Composition of Portland Cement

142

(1)

Fineness of Portland Cement

143

(1)

Specific Gravity of Portland Cement

143

(1)

Hydration of Portland Cement

143

(2)

Structure Development in Cement Paste

145

(1)

Evaluation of Hydration Progress

145

(1)

Voids in Hydrated Cement

145

(2)

Properties of Hydrated Cement

147

(2)

Setting

147

(1)

Soundness

148

(1)

Compressive Strength

148

(1)

Water-Cement Ratio

149

(1)

Types of Portland Cement

150

(3)

Standard Portland Cement Types

151

(2)

Other Cement Types

153

(1)

Mixing Water

153

(1)

Admixtures for Concrete

154

(11)

Air Entrainers

155

(1)

Water Reducers

156

(1)

Superplasticizers

157

(1)

Retarders

157

(1)

Accelerators

158

(1)

Fine Minerals

159

(3)

Specialty Admixtures

162

(1)

Summary

162

(1)

Questions and Problems

162

(2)

References

164

(1)

Portland Cement Concrete

165

(42)

Proportioning of Concrete Mixes

165

(16)

Basic Steps for Weight and Absolute Volume Methods

166

(14)

Mixing Concrete for Small Jobs

180

(1)

Mixing and Handling Fresh Concrete

181

(4)

Ready Mixed Concrete

181

(1)

Mobile Batcher Mixed Concrete

182

(1)

Pumped Concrete

182

(1)

Vibration of Concrete

182

(1)

Pitfalls and Precautions for Mixing Water

183

(1)

Measuring Air Content in Fresh Concrete

183

(2)

Curing Concrete

185

(3)

Ponding or Immersion

186

(1)

Spraying or Fogging

186

(1)

Wet Coverings

186

(1)

Impervious Papers or Plastic Sheets

187

(1)

Membrane-forming Compounds

187

(1)

Forms Left in Place

187

(1)

Steam Curing

187

(1)

Insulating Blankets or Covers

187

(1)

Electrical, Hot Oil, and Infrared Curing

187

(1)

Curing Period

188

(1)

Properties of Hardened Concrete

188

(4)

Early Volume Change

188

(1)

Creep Properties

189

(1)

Permeability

189

(1)

Stress-Strain Relation

190

(2)

Testing of Hardened Concrete

192

(6)

Compressive Strength Test

192

(1)

Split-Tension Test

193

(1)

Flexure Strength Test

194

(2)

Rebound Hammer Test

196

(1)

Penetration Resistance Test

196

(1)

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test

197

(1)

Maturity Test

197

(1)

Alternatives to Conventional Concrete

198

(9)

Lightweight Concrete

198

(1)

Heavyweight Concrete

199

(1)

High-strength Concrete

200

(1)

High-workability Concrete

200

(1)

Shrinkage Compensating Concrete

201

(1)

Polymers and Concrete

201

(1)

Fiber-reinforced Concrete

201

(1)

Roller-compacted Concrete

202

(1)

High-Performance Concrete

203

(1)

Summary

203

(1)

Questions and Problems

203

(3)

References

206

(1)

Masonry

207

(10)

Masonry Units

207

(7)

Concrete Masonry Units

208

(3)

Clay Bricks

211

(3)

Mortar

214

(1)

Grout

215

(1)

Plaster

215

(2)

Summary

215

(1)

Questions and Problems

215

(1)

References

216

(1)

Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture

217

(52)

Types of Asphalt Products

220

(1)

Uses of Asphalt

221

(1)

Temperature Susceptibility of Asphalt

222

(1)

Chemical Properties of Asphalt

222

(2)

Superpave

224

(1)

Characterization of Asphalt

224

(8)

Superpave Binder Characterization Approach

224

(1)

Superpave Binder Characterization Tests

225

(4)

Superpave Testing Procedure

229

(1)

Traditional Asphalt Characterization Tests

230

(2)

Characterization of Emulsion and Cutback

232

(1)

Classification of Asphalt

232

(7)

Asphalt Binders

232

(6)

Asphalt Cutbacks

238

(1)

Asphalt Emulsions

238

(1)

Asphalt Concrete

239

(1)

Desired Properties

239

(1)

Asphalt Concrete Production

239

(1)

Asphalt Concrete Mix Design

240

(19)

Specimen Preparation in the Laboratory

240

(2)

Density and Voids Analysis

242

(4)

Superpave Mix Design

246

(5)

Marshall Method of Mix Design

251

(5)

Hveem Method of Mix Design

256

(2)

Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility

258

(1)

Characterization of Asphalt Concrete

259

(4)

Indirect Tensile Strength

259

(1)

Diametral Tensile Resilient Modulus

260

(2)

Freeze and Thaw Test

262

(1)

Creep Compliance

262

(1)

Use of Rheological Models to Analyze Time Dependent Response

263

(1)

Recycling of Asphalt Concrete

263

(1)

Surface Recycling

264

(1)

Central Plant Recycling

264

(1)

In-Place Recycling

264

(1)

Additives

264

(5)

Fillers

265

(1)

Extenders

265

(1)

Rubber

265

(1)

Plastics

265

(1)

Antistripping Agents

265

(1)

Others

265

(1)

Summary

266

(1)

Questions and Problems

266

(2)

References

268

(1)

Wood

269

(30)

Structure of Wood

270

(2)

Growth Rings

270

(1)

Anisotropic Nature of Wood

271

(1)

Chemical Composition

272

(1)

Moisture Content

273

(1)

Wood Production

274

(3)

Cutting Techniques

276

(1)

Seasoning

276

(1)

Lumber Grades

277

(2)

Hardwood Grades

278

(1)

Softwood Grades

278

(1)

Defects in Lumber

279

(3)

Knots

279

(1)

Shakes

279

(1)

Wane

279

(1)

Sap Streak

280

(1)

Reaction Wood

281

(1)

Pitch Pockets

281

(1)

Bark Pockets

281

(1)

Checks

281

(1)

Splits

281

(1)

Warping

281

(1)

Raised, Loosened, or Fuzzy Grain

281

(1)

Chipped or Torn Grain

281

(1)

Machine Burn

281

(1)

Physical Properties

282

(1)

Specific Gravity and Density

282

(1)

Thermal Properties

282

(1)

Electrical Properties

283

(1)

Mechanical Properties

283

(2)

Modulus of Elasticity

283

(1)

Strength Properties

284

(1)

Creep

284

(1)

Damping Capacity

284

(1)

Testing to Determine Mechanical Properties

285

(3)

Static Bending Test

286

(1)

Compression Tests

287

(1)

Design Considerations

288

(1)

Organisms That Degrade Wood

289

(1)

Fungi

289

(1)

Bacteria

290

(1)

Insects

290

(1)

Marine Organisms

290

(1)

Wood Preservation

290

(1)

Petroleum-based Solutions

290

(1)

Waterborne Preservatives (Salts)

290

(1)

Application Techniques

291

(1)

Engineered Wood Products

291

(8)

Glued-Laminated Timbers

292

(1)

Plywood

293

(1)

Particle Board and Strand Board

294

(1)

Summary

295

(1)

Questions and Problems

295

(3)

References

298

(1)

Composites

299

(15)

Microscopic Composites

300

(5)

Fiber-Reinforced Composites

301

(1)

Particle-Reinforced Composites

301

(1)

Matrix Phase

302

(1)

Fabrication

302

(1)

Civil Engineering Applications

303

(2)

Macroscopic Composites

305

(3)

Plain Portland Cement Concrete

306

(1)

Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete

306

(1)

Asphalt Concrete

307

(1)

Engineered Wood

307

(1)

Properties of Composites

308

(6)

Loading Parallel to Fibers

308

(2)

Loading Perpendicular to Fibers

310

(1)

Randomly Oriented Fiber Composites

311

(1)

Particle-Reinforced Composites

312

(1)

Summary

312

(1)

Questions and Problems

312

(1)

References

313

(1)

Appendix: Laboratory Manual

314

(67)

Experiment No. 1. Introduction to Measuring Devices

315

(1)

Experiment No. 2. Tension Test of Steel and Aluminum

316

(3)

Experiment No. 3. Torsion Test of Steel and Aluminum

319

(2)

Experiment No. 4. Impact Test of Steel

321

(2)

Experiment No. 5. Microscopic Inspection of Materials

323

(1)

Experiment No. 6. Sieve Analysis of Aggregates

324

(3)

Experiment No. 7. Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate

327

(2)

Experiment No. 8. Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregate

329

(3)

Experiment No. 9. Slump of Freshly Mixed Portland Cement Concrete

332

(2)

Experiment No. 10. Unit Weight and Yield of Freshly Mixed Concrete

334

(3)

Experiment No. 11. Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Pressure Method

337

(2)

Experiment No. 12. Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Volumetric Method

339

(2)

Experiment No. 13. Making and Curing Concrete Cylinders and Beams

341

(2)

Experiment No. 14. Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens with Sulfur or Capping Compound

343

(1)

Experiment No. 15. Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens

344

(3)

Experiment No. 16. Flexural Strength of Concrete

347

(2)

Experiment No. 17. Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete

349

(1)

Experiment No. 18. Penetration Resistance of Hardened Concrete

350

(1)

Experiment No. 19. Testing of Concrete Masonry Units

351

(3)

Experiment No. 20. Viscosity of Asphalt Binder by Rotational Viscometer

354

(2)

Experiment No. 21. Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test of Asphalt Binder

356

(2)

Experiment No. 22. Penetration Test of Asphalt Cement

358

(2)

Experiment No. 23. Absolute Viscosity Test of Asphalt

360

(2)

Experiment No. 24. Preparation of Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor

362

(4)

Experiment No. 25. Preparation of Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using the Marshall Compactor

366

(2)

Experiment No. 26. Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminious Mixtures

368

(1)

Experiment No. 27. Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Concrete

369

(2)

Experiment No. 28. Creep Test of Asphalt Concrete

371

(2)

Experiment No. 29. Bending and Compression Tests of Wood

373

(5)

Experiment No. 30. Tensile Properties of Plastics

378

(3)

Index

381

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Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials