The Matthean Community and the World: An

This study of the Matthean narrative uses the interpretive lens of food exchange to explore the Matthean community's relationship with the wider world. While many studies depict this community as withdrawing from or in conflict with the larger society, James P. Grimshaw's focus on the daily need for food reveals a community that, while distinct, progressively integrates itself into the larger Jewish and Gentile society and the natural world. In addition, this view of community corresponds to the view of a God who actively provides for and relates to all creation. Grimshaw's alternative portrayal of the Matthean community, whose interactions with its surrounding environment are more complex and sustained than often imagined, is a compelling interpretation for today's stratified and disconnected world.

James P. Grimshaw is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Carroll University in Waukesha, Wisconsin.

Introduction
Problem	p. 3
Matthean Community and the World	p. 3
Previous Studies	p. 4
Addressing the Problem	p. 10
Methodology	p. 13
Introduction	p. 13
Life Context	p. 14
Theological Perceptions	p. 15
Textual Features	p. 17
Back to Theological Perceptions	p. 30
Food Exchange Within the Community
The Family (6:1-21)	p. 35
Introduction	p. 35
Practicing Righteousness	p. 40
God as Authoritative Father	p. 46
Food Exchange and Social Relations	p. 53
Conclusion	p. 60
Birds of the Air (6:25-34)	p. 63
Introduction	p. 63
Self and Body	p. 65
God as One Who Provides	p. 68
Conclusion	p. 77
"Ask, and it will be given you" (7:7-11)	p. 79
Introduction	p. 79
Family Exchange	p. 82
Beyond the Family	p. 83
How Food Is Exchanged	p. 86
Conclusion: Matthew's Narrative and 7:7-11	p. 91
Food Exchange Outside the Community
Hospitality (10:5-11:1)	p. 95
Introduction	p. 95
Bold Missionaries or Dependent Laborers? (10:5-15)	p. 98
A Cup of Cold Water (10:40-42)	p. 110
Compassionate God Who Judges (10:26-31)	p. 118
Conclusion	p. 127
In the Grainfields (12:1-8)	p. 131
Introduction	p. 131
Jesus, Disciples, and Pharisees (12:1-2)	p. 132
David and the House of God (12:3-4)	p. 139
Priests and Pharisees (12:5, 6-8)	p. 141
Food Exchange	p. 146
Food Exchange Inside and Outside the Community
In Transition (14:13-22)	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Expanding Food Exchange Practices	p. 156
Food Exchange and Motivation	p. 157
Conclusion	p. 169
Food from God's Earth (15:29-39)	p. 171
Introduction	p. 171
Disciples and Crowds	p. 172
Mountain and Wilderness	p. 176
Food Exchange and Motivation	p. 179
God Nurses the Matthean Community and the Crowds	p. 182
Conclusion	p. 184
Conclusion	p. 187
A Synopsis	p. 187
Taking a Stand	p. 189
Notes	p. 191
Bibliography	p. 263
Index	p. 273
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The Matthean Community and the World: An Analysis of Matthew's Food Exchange

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