Maximizing ROI on Software Development

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ISBN: 9780849323126 | 0849323126
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/28/2004

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Maximizing ROI on Software Development explains how to execute best quality software development and testing while maximizing business value. It discusses Applied ROI in the context of methodologies such as Agile and Extreme Programming, and traditional methodologies including Six Sigma, the Capability Maturity Model® (CMM®), Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), and Product Line Models (PLM). The text discusses what is important in global terms and details how best to choose teams and partners, including outsourcers, and how to employ the latest tools and technologies. It provides models, metrics, and detailed case studies to improve current and future development projects, whether in house or outsourced, near shore or off-shore. The book offers perspectives on how quality improvement through software quality assurance (SQA) testing, planning, and execution is a powerful and effective route toward maximizing return on investment.Divided into seven chapters, this friendly and informative guide can be read quickly, then used as a reliable reference by team leaders and members. It begins by reviewing software development, tools, and methodologies, followed by an examination of how development, maintenance, and integration have become more complex and will continue to do so. The book discusses best practices for managing this complexity and explores the business case for maximizing ROI.The text then provides a comprehensive analysis of ROI from several perspectives, covering nomenclature, project success and failure, mathematics, processes, work products, and techniques. It details how to make global teams successful and how to evaluate Applied ROI implementation, and it includes case studies for wireless, enterprise, and CRM systems.

Preface

xix

About the Author

xxiii

Acknowledgments

xxv

1 A Brief Review of Software Development History

(38)

1.1 Classic Software Development Methodologies

(8)

1.1.1 Waterfall

(1)

1.1.1.1 Limitations of Waterfall Model

(1)

1.1.2 Incremental

(1)

1.1.3 Spiral

(2)

1.1.3.1 Feasibility Determination

(1)

1.1.3.2 Lifecycle

(1)

1.1.3.3 Initial Operational Capability Milestone

(1)

1.1.3.4 Risk Exposure Assessment

(1)

1.1.4 Prototyping

(1)

1.1.4.1 Limitations of Prototyping

(1)

1.1.5 Cleanroom

(2)

1.1.5.1 Starting Assumptions

(1)

1.1.5.2 Boxes

(1)

1.1.5.3 Steps for Cleanroom

(1)

1.1.5.4 Verification and Testing in Cleanroom

(1)

1.1.6 Object-Oriented

(2)

1.1.6.1 Key Relationships

(1)

1.1.6.2 Booch

(1)

1.1.6.3 Goad and Yourdon

(1)

1.1.6.4 Object Modeling Technique by Rumhaugh

(1)

1.1.6.5 Jacobson: Objectory and OOSE

(1)

1.2 Evolving Software Development Methodologies

(18)

1.2.1 The Agile Themes

(2)

1.2.1.1 Most Effort Is Spent on Design

(1)

1.2.1.2 Business Systems Are Inherently Unpredictable

(1)

1.2.1.3 Implement, Review, Iterate

(1)

1.2.1.4 Developers Are More Important than Processes

(1)

1.2.2 Agile Methodologies

(12)

1.2.2.1 eXtreme Programming

(2)

1.2.2.2 Advanced Software Development

(2)

1.2.2.3 SCRUM

(1)

1.2.2.4 Feature Driven Development

(1)

1.2.2.5 Lean Software Development

(3)

1.2.2.6 Dynamic Systems Development Method

(1)

1.2.2.7 Crystal Family

(1)

1.2.2.8 Unified Modeling Language

(1)

1.2.2.9 Rational Unified Process

(1)

1.2.3 Model Driven Architecture

(2)

1.2.3.1 Interoperability between Platforms

(1)

1.2.3.2 Independence from Platforms

(1)

1.2.3.3 Portability

(1)

1.2.3.4 Improved Communication

(1)

1.2.3.5 Enhanced Return on Investment

(1)

1.2.4 Web Service Development

(2)

1.2.4.1 The Lifecycle of Web Services

(1)

1.2.4.2 Design

(1)

1.2.4.3 Development

(1)

1.2.4.4 Testing

(1)

1.2.4.5 Deployment in SOAP or XML Applications

(1)

1.2.4.6 Execution

(1)

1.2.4.7 Management

(1)

1.3 Evolutionary Predictions

(6)

1.3.1 The Future of Agile Development

(1)

1.3.1.1 The Agile Economy

(1)

1.3.1.2 Agile Is a Strategic Capability

(1)

1.3.1.3 Application Examples

(1)

1.3.2 Application Trends

(3)

1.3.2.1 Evolving Applications and Platforms

(1)

1.3.2.2 Application Integration Opportunity

(1)

1.3.2.3 Agile Application Integration

(1)

1.3.2.4 Software Reuse

(1)

1.3.2.5 Management Responsibilities

(1)

1.3.3 Future of Web Services Development

(6)

1.3.3.1 Agile Services

(1)

1.3.3.2 Write Once Use Anywhere

(1)

1.3.3.3 Self-Aware Services

(1)

1.3.3.4 Easy to Upgrade Services

(1)

1.3.3.5 Loosely Coupled Scaleable Services

(1)

1.3.3.6 Platform Independent Services

(1)

1.4 Summary of Chapter

(1)

References

(4)

2 Software Complexity Crisis

(40)

2.1 Contemporary Software Development Is Multifaceted and Complex

(3)

2.1.1 Old Car and Computers Analogy

(1)

2.1.2 Diverse Development Locations

(1)

2.1.3 Diverse Development Teams

(1)

2.1.4 Diverse Platforms

(1)

2.2 Market Trends Favor Diversity

(18)

2.2.1 Proliferation of Software Development and Deployment Environments

(3)

2.2.1.1 Microsoft Platforms

(1)

2.2.1.2 Java Platforms

(1)

2.2.1.3 Open Source Platforms

(1)

2.2.1.4 Mobile Platforms

(1)

2.2.2 Proliferation of Software Maturity Models

(13)

2.2.2.1 Software Process Models

(1)

2.2.2.2 Capability Maturity Model Integrated

(2)

2.2.2.3 Information Technology Infrastructure Library

(3)

2.2.2.4 Control Objectives for Information Technology

(2)

2.2.2.5 Product Line Model

(5)

2.3 Changing Role of Information Technology

(3)

2.3.1 Global Software Development and Test Opportunity

(1)

2.3.1.1 Widely Available Technical Training

(1)

2.3.1.2 Software Development Skills are a Commodity

(1)

2.3.1.3 Global Software Development and Test Reduces Costs

(1)

2.3.1.4 Entire World Is Becoming a Software Consumer

(1)

2.3.2 Outsourcing and Offshoring

(1)

2.3.2.1 Human Factors Are Most Important

(1)

2.3.2.2 Differences from IT-Enabled and Business Process Outsourcing

(1)

2.3.2.3 Governments Can Play Constructive Role

(1)

2.4 Business Case for Maximizing Software ROI

(13)

2.4.1 Excuses for Not Calculating ROI

(2)

2.4.1.1 ROI is Wasteful Number Crunching

(1)

2.4.1.2 We Do Not Have the Expertise

(1)

2.4.1.3 We Will Wait Until Later

(1)

2.4.1.4 ROI Will Be Positive Anyway

(1)

2.4.1.5 Let Us Use Someone Else's Data

(1)

2.4.2 Benefits of ROI

(4)

2.4.2.1 Helps Establish Business Value

(1)

2.4.2.2 Helps Establish Metrics

(1)

2.4.2.3 ROI gives a Healthy Dose of Reality

(1)

2.4.2.4 Helps Establish Best Practices

(1)

2.4.2.5 Facilitates Data Collection

(1)

2.4.3 Business Value Capture Using ROI

(1)

2.4.3.1 Analyze Opportunities

(1)

2.4.3.2 Determine Strategy

(1)

2.4.3.3 Make Decisions

(1)

2.4.3.4 Manage Portfolio

(1)

2.4.3.5 Continuous Improvement

(1)

2.4.4 Getting Ready for ROI Analysis

(3)

2.4.4.1 Plan Effective Timelines

(1)

2.4.4.2 Establish Performance Objectives

(1)

2.4.4.3 Guard Against Over-reliance on Numbers

(1)

2.4.4.4 Do Not Assume Anything

(1)

2.4.4.5 Make Appropriate Investments

(1)

2.4.4.6 Get Stakeholder Buy-In

(1)

2.4.4.7 Get Ready to Measure, Measure, Measure

(1)

2.4.5 Avoiding Common ROI Mistakes

(5)

2.4.5.1 Missing Strategic Vision and Stakeholder Buy-In

(1)

2.4.5.2 Lack of Domain Expertise

(1)

2.4.5.3 Inaccurate Assumptions

(1)

2.4.5.4 Incorrect Timing

(1)

2.4.5.5 Missing Risk and Cost Profile

(1)

2.4.5.6 Unsubstantiated Data or Supporting Evidence

(1)

2.4.5.7 Overestimating Gains

(1)

2.5 Summary of Chapter

(1)

References

(2)

3 Software Development ROI

(28)

3.1 Days of "Good Enough" Software Development Are Over

(5)

3.1.1 ROI Applies to Managers and Developers Alike

(1)

3.1.2 Use a Business Model

(1)

3.1.3 Priority of Customers May Not Match Those of ROI

(1)

3.1.4 Scalability and ROI

(2)

3.1.5 Use Interfaces that Are Neutral to Technology

(1)

3.1.6 Financial View of Deliverables

(1)

3.2 Baseline ROI

(6)

3.2.1 Definition of ROI

(1)

3.2.2 Components of ROI

(3)

3.2.2.1 ROI Percentage

(1)

3.2.2.2 ROI Factor

(1)

3.2.2.3 Net Benefit

(1)

3.2.2.4 Net Cost

(1)

3.2.2.5 Discount Rate and Internal Rate of Return

(1)

3.2.2.6 Payback Period

(1)

3.2.2.7 Net Present Value

(1)

3.2.3 Data Collection for ROI

(2)

3.2.3.1 Timeframes of ROI

(1)

3.2.3.2 Mythical 1000 Percent ROI

(1)

3.2.3.3 Example Case: Sales Force Automation Application

(1)

3.2.3.4 Summary of Case

(1)

3.3 Applied ROI

(13)

3.3.1 Phases of Applied ROI

(3)

3.3.1.1 Baseline ROI Is the First Step

(1)

3.3.1.2 Training

(1)

3.3.1.3 Tools and Automation

(1)

3.3.1.4 Processes and Methodologies

(1)

3.3.1.5 Cosourcing

(1)

3.3.2 TCO and ROI

(1)

3.3.2.1 Calculating TCO

(1)

3.3.2.2 Steps to Calculate TCO

(1)

3.3.3 Methodologies of Applied ROI

(5)

3.3.3.1 Capability and Maturity Model

(2)

3.3.3.2 ISO 9001

(1)

3.3.3.3 Six Sigma

(2)

3.3.3.4 Value of Methodology to ROI

(1)

3.3.4 Tools and Techniques for Applied ROI

(2)

3.3.4.1 eXtreme Programming ROI

(1)

3.3.4.2 Web Services ROI

100

(1)

3.3.5 When ROI Is Hard to Quantify

101

(7)

3.3.5.1 Business Values

102

(1)

3.3.5.2 Market Share and Brand Equity

102

(1)

3.3.5.3 Competitive Pressures

102

(1)

3.3.5.4 Regulatory Environment

103

(1)

3.3.5.5 Support and Serviceability Cost

103

(1)

3.4 Summary of Chapter

103

(1)

References

104

(3)

4 The Case for Global Software Development and Testing

107

(26)

4.1 Scenarios of Global Software Development

108

(1)

4.1.1 Intraenterprise Onshore and Offshore

108

(1)

4.1.2 Extraenterprise Onshore and Offshore

109

(1)

4.2 Benefits of Global Software Development and Testing

109

(2)

4.2.1 24/7 Software Development Cycle

109

(1)

4.2.2 Diversified Talent Pool

109

(1)

4.2.3 Proximity to Software Consumers and Marketplaces

110

(1)

4.2.4 Cost Savings

110

(1)

4.2.5 Reliability through Distributed Development

110

(1)

4.2.6 Handle Peaks and Valleys in Demand

111

(1)

4.3 Technology Is the Global Enabler

111

(4)

4.3.1 Project Management Tools

111

(1)

4.3.2 Communication Tools

112

(2)

4.3.2.1 Remote Conferencing

113

(1)

4.3.2.2 Case

113

(1)

4.3.3 Distributed Code Management and Test Tools

114

(1)

4.3.4 Emergence of Common Standards

114

(1)

4.3.5 Component-Based Software Architecture

114

(1)

4.3.6 Seamless and Secure Networks

114

(1)

4.4 Success Criteria for Global Software Development and Testing

115

(5)

4.4.1 Define Execute and Measure to a Plan

116

(1)

4.4.1.1 Aim High

116

(1)

4.4.1.2 Find Champions

116

(1)

4.4.1.3 Find Stakeholders

116

(1)

4.4.1.4 Integrate Objectives

117

(1)

4.4.2 Management Responsibilities

117

(1)

4.4.2.1 No Second Class Citizens

117

(1)

4.4.2.2 Establish High Quality Hardware Infrastructure

117

(1)

4.4.2.3 Follow Best Practices for Personnel Management

117

(1)

4.4.2.4 Follow Best Practices for Partner Management

118

(1)

4.4.2.5 Establish High Quality Software Infrastructure

118

(1)

4.4.3 Personal Strategies

118

(2)

4.4.3.1 Keep Aware of Local Regulations

118

(1)

4.4.3.2 Patience Is a Must

119

(1)

4.4.3.3 Rely on Global Brands

119

(1)

4.4.3.4 Avoid Driving in Developing Countries

119

(1)

4.4.3.5 Be Prepared for Sensory Overloads

120

(1)

4.4.3.6 Work Hours Will Not Get Shorter

120

(1)

4.5 What to Watch Out for

120

(5)

4.5.1 Strong Cultural Currents

121

(1)

4.5.2 Anti-Americanism

122

(1)

4.5.3 Varying Infrastructure and Services

122

(1)

4.5.4 Language Barriers

123

(1)

4.5.5 Political Issues

124

(1)

4.5.6 Business Issues

124

(1)

4.5.6.1 Reciprocity and Investment Laws

124

(1)

4.5.6.2 Approval Processes

124

(1)

4.5.6.3 Taxation Laws

125

(1)

4.6 Outsourcing and Offshoring

125

(5)

4.6.1 Outsourcing

125

(2)

4.6.1.1 IT Outsourcing

126

(1)

4.6.1.2 Offshoring

126

(1)

4.6.1.3 Offshore Software Development

126

(1)

4.6.2 Onshore and Offshore Outsourcing Myths

127

(6)

4.6.2.1 Internal Staff Responsibility

127

(1)

4.6.2.2 Saving Enterprise Money

127

(1)

4.6.2.3 Responsibility Shift

127

(1)

4.6.2.4 Investment Requirement

128

(1)

4.6.2.5 Management Involvement

128

(1)

4.6.2.6 Information Protection

128

(1)

4.6.2.7 Information Sharing

129

(1)

4.6.2.8 Cheap Low-Skilled Labor

129

(1)

4.6.2.9 Poor Working Conditions

129

(1)

4.6.2.10 Old Equipment and Software Privacy

129

(1)

4.7 Summary

130

(1)

References

131

(2)

5 Software Quality and Test ROI

133

(48)

5.1 How to Minimize Risk and Maximize Quality

133

(9)

5.1.1 Myths of Software Quality and Testing

133

(3)

5.1.1.1 Quality and Cost

133

(1)

5.1.1.2 Quality and Agile Programming

134

(1)

5.1.1.3 Software and Art

134

(1)

5.1.1.4 CMM and Management

135

(1)

5.1.1.5 Wasted Time

135

(1)

5.1.1.6 ROI and Quality

135

(1)

5.1.1.7 Shortcuts

135

(1)

5.1.2 Software Inspection Techniques

136

(2)

5.1.2.1 Testing and Inspection

136

(1)

5.1.2.2 Manual Code Inspection

137

(1)

5.1.2.3 Automated Code Inspection

137

(1)

5.1.3 Organizational Measures

138

(1)

5.1.3.1 Measure Defects to Improve Quality

138

(1)

5.1.3.2 Obtain Organization Commitment

138

(1)

5.1.3.3 Measure Organizational Success with ROI Goals

138

(1)

5.1.3.4 Use Key Performance Indicators

138

(1)

5.1.3.5 Use Successive Rings of Applied ROI to improve ROI

139

(1)

5.1.4 Continuous Software Testing

139

(1)

5.1.4.1 Testing Is "Designed into" Software Development

139

(1)

5.1.4.2 Continuous Testing Stakeholders

140

(1)

5.1.4.3 Business of Continuous Testing

140

(1)

5.1.5 Metric versus Measure and a New International Standard

140

(2)

5.1.5.1 Information Needs Evaluation

141

(1)

5.1.5.2 Measurement Process Resource Allocation

141

(1)

5.1.5.3 Measurement Process Planning and Execution

141

(1)

5.1.5.4 Measurement Process Evaluation, Data Capture, and Analysis

141

(1)

5.1.5.5 Measurement Process Key Learnings and Communication

142

(1)

5.2 Software Testing ROI

142

(13)

5.2.1 Costs of Quality and Testing

142

(1)

5.2.1.1 Defects per 1000 Lines of Code

142

(1)

5.2.1.2 Fully Loaded Tester Cost

142

(1)

5.2.1.3 Developer Time to Fix Defects

143

(1)

5.2.2 Applied ROI Considerations

143

(9)

5.2.2.1 Manual versus Automated Testing

143

(5)

5.2.2.2 Automated Test Tools

148

(2)

5.2.2.3 In-House, Outsource, or Cosource?

150

(2)

5.2.3 Calculating Testing ROI

152

(3)

5.2.3.1 Tangible ROI Savings

152

(2)

5.2.3.2 Intangible ROI Savings

154

(1)

5.2.3.3 Refining the Cost Savings Model

155

(1)

5.3 Localization and Internationalization ROI

155

(9)

5.3.1 Factors for ROI Calculation

157

(3)

5.3.1.1 Cost of Localization

157

(2)

5.3.1.2 Cost of Internationalization

159

(1)

5.3.1.3 Revenue from Localization

159

(1)

5.3.1.4 Nonquantifiable Factors

160

(1)

5.3.2 Calculating ROI of Localization

160

(1)

5.3.2.1 Net Benefit

161

(1)

5.3.2.2 Net Cost

161

(1)

5.3.2.3 Baseline ROI

161

(1)

5.3.3 Applied ROI Considerations

161

(3)

5.3.3.1 Reduce Costs

162

(1)

5.3.3.2 Understand Target Market

162

(1)

5.3.3.3 Use Automation

162

(1)

5.3.3.4 Use Effective Process and Methodology

163

(1)

5.3.3.5 Use Cosourcing

163

(1)

5.3.4 Localization and Internationalization ROI Summary

164

(1)

5.4 Software Training ROI

164

(14)

5.4.1 Why Training Needs ROI

165

(2)

5.4.1.1 ROI Gives Valuable Insights into Training

165

(1)

5.4.1.2 Training Provides Business Value

166

(1)

5.4.1.3 Training Consumes Resources

166

(1)

5.4.1.4 Older Models of Training Are Becoming Obsolete

166

(1)

5.4.1.5 Selecting the Best Training Method Is Important

167

(1)

5.4.2 Factors for Measuring Training

167

(2)

5.4.2.1 During Training Factors

167

(1)

5.4.2.2 Post-Training Factors

168

(1)

5.4.3 Calculating Training ROI

169

(5)

5.4.3.1 Net Costs

170

(1)

5.4.3.2 Net Benefits

171

(2)

5.4.3.3 Baseline ROI

173

(1)

5.4.3.4 Case

173

(1)

5.4.4 Applied ROI Considerations

174

(1)

5.4.4.1 Online Training

174

(1)

5.4.4.2 Outsourcing Collateral and Marketing

175

(1)

5.4.5 Training ROI Summary

175

(3)

5.5 Summary

178

(1)

References

178

(3)

6 How Do You Implement Global Software Development and Testing

181

(32)

6.1 The Global Software Development and Testing Model

181

(3)

6.1.1 Software Development Lifecycle

183

(1)

6.1.1.1 Recognize Problem

183

(1)

6.1.1.2 Analyze

183

(1)

6.1.1.3 Design

183

(1)

6.1.1.4 Implement

184

(1)

6.1.1.5 Test

184

(1)

6.1.1.6 Maintain

184

(1)

6.1.2 QA and Testing Roadmap

184

(1)

6.2 Product Readiness and Deployment Infrastructure

184

(13)

6.2.1 Product Readiness

185

(4)

6.2.1.1 Functionality/Features

185

(3)

6.2.1.2 Localization

188

(1)

6.2.1.3 Usability

188

(1)

6.2.1.4 Reliability

188

(1)

6.2.1.5 Performance

189

(1)

6.2.1.6 Supportability

189

(1)

6.2.1.7 Data Migration Issues

189

(1)

6.2.2 Deployment Readiness

189

(1)

6.2.2.1 Sizing

190

(1)

6.2.2.2 Deployment Reviews Done?

190

(1)

6.2.2.3 Support Infrastructure in Place?

190

(1)

6.2.3 Development and Deployment Infrastructure

190

(7)

6.2.3.1 Define

191

(1)

6.2.3.2 Develop

191

(1)

6.2.3.3 Build

191

(1)

6.2.3.4 Release

192

(1)

6.2.3.5 Deploy

193

(2)

6.2.3.6 Maintain

195

(1)

6.2.3.7 Resource Requirements

195

(2)

6.3 Selecting and Managing the Outsourcer

197

(7)

6.3.1 Selecting the Outsourcer

198

(2)

6.3.1.1 Project Definition

198

(1)

6.3.1.2 Interview

198

(1)

6.3.1.3 Addressing Language, Culture, and Time Barriers

198

(1)

6.3.1.4 Statement of Work and Formal Contract

199

(1)

6.3.2 Managing the Outsourcer

200

(3)

6.3.2.1 Methods and Systems

201

(1)

6.3.2.2 Goals and Tasking

202

(1)

6.3.3 Release Candidate Certification Guidelines

203

(1)

6.3.3.1 Release Guidelines

203

(1)

6.3.3.2 During the Project

203

(1)

6.3.3.3 End of the Project

203

(1)

6.4 Methodologies and Measurement

204

(7)

6.4.1 Three Columns of Best Practices and Guidelines

204

(2)

6.4.1.1 In-House SQA

204

(1)

6.4.1.2 Productive Experience

204

(2)

6.4.1.3 Costs and Timelines

206

(1)

6.4.2 Best Practices Criteria Details

206

(4)

6.4.2.1 Productive Experience

206

(1)

6.4.2.2 Costs and Timeliness

207

(1)

6.4.2.3 Outsourcing Companies

207

(1)

6.4.2.4 Outsourcing Country

208

(1)

6.4.2.5 Hurdles for Team Communication

208

(1)

6.4.2.6 Language Issues

208

(1)

6.4.2.7 Types of Testing Outsourced

209

(1)

6.4.2.8 Replace SQA Department?

209

(1)

6.4.2.9 Required Backgrounds of SQA and Testing People

209

(1)

6.4.2.10 Standards Bodies

209

(1)

6.4.3 Experiences of Outsourcing

210

(1)

6.5 Summary of Chapter

211

(1)

References

211

(2)

7 Case Studies

213

(26)

7.1 Anatomy of Our Case Studies

213

(2)

7.1.1 Introduction

213

(1)

7.1.2 Sources

213

(2)

7.2 Case 1: Developing and Testing Natural Language Systems for Mobile Devices

215

(1)

7.2.1 Natural Language System Profile

215

(1)

7.2.2 Case Introduction

215

(11)

7.2.2.1 E-Mail Interface

215

(1)

7.2.2.2 Wireless Web Interface

215

(1)

7.2.3 Technical Overview

215

(1)

7.2.3.1 Agents

216

(1)

7.2.3.2 Networks of Agents

216

(1)

7.2.4 Supported Platforms

216

(1)

7.2.4.1 E-Mail Clients

216

(1)

7.2.4.2 Browsers for Wireless Handheld Devices

216

(1)

7.2.5 Problem Definition and Solution

217

(1)

7.2.5.1 Functional Testing

217

(1)

7.2.6 Test Case Example

218

(1)

7.2.7 Testing Tools Used

218

(1)

7.2.7.1 WebLOAD 4.51

218

(1)

7.2.7.2 Query Builder Tool

219

(1)

7.2.7.3 TestRunner Tool

220

(1)

7.2.7.4 Searching Functions

220

(1)

7.2.8 Output Results from Testing Tool

221

(1)

7.2.8.1 Log File

221

(1)

7.2.8.2 Report File

222

(1)

7.2.9 Bug Tracking System Tools

222

(1)

7.2.9.1 Rational ClearQuest

223

(1)

7.2.9.2 Bug Lifecycle

223

(1)

7.2.10 Return on Investment

224

(1)

7.2.10.1 No Cosourcing for SQA Testing

224

(1)

7.2.10.2 Cosourcing for SQA Testing

224

(1)

7.2.11 Conclusion

225

(1)

7.3 Case 2: Global Testing of Enterprise CRM Market Leader

226

(1)

7.3.1 CRM Company Profile

226

(1)

7.3.2 Case Introduction

226

(1)

7.3.3 Technical Overview of Unicode

227

(9)

7.3.3.1 What Is Unicode?

227

(1)

7.3.3.2 Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646

227

(1)

7.3.3.3 Encoding Forms

227

(1)

7.3.4 Supported Platforms

228

(1)

7.3.5 Problem Definition and Solution

229

(1)

7.3.6 Test Case Example

229

(1)

7.3.6.1 Testing Scenario and System Response

230

(1)

7.3.7 Verification and Validation Testing Strategies

230

(1)

7.3.7.1 Verification Strategies

230

(1)

7.3.7.2 Validation Strategies

231

(1)

7.3.7.3 Sequence of Testing

231

(1)

7.3.8 Testing Tools Used

232

(1)

7.3.8.1 Automated Tools: WebLOAD 4.51

232

(1)

7.3.8.2 Manual Tools: Microsoft Project 2000

233

(1)

7.3.9 Bug Tracking System Tools

233

(1)

7.3.9.1 DevTrack

233

(1)

7.3.9.2 RD System

233

(1)

7.3.10 Remote Communication Tools Used

234

(1)

7.3.10.1 Three Testing Sites

234

(1)

7.3.11 ROI

234

(1)

7.3.11.1 No Cosourcing for SQA Testing

235

(1)

7.3.11.2 Cosourcing for SQA Testing

235

(1)

7.3.12 Case Summary

235

(1)

7.4 Book Summary

236

(2)

References

238

(1)

Appendix A: The Quality Assurance and Testing Process

239

(4)

Index

243

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Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials