The Men of the Last Frontier

In 1931 Grey Owl published his first book, "The Men of the Last Frontier", a work that is part memoir, part history of the vanishing wilderness in Canada, and part compendium of animal and First Nations tales and lore. A passionate, compelling appeal for the protection and preservation of the natural environment pervades Grey Owl's words and makes his literary debut still ring with great relevance in the 21st century. By the 1920s, Canada's outposts of adventure had been thrust farther and farther north to the remote margins of the country. Lumbermen, miners, and trappers invaded the primeval forests, seizing on nature's wealth with soulless efficiency. Grey Owl himself fled before the assault as he witnessed his valleys polluted with sawmills, his hills dug up for hidden treasure, and wildlife, particularly his beloved beavers, exterminated for quick fortunes.

Grey Owl (1888-1938), an Englishman, immigrated to Canada as Archibald Belaney in 1906 and quickly constructed an identity as a Native, assuming the Ojibway name Wa-sha-quon-asin. He was world-renowned for his work as Canada's pioneer conservationist and spread his message of preservation through multiple bestsellers, including Pilgrims of the Wild and The Adventures of Sajo and Her Beaver People. James Polk has written on Grey Owl and other animal-story writers in articles, reviews, and a book, Wilderness Writers. The former editorial director of House of Anansi Press, he was publishing policy adviser in the Ontario government and is the author of a novel, short stories, and a play. He lives in Toronto.