Metal Ions in Biological Systems: Volume 41: Metal Ions and Their Complexes in Medication

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ISBN: 9780824753511 | 0824753518
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/26/2004

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Metal ions are currently used for such applications as diabetes, anti-inflammatory, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric, and anti-ulcer medications, using compounds of vanadium, copper and zinc, gold, lithium, and bismuth, respectively. This text explores these applications in addition to an assessment of chelation therapy, uses in environmental sciences, and the human health effects of metal ion deficiency for several elements-magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron. Featuring contributions from 29 internationally recognized experts, this book offers a timely, authoritative look at ionic complexes in medicine.

Preface to the Series

iii

Preface to Volume 41

Contributors

Contents of Previous Volumes

xix

Handbook on Toxicity of Inorganic Compounds

liii

Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry

liii

Handbook on Metalloproteins

liii

Speciation Dependent Intake and Uptake of Essential Elements

(40)

Janette Davidge

David R. Williams

Introduction

(3)

Elements in Humans

(8)

Speciation

(8)

Optimizing Intakes and Uptakes

(3)

Commercial Element Supplementation

(8)

Conclusions

(9)

Acknowledgments

(1)

Abbreviations and Definitions

(1)

References

(6)

Magnesium In Human Therapy

(30)

Hans-Georg Classen

Heimo Franz Schimatschek

Konrad Wink

Early Roots

(1)

Magnesium Therapy

(2)

Magnesium in Obstetrics and Gynecology

(5)

Magnesium in Pediatrics

(1)

Magnesium in Neurology and Psychiatry

(3)

Magnesium in Cardiovascular Disorders and Hypertension

(4)

Renal Magnesium Wasting

(1)

Magnesium and Allergic Reactions, Acute Asthma

(1)

Safety Aspects

(11)

Abbreviations

(1)

References

(10)

Calcium Status and Supplementation

(32)

Lasse Larsson

Per Magnusson

Introduction: General Importance of Calcium

(1)

Calcium Homeostasis

(7)

Disturbances in Calcium Absorption

(4)

Renal Regulation of Calcium

(3)

Bone and Mineral Metabolism

(7)

Genetics in Calcium Homeostasis

(2)

Calcium Intake and Supplementation

(2)

General Conclusions

(5)

Abbreviations

100

(1)

References

100

(3)

Zinc Deficiency: Its Characterization and Treatment

103

(36)

Ananda S. Prasad

Brief History of the Discovery of Zinc as an Essential Element for Human Health

104

(5)

Clinical Effects of Zinc Deficiency

109

(6)

Major Effects of Zinc Deficiency in Humans

115

(8)

Diagnostic Criteria for Zinc Deficiency

123

(3)

Therapeutic Uses of Zinc

126

(6)

Toxicity of Zinc

132

(1)

Conclusion

133

(6)

Abbreviations

133

(1)

References

134

(5)

The Use and Role of Zinc and Its Compounds in Wound Healing

139

(46)

Paul W. Jones

David R. Williams

Introduction

140

(3)

The Anatomy and Functions of the Skin

143

(2)

The Physiology of Wound Healing

145

(2)

Zinc and Wound Healing

147

(7)

Wound Management Products and Treatments Containing Zinc

154

(5)

Innovations in Trace Element Based Wound Management

159

(15)

Conclusions

174

(11)

Abbreviations

178

(1)

References

178

(7)

Iron Chelators and Their Therapeutic Potential

185

(36)

Robert R. Crichton

Roberta J. Ward

Introduction: The Importance of Iron in Biology and Medicine

186

(2)

Iron Metabolism and Its Disorders

188

(11)

Classes of Molecules with Potential for Iron Chelation Therapy

199

(9)

Potential Chelation Sites

208

(1)

Potential Applications of Chelation Therapy

209

(12)

Acknowledgment

212

(1)

Abbreviations

212

(1)

References

213

(8)

Vanadium Compounds in the Treatment of Diabetes

221

(32)

Katherine H. Thompson

Chris Orvig

Introduction

222

(1)

Insulin Resistance

223

(3)

Vanadium Compounds as Insulin Mimetic Agents

226

(12)

Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Vanadium-Containing Compounds

238

(4)

Conclusions

242

(11)

Acknowledgments

242

(1)

Abbreviations and Definitions

243

(2)

References

245

(8)

Copper and Zinc Complexes as Antiinflammatory Drugs

253

(26)

Carolyn T. Dillon

Trevor W. Hambley

Brendan J. Kennedy

Peter A. Lay

Jane E. Weder

Qingdi Zhou

Introduction

254

(1)

Definition of Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

254

(2)

Structures of Copper and Zinc Antiinflammatory Carboxylato Complexes

256

(6)

Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Cu(II)-NSAIDs and Zn(II)-NSAIDs

262

(3)

Chemical Stabilities and Formation Constants of Cu(II)- and Zn(II)-NSAIDs

265

(2)

The Influence of Stability and Structure of Cu(II)- and Zn(II)-NSAIDs on Their Biological Activities

267

(3)

Conclusions

270

(9)

Acknowledgments

271

(1)

Abbreviations and Definitions

271

(2)

References

273

(6)

Gold Complexes in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

279

(26)

Luigi Messori

Giordana Marcon

Introduction

280

(2)

Main Structural Features of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes

282

(3)

Solution Chemistry of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes: Reactions with Low Molecular Weight Biomolecules

285

(2)

Reactions of Antiarthritic Gold(I) Complexes with Proteins

287

(9)

Metabolism, Biodistribution, and Pharmacokinetics

296

(2)

Hypotheses for the Mechanism of Action: Gold(I) Compounds Primarily Depress the Immune Response

298

(2)

Conclusions and Perspectives

300

(5)

Abbreviations

300

(1)

References

301

(4)

The Medical Use of Lithium

305

(28)

Nicholas J. Birch

Introduction

307

(1)

Methods for the Determination of Lithium and Its Isotopes

308

(1)

Distribution of Lithium

309

(1)

Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Lithium

310

(4)

Use of Lithium in Medicine

314

(2)

Therapeutic Uses of Lithium

316

(6)

Conclusions

322

(11)

Abbreviations

323

(1)

References

324

(9)

Bismuth in Medicine

333

(46)

Hongzhe Sun

Li Zhang

Ka-Yee Szeto

Introduction

334

(1)

The Chemistry of Bismuth

335

(2)

Bismuth in Medicine and Biological Relevance

337

(7)

Bismuth Salicylate and Citrate Complexes

344

(5)

Interactions of Bismuth Compounds with Biomolecules

349

(12)

Pharmacology of Bismuth Compounds

361

(4)

Conclusions

365

(14)

Acknowledgments

366

(1)

Abbreviations

366

(2)

References

368

(11)

Metal Complexes as Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Tropical Diseases: Malaria, Trypanosomiasis, and Leishmaniasis

379

(42)

Roberto A. Sanchez-Delgado

Atilio Anzellotti

Liliana Suarez

Introduction

380

(2)

Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Malaria

382

(13)

Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Trypanosomiasis

395

(10)

Metal Complexes as Possible Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Leishmaniasis

405

(6)

Final Comment

411

(10)

Acknowledgments

412

(1)

Abbreviations

412

(1)

References

413

(8)

Metal Complexes as Therapeutic Agents in Nitrogen Monoxide Modulation

421

(60)

Simon P. Fricker

Introduction

422

(1)

Biology of Nitrogen Monoxide

423

(11)

Metal Complexes as Nitrogen Monoxide Donors

434

(4)

Scavengers of Nitrogen Monoxide

438

(10)

Ruthenium Complexes as Nitrogen Monoxide Scavengers -- An Example of Inorganic Drug Design

448

(15)

Conclusion

463

(18)

Acknowledgments

464

(1)

Abbreviations

464

(3)

References

467

(14)

Subject Index

481

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Metal Ions in Biological Systems: Volume 41: Metal Ions and Their Complexes in Medication

Summary

Table of Contents

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Metal Ions in Biological Systems: Volume 41: Metal Ions and Their Complexes in Medication

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Supplemental Materials

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