Metal Ions In Biological Systems, Volume 44: Biogeochemistry, Availability, and Transport of Metals in the Environment

Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.

ISBN: 9780849338205 | 0849338204
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/1/2005

Rent

(Recommended)

$208.58

Term

Due

Price

Semester

Dec 12

$231.75

Quarter

Sep 3

$220.16

Short Term

Aug 13

$208.58

*This item is part of an exclusive publisher rental program and requires an additional convenience fee. This fee will be reflected in the shopping bag.
Buy New

Usually Ships in 3-5 Business Days

$296.70
eBook

Available Instantly

Online: 180 Days

Downloadable: 180 Days

*To support the delivery of the digital material to you, a digital delivery fee of $3.99 will be charged on each digital item.

$49.48*

Metal Ions in Biological Systems is devoted to increasing our understanding of the relationship between the chemistry of metals and life processes. The volumes reflect the interdisciplinary nature of bioinorganic chemistry and coordinate the efforts of researchers in the fields of biochemistry, inorganic chemistry, coordination chemistry, environmental chemistry, biophysics, pharmacy, and medicine. Volume 44 is devoted solely to the vital research areas concerning the biogeochemistry of metals and their transport in the environment and availability to living systems.

Preface to the Series

iii

Preface to Volume 44

Contributors

Contents of Previous Volumes

xiii

Handbook on Toxicity of Inorganic Compounds

xlv

Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry

xlv

Handbook on Metalloproteins

xlv

Chapter 1 Atmospheric Transport of Metals

(20)

Torunn Berg and Eiliv Steinnes

1. Introduction: The Role of the Atmosphere in Metal Cycling

(1)

2. Factors Governing Atmospheric Transport

(3)

2.1. Source Term

(1)

2.2. Wet/Dry Deposition

(2)

3. Sources of Metals in Air

(7)

3.1. Natural Sources

(1)

3.1.1. Biogenic Emissions

(1)

3.1.2. Marine Aerosols

(1)

3.1.3. Windblown Mineral Dust

(1)

3.1.4. Forest Fires

(1)

3.1.5. Volcanic Emissions

(1)

3.2. Anthropogenic Sources

(3)

3.2.1. Stationary Fossil Fuel Combustion

(1)

3.2.2. Non-ferrous Metal Production

(1)

3.2.3. Vehicular Traffic

(1)

3.2.4. Iron and Steel Production

(1)

3.2.5. Cement Production

(1)

3.2.6. Waste Incineration

(1)

3.2.7. Gold Production

(1)

3.3. Re-emission of Mercury

(1)

3.4. Methods for Source Analysis

(3)

3.4.1. Enrichment Factors

(1)

3.4.2. Multivariate Statistical Methods

(1)

3.4.3. Dispersion Models

(1)

4. Sampling and Determination of Metals

(4)

4.1. Air Concentrations

(1)

4.2. Atmospheric Deposition

(1)

4.3. Retrospective Sampling

(1)

4.4. Analytical Techniques

(2)

5. Concluding Remarks

(1)

Abbreviations

(1)

References

(3)

Chapter 2 The Marine Biogeochemistry of Iron

(26)

Alison Butler and Jessica D. Martin

1. Background

(7)

1.1. The Iron Hypothesis

(2)

1.2. Mechanism of Microbial Iron Acquisition

(5)

1.2.1. Siderophores

(2)

1.2.2. Outer Membrane Receptor Proteins

(3)

2. Marine Bacterial Siderophores

(11)

2.1. Structures

(1)

2.2. Photoreactivity

(5)

2.3. Amphiphilic Characteristics

(4)

2.4. Membrane and Bacterial Partitioning

(2)

3. Thoughts on Biological Significance

(1)

3.1. Marine Photoreactive Siderophores

(1)

3.2. Marine Amphiphilic Siderophores

(1)

4. Concluding Remarks

(1)

Acknowledgments

(1)

Abbreviations and Definitions

(1)

References

(5)

Chapter 3 Speciation and Bioavailability of Trace Metals in Freshwater Environments

(28)

Laura Sigg and Renata Behra

1. Introduction: Speciation and Bioavailability of Trace Metals

(1)

2. Speciation of Trace Metals in Freshwaters

(9)

2.1. Ligands in Freshwater

(5)

2.2. Colloidal Particles

(1)

2.3. Particulate Matter

(1)

2.4. Case Studies of Metal Speciation in Freshwater

(3)

2.4.1. Copper

(2)

2.4.2. Zinc

(1)

2.4.3. Cadmium

(1)

2.4.4. Nickel

(1)

2.4.5. Cobalt

(1)

3. Bioavailability of Trace Metals as a Function of Aqueous Speciation

(8)

3.1. Free Ion Activity Model and Biotic Ligand Model

(2)

3.2. Interactions of Various Types of Metal Complexes with Organisms

(1)

3.3. Biological Factors Influencing Metal Bioavailability

(1)

3.4. Case Studies of Metal Accumulation in Periphyton Under Freshwater Conditions

(1)

3.5. Case Studies of Metal Uptake by Aquatic Insects

(2)

3.6. Metal Bioavailability to Fish

(1)

4. Bioavailability of Metals from Sediments

(2)

5. Conclusions and Outlook

(1)

Acknowledgments

(1)

Abbreviations

(1)

References

(6)

Chapter 4 Bioavailability and Biogeochemistry of Metals in the Terrestrial Environment

(22)

Kerstin Michel and Bernard Ludwig

1. Introduction

(1)

2. The Concept of Bioavailability

(9)

2.1. Approaches to Determine Bioavailability

(5)

2.1.1. Chemical Approach

(3)

2.1.2. Biological Approach

(2)

2.1.3. Environmental Approach

(1)

2.2. Problems and Limitations

(3)

3. Biogeochemistry and Bioavailability of Metals

(6)

3.1. Aluminum

(1)

3.2. Cadmium

(1)

3.3. Chromium

(1)

3.4. Cobalt

(1)

3.5. Copper

(1)

3.6. Iron

(1)

3.7. Lead

(1)

3.8. Nickel

(1)

3.9. Zinc

(1)

4. Concluding Remarks

(1)

Abbreviations

(1)

References

(5)

Chapter 5 Heavy Metal Uptake by Plants and Cyanobacteria

(48)

Hendrik Küpper and Peter M.H. Kroneck

1. Introduction: Heavy Metals and Plants- A Complex Relationship

(1)

2. Potentially Toxic Heavy Metals as Plant Micronutrients

(11)

2.1. Cadmium

(3)

2.2. Copper

102

(4)

2.3. Nickel

106

(1)

2.4. Zinc

107

(3)

3. Heavy Metals as Inhibitors of Plant Metabolism

110

(12)

3.1. Damage to the Photosynthetic Apparatus and Mechanisms Counteracting It

112

(4)

3.1.1. Low Irradiance with a Dark Phase

113

(1)

3.1.2. High Irradiance

114

(2)

3.2. Damage to Root Function and Mechanisms Preventing It

116

(1)

3.3. Oxidative Stress and Changes in Lipid Metabolism Reducing Its Impact

117

(1)

3.4. Detoxification with Metal-Binding Ligands

118

(2)

3.4.1. Phytochelatins

118

(1)

3.4.2. Metallothioneins

119

(1)

3.4.3. Glutathione

119

(1)

3.4.4. Free Amino Acids

119

(1)

3.4.5. Other Metal Detoxifying Ligands

120

(1)

3.5. Detoxification by Compartmentation

120

(1)

3.6. Other Damage Mechanisms and General Resistance Mechanisms

121

(1)

4. Hyperaccumulation-Heavy Metal Uptake as a Defense Against Herbivores and Pathogens

122

(9)

4.1. Biological Importance of Hyperaccumulation

123

(1)

4.2. Mechanisms of Hyperaccumulation

124

(4)

4.3. Use of Hyperaccumulator Plants for Phytomining and Phytoremediation

128

(3)

5. Conclusions

131

(1)

Acknowledgments

132

(1)

Abbreviations

132

(1)

References

133

(12)

Chapter 6 Arsenic: Its Biogeochemistry and Transport in Groundwater

145

(26)

Charles F. Harvey and Roger D. Beckie

1. Introduction

146

(1)

2. Global Arsenic Abundance and Flux Estimates

146

(1)

3. Arsenic Minerals and the Geochemical Arsenic Cycle

147

(4)

4. Arsenic and Mining

151

(2)

5. Arsenic in the Ganges Delta

153

(13)

5.1. Arsenic Mobilization in Ganges-Delta Aquifers

155

(5)

5.1.1. Arsenic as a Function of Depth

156

(3)

5.1.2. Sulfate as a Function of Depth

159

(1)

5.1.3. Calcium and Ammonium as a Function of Depth

159

(1)

5.2. The Relation of Groundwater Flow and Chemical Transport to Arsenic Concentrations

160

(2)

5.3. The Annual Cycle of Groundwater Flow in Central Bangladesh

162

(4)

6. Conclusions and Outlook

166

(1)

Abbreviations

166

(1)

References

166

(5)

Chapter 7 Anthropogenic Impacts on the Biogeochemistry and Cycling of Antimony

171

(34)

William Shotyk, Michael Krachler, and Bin Chen

1. Introduction

172

(1)

2. Chemistry and Behavior in the Environment

172

(3)

3. Abundance and Occurrence in the Environment

175

(2)

4. Biological Chemistry and Toxicity

177

(1)

5. Total Antimony Determination

178

(27)

5.1. Analytical Methods

178

(2)

5.2. Sample Preparation Procedures

180

(1)

6. Ancient and Modern Uses of Antimony

181

(2)

7. Atmospheric Emissions to the Environment

183

(1)

7.1. Antimony in the Atmosphere

183

(2)

7.2. Antimony in Soils

185

(2)

7.2.1. Soils Contaminated by Lead Smelting

186

(1)

7.2.2. Soils Contaminated by Lead Ammunition at Shooting Ranges

186

(1)

7.2.3. Soils Contaminated by Copper Smelting

187

(1)

7.2.4. Dust in Urban Areas

187

(1)

7.3. Antimony in Sediments

187

(1)

7.4. Bioavailability of Antimony to Plants

188

(1)

7.5. Antimony in Natural Waters

189

(1)

8. Archives of Atmospheric Antimony Deposition

190

(1)

8.1. Polar and Alpine Snow and Ice

190

(1)

8.2. Biomonitors

190

(1)

8.3. Peat Bogs

191

(2)

9. Antimony and Human Health

193

(3)

10. Summary and Conclusions

196

(1)

Acknowledgment

197

(1)

Abbreviations

197

(1)

References

198

(7)

Chapter 8 Microbial Transformations of Radionuclides: Fundamental Mechanisms and Biogeochemical Implications

205

(36)

Jon R. Lloyd and Joanna C. Renshaw

1. Introduction

206

(1)

2. Sources and Nature of Radioactive Waste

207

(3)

3. A Brief Introduction to the Chemistry of Radionuclides

210

(4)

3.1. Environmental Chemistry

213

(1)

4. Radionuclide-Microbe Interactions: Fundamental Mechanisms

214

(5)

4.1. Biosorption

215

(1)

4.2. Metabolism-Dependent Bioaccumulation

215

(1)

4.3. Enzymatically-Catalyzed Biotransformations (Bioreduction, Biomethylation, Biodegradation)

216

(1)

4.3.1. Bioreduction of Radionuclides

216

(1)

4.3.2. Biodegradation of Associated Organic Compounds

217

(1)

4.4. Biomineralization via Microbially-Generated Ligands

217

(1)

4.4.1. Phosphates

217

(1)

4.4.2. Sulfides

218

(1)

4.4.3. Carbonates and Hydroxides

218

(1)

4.5. Microbially-Enhanced Chemisorption of Radionuclides

218

(1)

5. The Biogeochemistry of Key Radionuclides

219

(14)

5.1. Actinides

220

(7)

5.1.1. Americium

221

(1)

5.1.2. Thorium

222

(1)

5.1.3. Neptunium

223

(1)

5.1.4. Uranium

223

(2)

5.1.5. Plutonium

225

(2)

5.2. Alkali Metals

227

(1)

5.2.1. Cesium

227

(1)

5.3. Alkali Earth Metals

228

(1)

5.3.1. Strontium

228

(1)

5.3.2. Radium

228

(1)

5.4. Transition Metals

229

(3)

5.4.1. Yttrium (Group 3)

229

(1)

5.4.2. Zirconium (Group 4)

230

(1)

5.4.3. Technetium (Group 7)

230

(1)

5.4.4. Cobalt and Nickel (Groups 9 and 10)

231

(1)

5.5. Halogens

232

(1)

5.5.1. Iodine

232

(1)

6. Conclusions

233

(1)

Acknowledgments

233

(1)

Abbreviations

234

(1)

References

234

(7)

Chapter 9 Biogeochemistry of Carbonates: Recorders of Past Oceans and Climate

241

(28)

Rosalind E. M. Rickaby and Daniel P. Schrag

1. Introduction to Biogenic Carbonate Proxies

242

(2)

2. Partition Coefficients

244

(2)

3. Recorders of Past Ocean Conditions

246

(3)

4. Biomineralization Processes of Different Organisms

249

(5)

4.1. Coccolithophores

249

(2)

4.2. Perforate Foraminifera

251

(1)

4.3. Corals

252

(1)

4.4. Biomineralization and Proxies

252

(2)

5. Biological Discrimination Between Calcium and Trace Metals

254

(8)

5.1. Selectivity of Ion Channels

254

(2)

5.2. Selectivity of Ion Pumps

256

(4)

5.3. Selectivity of Acidic Polysaccharide Template

260

(1)

5.4. Biomineralization Selectivity: A Hypothesis

261

(1)

6. Biological Ion Selectivity and the Environment

262

(3)

6.1. Temperature

263

(1)

6.2. Kinetics

264

(1)

7. Summary

265

(1)

Acknowledgments

266

(1)

Abbreviations

266

(1)

References

266

(3)

Subject Index

269

Please wait while the item is added to your bag...

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Metal Ions In Biological Systems, Volume 44: Biogeochemistry, Availability, and Transport of Metals in the Environment

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Metal Ions In Biological Systems, Volume 44: Biogeochemistry, Availability, and Transport of Metals in the Environment

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License