The Metaphysics of the Incarnation Thomas

The period from Thomas Aquinas to Duns Scotus is one of the richest in the history of Christian theology. Cross aims to provide a thorough examination of the doctrine in this era, making explicit its philosophical and theological foundations.

Richard Cross is Tutorial Fellow in Theology, Oriel College, and University Lecturer in Theology, University of Oxford

Abbreviations

xiv

Frequently cited principles

xx

Introduction. The philosophical problem: substance and nature

1

(1)

The medieval problem

1

(8)

Substance, nature, and individuation: some medieval analyses

9

(15)

Literature

24

(3)

Part I Models for the hypostatic union

27

(118)

The historical and philosophical background

29

(22)

History

29

(4)

Philosophy

33

(18)

The concrete whole-concrete part model: pro et contra

51

(26)

Pro: Thomas Aquinas

51

(11)

Contra: (1) Thomas Aquinas

62

(2)

Contra: (2) Matthew of Ayuasparta

64

(2)

Contra: (3) William of Ware

66

(3)

Contra: (4) Godfrey of Fontaines and Duns Scotus

69

(2)

Dominicans after Aquinas

71

(6)

The substance-accident model: (a) Franciscans from Bonaventure to William of Ware

77

(12)

Bonaventure

78

(4)

Matthew of Ayuasparta

82

(1)

Peter John Olivi

83

(2)

William of Ware

85

(4)

The substance-accident model: (2) Giles of Rome and his opponents

89

(32)

Giles of Rome

89

(15)

Henry of Ghent

104

(10)

Godfrey of Fontaines

114

(5)

Hervaeus Natalis and Duns Scotus

119

(2)

The substance-accident model: (3) Duns Scotus

121

(24)

The type of unity

121

(3)

Accidental dependence and truth-making

124

(4)

Identity and mereology

128

(5)

An Aristotelian problem

133

(3)

Indwelling

136

(9)

Excursus 1. Consequences of the union

137

(8)

Part II Trinitarian issues

145

(36)

Some points of Christological consensus

147

(9)

The Incarnation and the divine essence

147

(4)

The Incarnation of just one divine person

151

(1)

Causality and divine action in the Incarnation

152

(4)

The ratio terminandi: essence or personal property?

156

(25)

The omnipotence and infinity' arguments

159

(1)

The perfection argument: Henry of Ghent

160

(2)

The ratio terminandi as divine essence: William of Ware

162

(2)

The ratio terminandi as personal property: Richard of Middleten

164

(1)

Duns Scotus against the omnipotence and infinity arguments

165

(2)

Duns Scotus against the perfection argument

167

(3)

The independence argument: Duns Scotus

170

(11)

Part III The communication of properties

181

(56)

Christological predication

183

(23)

The communication of properties

183

(9)

Reduplication and contradictory predicates

192

(14)

Relations and intrinsic properties

206

(12)

Theories

208

(5)

Evaluation

213

(5)

Christ's human activity: agency and predication

218

(19)

Excursus 2. Counting persons and natures

230

(7)

Part IV Theories of subsistence

237

(74)

The historical background

239

(7)

Esse theories of subsistence

246

(24)

Thomas Aquinas

246

(11)

Henry of Ghent (1): Pre-1286

257

(4)

Henry of Ghent (2): Post-1286

261

(2)

Giles of Rome

263

(6)

Two Dominicans after Aquinas

269

(1)

Relation theories of subsistence

270

(15)

Richard of Middleton

270

(3)

William of Ware

273

(12)

Negation theories of subsistence: (1) the thirteenth century

285

(12)

Peter John Olivi

285

(5)

Godfrey of Fontaines

290

(5)

Hervecus Natalis

295

(2)

Negation theories of subsistence: (2) Duns Scotus

297

(14)

In favour of the negation theory

297

(4)

The negation theory of subsistence

301

(7)

Are negation theories fatally, metaphysically flawed?

308

(3)

Conclusion. A programme for Christology

311

(14)

The assumed nature as an individual substance

312

(5)

The programme

317

(8)

Bibliography

325

(12)

Index locorum

337

(8)

General index

345

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The Metaphysics of the Incarnation Thomas Aquinas to Duns Scotus

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

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The Metaphysics of the Incarnation Thomas Aquinas to Duns Scotus

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License