MFC Programming

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ISBN: 9780201633580 | 0201633582
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 6/9/1997

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This book provides an in-depth introduction to writing 32-bit Windows applications using C++ and the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library. The text builds from the ground up, first describing the Windows architecture and showing how MFC works with that architecture; next covering the document/view framework that simplifies the creation of industrial-strength programs; and finally illustrating advanced concepts like the usage of dynamic link libraries (DLL), creating Internet clients, and building form-based applications. MFC Programming answers the hard questions, diving below the surface presented in the Reference Manual by building comprehensive, detailed chapters on all types of controls, all of the common dialogs (along with the various methods of customization), serialization, printing and previewing, and customization of the Page Setup dialog. The accompanying CD-ROM contains source code for all programs in the book.

Part I: Basic Windows

(208)

Chapter 1. Win32 and MFC

(6)

1.1 The Win32 Operating System

(2)

1.2 The Win32 API

(1)

1.3 The MFC Library

(3)

1.3.1 Encapsulation

(1)

1.3.2 Inheritance

(3)

Chapter 2. Hello, World

(18)

2.1 Introduction

(2)

2.2 MFC's Generic Program

(7)

2.2.1 The Resource Script

(2)

2.2.2 Precompiled Headers

(1)

2.2.3 The Application Object

(3)

2.2.4 The Main Window

(1)

2.3 Events and Messages

(4)

2.3.1 Events in MFC

(1)

2.3.2 Message Maps

(3)

2.3.2.1 Why Message Maps?

(1)

2.3.3 Handling a Message

(1)

2.4 Naming Conventions

(5)

2.4.1 Names in the Win32 API

(1)

2.4.2 Names in MFC

(1)

2.4.3 Names in This Text

(3)

Chapter 3. Menus

(16)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Menu Basics

(1)

3.3 Menu Events

(2)

3.4 Creating a Menu

(3)

3.4.1 Loading and Attaching a Menu

(2)

3.5 Menu Items

(2)

3.5.1 Item State

(1)

3.5.2 Item Contents

(1)

3.6 Dynamic Menus

(4)

3.6.1 The Menu Bar

(1)

3.6.2 The System Menu

(2)

3.6.3 Context Menus

(1)

3.7 Keyboard Commands

(1)

3.8 Accelerators

(1)

3.9 More on Menus

(2)

Chapter 4. Dialogs

(14)

4.1 Introduction

(1)

4.2 Message Boxes

(2)

4.3 Simple Modal Dialogs

(3)

4.3.1 Creating a Dialog Resource

(1)

4.3.1.1 Meta Keys and Tab Order

(1)

4.3.2 Instantiating CDialog

(1)

4.3.3 Calling DoModal

(1)

4.4 More Complex Modal Dialogs

(4)

4.4.1 OnInitDialog

(1)

4.4.2 Responding to Dialog Controls

(1)

4.5 Modeless Dialogs

(1)

4.6 Internationalization

(1)

4.7 More on Dialogs

(2)

Chapter 5. Windows and Messages

(20)

5.1 Introduction

(1)

5.2 Win32 Window Classes

(1)

5.3 MFC Window Classes

(1)

5.4 The Lifecycle of a Window

(7)

5.4.1 Window Creation

(1)

5.4.1.1 Window Classes

(1)

5.4.1.2 Window and Class Styles

(1)

5.4.1.3 Position and Size

(1)

5.4.1.4 Startup Messages

(1)

5.4.2 Window Existence

(2)

5.4.3 Window Termination

(1)

5.5 Message Delivery

(2)

5.5.1 Synchronous Messages

(1)

5.6 The Window Explorer Program

(9)

5.6.1 Initialization

(2)

5.6.2 The style Class

(2)

5.6.3 The styleDlg Class

(1)

5.6.4 The sample Class

(4)

Chapter 6. Controls

(64)

6.1 Introduction

(1)

6.2 Dialog Data Exchange

(1)

6.3 A Catalog of Controls

(57)

6.3.1 Boxes

(1)

6.3.2 Labels

(6)

6.3.2.1 Tool Tips

(5)

6.3.2.1.1 A Closer Look at Tool Tips

(1)

6.3.2.1.2 Adding a Tool-Tip Control

(2)

6.3.3 Pictures

(6)

6.3.3.1 Icons and Bitmaps

(1)

6.3.3.2 Animation

(4)

6.3.3.3 Gauges

(1)

6.3.4 Buttons

(11)

6.3.4.1 Picture Buttons

(2)

6.3.4.2 Owner-Draw Buttons

(2)

6.3.4.2.1 Using Message Reflection

(2)

6.3.4.3 Spin Buttons

(2)

6.3.4.4 Headers

101

(3)

6.3.4.4.1 Using a Placeholder Control

102

(1)

6.3.4.4.2 Using a Custom Control

103

(1)

6.3.4.4.3 Creating and Responding to Header Buttons

103

(1)

6.3.5 Sliding Controls

104

(6)

6.3.5.1 Scrollbars

105

(4)

6.3.5.1.1 Understanding Win32 Prototypes

108

(1)

6.3.5.2 Sliders

109

(1)

6.3.6 Editable Text

110

(4)

6.3.6.1 Edit Controls

111

(1)

6.3.6.2 Rich-Text Edit Controls

112

(2)

6.3.7 Lists

114

(22)

6.3.7.1 Simple Lists

116

(2)

6.3.7.2 Simple Lists with Multiple Selection

118

(1)

6.3.7.3 Combo Boxes

119

(1)

6.3.7.4 Checklists

119

(3)

6.3.7.4.1 When Things Don't Work

120

(2)

6.3.7.5 Owner-Draw Lists

122

(3)

6.3.7.5.1 WM_MEASUREITEM in a Fixed-Height List Box

124

(1)

6.3.7.5.2 Drawing the Item

125

(1)

6.3.7.6 List Views

125

(7)

6.3.7.6.1 Creating the ImageLlists

127

(1)

6.3.7.6.2 Connecting the Image Lists

128

(1)

6.3.7.6.3 Creating the Columns

129

(1)

6.3.7.6.4 Creating the Items

129

(1)

6.3.7.6.5 Sorting the Report View

130

(1)

6.3.7.6.6 Changing Views

131

(1)

6.3.7.7 Trees

132

(4)

6.3.7.7.1 Initializing the Tree

133

(2)

6.3.7.7.2 Tree Notifications

135

(1)

6.4 Tabbed Dialogs

136

(5)

6.4.1 Creating a Property Sheet

137

(1)

6.4.2 Creating the Property Pages

138

(1)

6.4.2.1 Customizing a Property Sheet

139

(1)

6.4.3 Responding to Commands

139

(2)

Chapter 7. Common Dialogs

141

(28)

7.1 Introduction

141

(1)

7.2 Basic Usage

142

(4)

7.2.1 Using a Modal Common Dialog

142

(3)

7.2.1.1 Error Handling

143

(2)

7.2.2 Using a Modeless Common Dialog

145

(1)

7.3 Customization

146

(3)

7.3.1 Changing the Layout

146

(3)

7.3.1.1 Extending a Dialog

147

(2)

7.4 Example: Common Dialogs and the Rich-Text Control

149

(20)

7.4.1 Font and Color

150

(6)

7.4.1.1 The CHARFORMAT Data Structure

150

(2)

7.4.1.2 Customizing the Font Dialog

152

(4)

7.4.1.2.1 Debugging Strategy

154

(1)

7.4.1.2.2 Adding an Auto Apply Checkbox

155

(1)

7.4.2 File Open and Save

156

(6)

7.4.2.1 Reading and Writing a Rich-Text Control

157

(1)

7.4.2.2 Extending the File Open Dialog

158

(4)

7.4.2.2.1 Deriving a Class from CFileDialog

159

(1)

7.4.2.2.2 Creating the Auxiliary Resource

159

(1)

7.4.2.2.3 Creating Wrappers for the Auxiliary Controls

160

(1)

7.4.2.2.4 Managing the Auxiliary Control

161

(1)

7.4.3 Find and Replace

162

(7)

7.4.3.1 Creating the Dialog Object

162

(1)

7.4.3.2 Responding to the Find Dialog Notification

163

(1)

7.4.3.3 Searching a Rich-Text Control

164

(1)

7.4.3.4 Adding a Search-String History List

165

(4)

7.4.3.4.1 Modifying the Dialog Resource

166

(1)

7.4.3.4.2 Initializing the History List

167

(1)

7.4.3.4.3 Managing the History List

167

(2)

Chapter 8. Graphics, the Mouse, and the Keyboard

169

(42)

8.1 Introduction

169

(1)

8.2 The Graphics Device Interface

169

(5)

8.2.1 Device Contexts

170

(2)

8.2.1.1 Painting the Screen

172

(1)

8.2.2 Logical and Physical Objects

172

(2)

8.3 Line-Drawing Graphics

174

(8)

8.3.1 Pens

175

(1)

8.3.2 Brushes

176

(1)

8.3.3 Color

176

(2)

8.3.3.1 Screen Colors

177

(1)

8.3.3.2 Printer Colors

177

(1)

8.3.4 Coordinates and Mapping Modes

178

(1)

8.3.5 Raster Ops

179

(2)

8.3.6 Shapes

181

(1)

8.4 Text

182

(6)

8.4.1 Logical Fonts

183

(1)

8.4.2 Physical Fonts

184

(1)

8.4.3 Outputting Text

185

(1)

8.4.4 WYSIWYG Issues

186

(2)

8.4.4.1 Font Availability

186

(1)

8.4.4.2 Resolution and Aspect Ratio

186

(1)

8.4.4.3 Kerning

187

(1)

8.4.4.4 Strategies

187

(1)

8.5 The Mouse

188

(3)

8.5.1 Capturing the Mouse

189

(2)

8.6 The Keyboard

191

(2)

8.6.1 The Caret

193

(1)

8.7 Graphics: A Program to Create Two-Dimensional Drawings

193

(18)

8.7.1 Program Organization

194

(2)

8.7.1.1 The Concepts of Storage and Display

195

(1)

8.7.2 Collections

196

(4)

8.7.2.1 A Collection of Commands

199

(1)

8.7.3 Basic Drawing Operations

200

(2)

8.7.4 Tracking the Mouse

202

(2)

8.7.4.1 Capturing the Mouse

202

(1)

8.7.4.2 Drawing a Rubber-Band Shape

202

(1)

8.7.4.3 Releasing Mouse Capture

203

(1)

8.7.5 Monitoring the Keyboard

204

(1)

8.7.6 The Current Drawing Tool

205

(6)

Part II: The Application Framework

211

(138)

Chapter 9. Program Organization

211

(20)

9.1 Introduction

211

(1)

9.2 Program Styles

211

(5)

9.2.1 Document-Centered Applications

212

(3)

9.2.1.1 The Single Document Interface

213

(1)

9.2.1.2 The Multiple Document Interface

214

(1)

9.2.2 Task-Centered Applications

215

(1)

9.3 Documents, Views, Frames, and Templates

216

(10)

9.3.1 Shared Resource IDS

217

(3)

9.3.1.1 The Document String

218

(1)

9.3.2 The Command Line

219

(1)

9.3.3 The New Generic

220

(6)

9.3.3.1 The Application Class: mdi

221

(2)

9.3.3.2 The Main Frame Class: mainFrame

223

(2)

9.3.3.3 The Document Class: doc

225

(1)

9.3.3.4 The View Class: view

225

(1)

9.4 Runtime Classes

226

(5)

9.4.1 The Three Levels of Runtime Class Support

227

(2)

9.4.2 DynCreate

229

(2)

Chapter 10. Documents and Views

231

(28)

10.1 Introduction

231

(1)

10.2 Documents

231

(20)

10.2.1 The CDocument Class

232

(1)

10.2.2 The CArchive Class

233

(2)

10.2.3 Serialization

235

(15)

10.2.3.1 Runtime Class Information

235

(1)

10.2.3.2 Serializing Objects

236

(2)

10.2.3.3 DECLARE_SERIAL and IMPLEMENT_SERIAL

238

(1)

10.2.3.4 Serializing Collections

239

(5)

10.2.3.4.1 Example: Serializing Graphics

242

(2)

10.2.3.5 Schemas

244

(3)

10.2.3.5.1 Versionable Schemas

245

(2)

10.2.3.6 Serializing Data

247

(3)

10.2.3.6.1 Example: Serializing Text

248

(2)

10.2.3.6.2 Finding Needles in the MFC Haystack

250

(1)

10.2.4 Communicating with the Views

250

(1)

10.3 Views

251

(3)

10.3.1 Drawing

251

(1)

10.3.1.1 Example: Drawing Graphics

252

(1)

10.3.2 Handling User Input

252

(1)

10.3.3 Handling Commands

253

(1)

10.4 Commands

254

(5)

10.4.1 Command Routing

254

(1)

10.4.2 Sharing Menus

255

(1)

10.4.3 Controlling Menu State

256

(3)

Chapter 11. Toolbars and Status Bars

259

(24)

11.1 Control Bars

259

(2)

11.1.1 The CControlBar Class

259

(2)

11.2 Status Bars

261

(9)

11.2.1 Creating the Status-Bar Object

262

(1)

11.2.2 Creating the Status-Bar Window

262

(1)

11.2.3 Creating the Panes

262

(1)

11.2.4 Updating the Panes

263

(4)

11.2.4.1 Idle-Time Processing

264

(1)

11.2.4.2 User Interface Update Handlers

264

(2)

11.2.4.2.1 Example: Graphics Status Bar

265

(1)

11.2.4.3 Menu-Item Help

266

(1)

11.2.5 Swapping Status Bars

267

(3)

11.2.5.1 Example: Three Status Bars

267

(3)

11.3 Toolbars

270

(8)

11.3.1 Button Bars

270

(2)

11.3.2 Dialog Bars

272

(4)

11.3.2.1 Creating the Dialog Resource

273

(1)

11.3.2.2 Creating the Dialog-Bar Object

273

(1)

11.3.2.3 Creating the Dialog-Bar Window

274

(2)

11.3.3 Tool Tips and Fly-By Help

276

(1)

11.3.4 Docking

277

(1)

11.4 Hiding, Showing, and Updating Control Bars

278

(5)

11.4.1 Saving Location and State

279

(4)

Chapter 12. Specialized Views

283

(38)

12.1 Introduction

283

(1)

12.2 Scrolling Views

283

(8)

12.2.1 Mapping Modes

284

(1)

12.2.2 The CScrollView Class

284

(3)

12.2.2.1 Scale-to-Fit

287

(1)

12.2.3 Example: Using CScrollView

287

(4)

12.3 Splitters

291

(9)

12.3.1 Dynamic Splitters

292

(1)

12.3.2 Static Splitters

293

(1)

12.3.3 Example: Swapping Between Dynamic and Static Splitters

294

(3)

12.3.4 Setting the Active Pane

297

(1)

12.3.5 Synchronizing the Panes

298

(2)

12.4 Form Views

300

(3)

12.4.1 Creating the Form

300

(1)

12.4.1.1 Overriding PreCreateWindow

301

(1)

12.4.2 Displaying the Data

301

(1)

12.4.3 Edit Fields Within a Form

302

(1)

12.5 Control Views

303

(3)

12.5.1 Message Reflection

304

(1)

12.5.2 Example: Using a List Box as a View

304

(2)

12.6 Example: An Address Book

306

(15)

12.6.1 The Document and the Views

307

(3)

12.6.2 Program Operation

310

(11)

12.6.2.1 Serialization

310

(2)

12.6.2.2 Managing the Form

312

(2)

12.6.2.3 Managing the Tree

314

(4)

12.6.2.4 Managing the Document

318

(3)

Chapter 13. Printing and Previewing

321

(28)

13.1 Introduction

321

(1)

13.2 Support for Printing and Previewing

322

(8)

13.2.1 Printing

322

(3)

13.2.2 Previewing

325

(2)

13.2.3 Printing and Previewing Edit Controls

327

(3)

13.3 Example: WYSIWYG Printing

330

(2)

13.3.1 Scaling the Output to Fit

330

(2)

13.4 Example: Page Setup

332

(4)

13.4.1 Changing Printer Attributes

335

(1)

13.4.2 Customizing Page Setup

335

(1)

13.5 Example: Multiple-Page Output

336

(6)

13.5.1 Printing a Control View

337

(5)

13.5.1.1 OnPreparePrinting

338

(1)

13.5.1.2 OnBeginPrinting

338

(1)

13.5.1.3 OnPrepareDC

339

(1)

13.5.1.4 OnPrint

340

(2)

13.5.1.5 OnEndPrinting

342

(1)

13.6 Example: Printing a Form

342

(7)

13.6.1 OnPreparePrinting

343

(1)

13.6.2 OnPrint

344

(1)

13.6.3 Controlling the Status Bar During Preview

345

(4)

Part III: Extended Examples

349

(74)

Chapter 14. Dialog-Based Applications

349

(34)

14.1 Introduction

349

(1)

14.2 Hangman: A Dialog-Based Game

350

(11)

14.2.1 The Application Class

351

(4)

14.2.2 The Dialog Class

355

(1)

14.2.2.1 The Dialog Resource

355

(1)

14.2.2.2 Initialization

356

(2)

14.2.2.3 Handling a Guess

358

(3)

14.3 Wizard: A Dialog-Based Installation Program

361

(22)

14.3.1 The Application Class

362

(2)

14.3.1.1 The Data Class

363

(1)

14.3.2 The Property Sheet

364

(1)

14.3.3 The Property Pages

365

(8)

14.3.3.1 The Start Page

366

(1)

14.3.3.2 The Installation-Directory Page

366

(2)

14.3.3.3 The Select Page

368

(3)

14.3.3.4 End Page

371

(2)

14.3.4 The Browse Dialog

373

(1)

14.3.5 The Copy Dialog

373

(5)

14.3.5.1 Finding the Root of the Source Tree

375

(1)

14.3.5.2 Counting the Number of Files to be Copied

375

(1)

14.3.5.3 Posting and Updating the Status Dialog

376

(1)

14.3.5.4 Spawning a Worker Thread to Perform Copying

376

(1)

14.3.5.5 Monitoring the Worker Thread and the Cancel Button

377

(1)

14.3.5.6 Terminating the Status Dialog

377

(1)

14.3.6 The Worker Thread

378

(5)

Chapter 15. Dynamic Link Libraries

383

(16)

15.1 Introduction

383

(1)

15.2 How DLLs Are Used

383

(4)

15.2.1 Shared Libraries

384

(1)

15.2.2 Dynamic Data and Code

384

(1)

15.2.3 In-Process Servers

385

(2)

15.3 Using a DLL

387

(4)

15.3.1 Implicit and Explicit Loading

387

(1)

15.3.2 Example: Explicit Loading

387

(4)

15.3.2.1 C Function Interface

388

(2)

15.3.2.2 Resources in a DLL

390

(1)

15.4 Creating DLLs

391

(8)

15.4.1 Exporting Names

393

(3)

15.4.2 Example: MFC Extension DLL

396

(1)

15.4.3 Example: Dynamic Resources

397

(2)

Chapter 16. A Simple Internet Browser

399

(24)

16.1 Introduction

399

(1)

16.2 Overview

400

(1)

16.3 Initialization

401

(1)

16.4 Displaying the Text

402

(4)

16.5 The Text in Memory

406

(2)

16.5.1 Serializing the Text

407

(1)

16.6 Connecting to the Internet

408

(5)

16.6.1 Integrating Internet Access with the Document

410

(1)

16.6.2 Testing an URL for validity

410

(2)

16.6.3 Selecting an URL

412

(1)

16.7 Worker Threads

413

(7)

16.7.1 Processes and Threads in Win32

413

(1)

16.7.2 Background Processing

414

(2)

16.7.3 Synchronizing the Threads

416

(1)

16.7.4 Sharing Objects Across Threads

417

(3)

16.8 Controlling the Cursor

420

(3)

Appendix

423

(2)

Index

425

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MFC Programming

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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