Microwave Ring Circuits and Related Structures

The definitive text on microwave ring circuits-now better than ever For the past three decades, the ring resonator has been widely used in such applications as measurements, filters, oscillators, mixers, couplers, power dividers/combiners, antennas, and frequency-selective surfaces, to name just a few. The field has continued to expand, with many new analyses, models, and applications recently reported. Microwave Ring Circuits and Related Structures has long been the only text fully dedicated to the treatment of ring resonators. The second edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect the most current developments in the field. In addition to updating all the original material, the authors have added extensive new coverage on: * A universal model for both rectangular and circular ring configurations * Applications of ring structures for all types of planar circuits * A new transmission line analysis * An abundance of new applications in bandpass and bandstop filters, couplers, oscillators, and antennas While retaining all the features that made the original text so useful to both students and teachers in the field, the second edition seeks to introduce the analysis and models of ring resonators and to apply them to both the old and the new applications, including microstrip, slotline, coplanar waveguide, and waveguide transmission lines. Based on dissertations and papers published by graduate students, scholars, and research associates at A&M University, Microwave Ring Circuits and Related Structures, Second Edition is sure to be a valuable addition to both engineering classrooms and research libraries in the field.

<b>KAI CHANG</b> is a professor in the Electrical Engineering Department of Texas A&M University where he teaches and performs research in microwave devices and circuits. Previously he was a section head at TRW, Inc. where he was responsible for millimeter-wave integrated circuit component and subsystem development. Prior to this, Dr. Chang was a supervisor at Hughes Aircraft Company, where he was involved in the development of microwave circuits, millimeter-wave oscillators, and power combiners. Dr. Chang is the author of a number of book chapters and has published over 90 technical papers on microwave circuits, components, and subsystems. He earned his PhD in electrical engineering at the University of Michigan.

Preface.

1 Introduction.

1.1 Background and Applications.

1.2 Transmission Lines and Waveguides.

1.3 Organization of the Book.

2 Analysis and Modeling of Ring Resonators.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Simple Model.

2.3 Field Analyses.

2.3.1 Magnetic-Wall Model.

2.3.2 Degenerate Modes of the Resonator.

2.3.3 Mode Chart for the Resonator.

2.3.4 Improvement of the Magnetic-Wall Model.

2.3.5 Simplified Eigenequation.

2.3.6 A Rigorous Solution.

2.4 Transmission-Line Model.

2.4.1 Coupling Gap Equivalent Circuit.

2.4.2 Transmission-Line Equivalent Circuit.

2.4.3 Ring Equivalent Circuit and Input Impedance.

2.4.4 Frequency Solution.

2.4.5 Model Verification.

2.4.6 Frequency Modes for Ring Resonators.

2.4.7 An Error in Literature for One-Port Ring Circuit.

2.4.8 Dual Mode.

2.5 Ring Equivalent Circuit in Terms of G, L, C 35

2.5.1 Equivalent Lumped Elements for Closed- and Open-Loop Microstrip Ring Resonator.

2.5.2 Calculated and Experimental Results.

2.6 Distributed Transmission-Line Model.

2.6.1 Microstrip Dispersion.

2.6.2 Effect of Curvature.

2.6.3 Distributed-Circuit Model.

References.

3 Modes, Perturbations, and Coupling Methods of Ring Resonators.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Regular Resonant Modes.

3.3 Forced Resonant Modes.

3.4 Split Resonant Modes.

3.4.1 Coupled Split Modes.

3.4.2 Local Resonant Split Modes.

3.4.3 Notch Perturbation Split Modes.

3.4.4 Patch Perturbation Split Modes.

3.5 Further Study of Notch Perturbations.

3.6 Split (Gap) Perturbations.

3.7 Coupling Methods for Microstrip Ring Resonators.

3.8 Effects of Coupling Gaps.

3.9 Enhanced Coupling.

3.10 Uniplanar Ring Resonators and Coupling Methods.

3.11 Perturbations in Uniplanar Ring Resonators.

References.

4 Electronically Tunable Ring Resonators.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Simple Analysis.

4.3 Varactor Equivalent Circuit.

4.4 Input Impedance and Frequency Response of the Varactor-Tuned Microstrip Ring Circuit.

4.5 Effects of the Package Parasitics on the Resonant Frequency.

4.6 Experimental Results for Varactor-Tuned Microstrip Ring Resonators.

4.7 Double Varactor-Tuned Microstrip Ring Resonator.

4.8 Varactor-Tuned Uniplanar Ring Resonators.

4.9 Piezoelectric Transducer Tuned Microstrip Ring Resonator.

References.

5 Electronically Switchable Ring Resonators.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 PIN Diode Equivalent Circuit.

5.3 Analysis for Electronically Switchable Microstrip Ring Resonators.

5.4 Experimental and Theoretical Results for Electronically Switchable Microtrip Ring Resonators.

5.5 Varactor-Tuned Switchable Microstrip Ring Resonators.

References.

6 Measurement Applications Using Ring Resonators.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Dispersion, Dielectric Constant, and Q-Factor Measurements.

6.3 Discontinuity Measurements.

6.4 Measurements Using Forced Modes or Split Modes.

6.4.1 Measurements Using Forced Modes.

6.4.2 Measurements Using Split Modes.

References.

7 Filter Applications.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Dual-Mode Ring Bandpass Filters.

7.3 Ring Bandstop Filters.

7.4 Compact, Low Insertion Loss, Sharp Rejection, and Wideband Bandpass Filters.

7.5 Ring Slow-Wave Bandpass Filters.

7.6 Ring Bandpass Filters with Two Transmission Zeros.

7.7 Pizoeletric Transducer-Tuned Bandpass Filters.

7.8 Narrow Band Elliptic-Function Bandpass Filters.

7.9 Slotline Ring Filters.

7.10 Mode Suppression.

References.

8 Ring Couplers.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 180° Rat-Race Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.2.1 Microstrip Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.2.2 Coplanar Waveguide-Slotline Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.2.3 Asymmetrical Coplanar Strip Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.3 180° Reverse-Phase Back-to-Back Baluns.

8.4 180° Reverse-Phase Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.4.1 CPW-Slotline 180° Reverse-Phase Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.4.2 Reduced-Size Uniplanar 180° Reverse-Phase Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.4.3 Asymmetrical Coplanar Strip 180° Reverse-Phase Hybrid-Ring Couplers.

8.5 90° Branch-Line Couplers.

8.5.1 Microstrip Branch-Line Couplers.

8.5.2 CPW-Slotline Branch-Line Couplers.

8.5.3 Asymmetrical Coplanar Strip Branch-Line Couplers.

References.

9 Ring Magic-T Circuits.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 180° Reverse-Phase CPW-Slotline T-Junctions.

9.3 CPW Magic-Ts.

9.4 180° Double-Sided Slotline Ring Magic-Ts.

9.5 180° Uniplanar Slotline Ring Magic-Ts.

9.6 Reduced-Size Uniplanar Magic-Ts.

References.

10 Waveguide Ring Resonators and Filters.

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Waveguide Ring Resonators.

10.2.1 Regular Resonant Modes.

10.2.2 Split Resonant Modes.

10.2.3 Forced Resonant Modes.

10.3 Waveguide Ring Filters.

10.3.1 Decoupled Resonant Modes.

10.3.2 Single-Cavity Dual-Mode Filters.

10.3.3 Two-Cavity Dual-Mode Filters.

References.

11 Ring Antennas and Frequency-Selective Surfaces.

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Ring Antenna Circuit Model.

11.2.1 Approximations and Fields.

11.2.2 Wall Admittance Calculation.

11.2.3 Input Impedance Formulation for the Dominant Mode.

11.2.4 Other Reactive Terms.

11.2.5 Overall Input Impedance.

11.2.6 Computer Simulation.

11.3 Circular Polarization and Dual-Frequency Ring Antennas.

11.4 Slotline Ring Antennas.

11.5 Active Antennas Using Ring Circuits.

11.6 Frequency-Selective Surfaces.

11.7 Reflectarrays Using Ring Resonators.

References.

12 Ring Mixers, Oscillators, and Other Applications.

12.1 Introduction.

12.2 Rat-Race Balanced Mixers.

12.3 Slotline Ring Quasi-Optical Mixers.

12.4 Ring Oscillators.

12.5 Microwave Optoelectronics Applications.

12.6 Metamaterials Using Split-Ring Resonators.

References.

Index.

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Microwave Ring Circuits and Related Structures

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Microwave Ring Circuits and Related Structures

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Table of Contents

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