Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Symptom Validity Assessment and Malingering

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ISBN: 9780826109156 | 0826109152
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 8/1/2012

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This authoritative volume is the first book specifically devoted to symptom validity assessment with individuals with a known or suspected history of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). It brings together leading experts in MTBI, symptom validity assessment, and malingering to provide a thorough and practical guide to the challenging task of assessing the validity of patient presentations after an MTBI. The book describes techniques that can drastically alter case conceptualization, treatment, and equitable allocation of resources. In addition to covering the most important symptom validity assessment methods, this timely volume provides guidance to clinicians on professional and research issues, and information on symptom validity testing in varied populations.

Contributors	p. xi
Foreword Manfred	p. xiii
Preface	p. xv
Acknowledgments	p. xvii
Introduction: Historical Perspectives on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Symptom Validity Assessment, and Malingering	p. 1
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Concussion)	p. 2
Malingering	p. 5
Recent Trends in MTBI and Malingering	p. 9
Summary and Conclusions	p. 17
References	p. 17
Appendix 1.1	p. 23
Appendix 1.2	p. 26
The Role of Clinical Judgment in Symptom Validity Assessment	p. 31
Clinical Judgment Strategies for Detecting Malingering	p. 31
Efficacy of Clinical Judgment in Detecting Invalid Test Results	p. 34
Impediments to Clinical Judgment in Assessing Malingering	p. 36
Conclusions	p. 40
References	p. 41
Ethical Considerations in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases and Symptom Validity Assessment	p. 45
Ethical Ideals and Decision Making	p. 45
Ethical Issues	p. 47
Examiner Deception	p. 52
Patient Populations, Evaluation Context, and Examiner Bias	p. 53
Conclusions	p. 54
References	p. 55
Differential Diagnosis of Malingering	p. 57
Sherman Definitions of Malingering	p. 57
Underlying Concepts and Constructs	p. 58
Diagnostic Criteria for Malingering	p. 62
Differential Diagnosis	p. 65
Malingering Versus Bona Fide Impairment	p. 70
Conclusions	p. 70
References	p. 71
Noncredible Explanations of Noncredible Performance on Symptom Validity Tests	p. 73
What Do Neuropsychological and Effort Tests Measure?	p. 73
Alternative Attempts to Explain Effort Test Failure	p. 74
Poor Effort in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Other Diagnoses	p. 77
Malingering in Clinical and Forensic Contexts	p. 84
The "Unconscious" Explanation for Effort Test Failure	p. 86
Conclusions	p. 95
References	p. 96
Providing Feedback on Symptom Validity, Mental Health, and Treatment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	p. 101
Initial Contact With the Patient	p. 102
Ancillary Issues	p. 110
Other Potentially Challenging Feedback Topics	p. 110
Conclusions	p. 114
References	p. 114
Appendix A	p. 118
Research and Symptom Validity Assessment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 129
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Concussion): General Overview	p. 120
Symptom Validity Assessment Research in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 127
Conclusions	p. 138
References	p. 138
Freestanding Cognitive Symptom Validity Tests: Use and Selection in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	p. 145
Brief History of Freestanding Cognitive Symptom Validity Tests	p. 145
Selection and Use of Symptom Validity Tests	p. 146
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Litigation/Compensation, and Freestanding Cognitive Symptom Validity Tests	p. 148
Types of Freestanding Cognitive Symptom Validity Tests	p. 149
Conclusion	p. 154
References	p. 154
Use of Embedded Cognitive Symptom Validity Measures in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 159
Forms of Embedded Indices	p. 162
Individual Embedded Effort Indicators	p. 163
Combining Embedded Effort Indices	p. 166
Conclusions	p. 177
References	p. 178
Psychological Assessment of Symptom Magnification in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 183
Psychological Inventories to Assess Symptom Exaggeration in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 183
Conclusions	p. 199
References	p. 200
Strategies for Non-Neuropsychology Clinicians to Detect Noncredible Presentations After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	p. 203
Specific Symptom Validity Methods for the Non-Neuropsycholo-gist	p. 206
Conclusion	p. 222
References	p. 224
Assessing Noncredible Attention, Processing Speed, Language, and Visuospatial/Perceptual Function in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 233
Processing Speed	p. 245
Language	p. 250
Visuospatial/Perceptual	p. 254
Conclusion	p. 260
References	p. 262
Assessing Noncredible Sensory, Motor, and Executive Function, and Test Battery Perfomance in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases	p. 269
Motor/Sensory	p. 269
Executive Functions	p. 276
Neuropsychological Test Batteries and Discriminant Functions	p. 284
Clinical and Research Implications	p. 290
References	p. 295
Functional Neuroanatomical Bases of Deceptive Behavior and Malingering	p. 303
Functional Imaging Studies of Deception and Malingering	p. 303
Conclusion	p. 324
Acknowledgments	p. 325
References	p. 325
Appendix 14.1	p. 329
Cognitive Performance Validity Assessment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Physical Pain, and Posttraumatic Stress	p. 323
Cognitive Performance Validity Testing: A General Overview	p. 324
Cognitive Performance Validity Testing in Selected Populations	p. 326
Summary and Discussion	p. 337
Conclusions	p. 338
References	p. 338
Symptom Validity Assessment of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cases in Disability and Civil Litigation Contexts	p. 347
Ethics and Role Boundaries	p. 348
Types of Disability Cases	p. 350
Private Disability and Civil Litigation Cases	p. 357
Conclusion	p. 362
References	p. 362
Symptom Validity Assessment and Sports Concussion	p. 367
Symptom Assessment	p. 368
Postural Stability Assessment	p. 372
Cognitive Assessment	p. 376
Conclusion	p. 377
References	p. 378
Symptom Validity Assessment of Military and Veteran Populations Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	p. 381
Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in Military and Veteran Populations	p. 381
Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Benefits and Incentive for Dissimulation	p. 382
Prevalence of Dissimulation in Military and Veteran Populations	p. 384
Standard of Practice	p. 386
Accuracy in Diagnosis and Documentation	p. 390
Providing Education and Feedback Regarding Invalid Results	p. 392
Conclusions	p. 394
References	p. 395
Symptom Validity Assessment With Special Populations	p. 399
Assessment of Effort in Pediatric Populations	p. 399
Symptom Validity Assessment of Older Adults With Cognitive Decline	p. 401
Symptom Validity Test Performance by Patients With Other Neurological Impairment	p. 403
Assessment of Effort in Patients With Psychiatric Conditions	p. 405
Conclusions	p. 407
References	p. 407
Index	p. 411
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Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Symptom Validity Assessment and Malingering

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