John R. Searle was born in Denver, Colorado, in 1932. He attended the University of Wisconsin from 1949 to 1952 and studied at Oxford University, where he received his BA, MA, and Ph.D. Phil and was a Rhodes Scholar. He taught as a lecturer in philosophy at Christ Church in Oxford from 1956 to 1959 and since then has been a professor of philosophy at the University of California at Berkeley. He has also been a visiting professor at many universities, both in the US and abroad, including the universities of Syracuse, Rutgers, Colorado, SUNY Buffalo, Washington, Michigan, Venice, Florence, Frankfurt, Toronto, Campinas (Brazil), Oslo, Berlin, and Oxford.
Introduction
p. ix
Basic Metaphysics: Reality and Truth
p. 1
The Enlightenment Vision: Reality and Its Intelligibility
p. 1
Introducing Philosophy
p. 7
The Default Positions
p. 9
Reality and Truth: The Default Position
p. 12
Four Challenges to Realism
p. 20
Skepticism, Knowledge, and Reality
p. 27
Is There Any Justification for External Realism?
p. 31
Beyond Atheism
p. 33
How We Fit into the Universe: The Mind as a Biological Phenomenon
p. 39
Three Features of Consciousness
p. 39
A Clash of Default Positions: The Mind-Body Problem
p. 45
The Irreducibility of Consciousness
p. 55
The Danger of Epiphenomenalism
p. 57
The Function of Consciousness
p. 62
Consciousness, Intentionality, and Causation
p. 64
The Essence of the Mind: Consciousness and Its Structure
p. 67
Three Mistakes About Consciousness
p. 69
Structural Features of Consciousness
p. 73
The Field of Consciousness and the Binding Problem
p. 80
Consciousness and Value
p. 83
How the Mind Works: Intentionality
p. 85
Consciousness and Intentionality
p. 86
Naturalizing Intentionality: Another Clash of Default Positions
p. 89
Intentionality Naturalized as a Biological Phenomenon
p. 95
The Structure of Intentional States
p. 99
Intentional Causation
p. 104
The Background of Intentionality
p. 107
The Structure of the Social Universe: How the Mind Creates an Objective Social Reality
p. 111
Social and Institutional Reality
p. 112
Observer-Dependency and the Building Blocks of Social Reality
p. 116
A Simple Model of the Construction of Institutional Reality
p. 124
The Example of Money
p. 126
How Institutional Reality Can Be So Powerful
p. 128
Solutions to the Problem and the Puzzles
p. 131
How Language Works: Speech as a Kind of Human Action
p. 135
Speech Acts: Illocutionary Acts and Perlocutionary Acts
p. 136
The Meanings of "Meaning,"
p. 139
Meaning and Communication
p. 144
Various Types of Speech Acts
p. 146
Constitutive Rules and Symbolism
p. 152
Notes
p. 163
Suggestions for Further Reading
p. 167
Subject Index
p. 171
Name Index
p. 175
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