Modern French Grammar: A Practical Guide

This new edition ofModern French Grammar: A Practical Guideis an innovative reference guide to French, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume. This popularGrammarhas been updated and revised on the basis of user feedback.

Isabelle Perez is Teaching Fellow at the School of Management and Languages, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.

Acknowledgements

ix

Introduction

x

How to use this book

xiv

Glossary

xv

SECTION A Structures

I The noun group

3

(67)

1 Articles

3

(1)

2 The definite article

3

(6)

3 The indefinite article

9

(1)

4 The partitive article

10

(3)

5 Demonstrative adjectives

13

(2)

6 Demonstrative pronouns

15

(2)

7 Possessive adjectives

17

(2)

8 Possessive pronouns

19

(1)

9 Nouns

20

(7)

10 Adjectives

27

(8)

11 Indefinite adjectives, pronouns and adverbs

35

(9)

12 Personal pronouns

44

(4)

13 Reflexive pronouns

48

(1)

14 Emphatic pronouns; position and order of pronouns

48

(5)

15 Relative pronouns

53

(4)

16 Interrogative pronouns, adjectives and adverbs

57

(5)

17 Cardinal and ordinal numbers

62

(3)

18 Fractions

65

(1)

19 Approximate quantities

66

(1)

20 Dimensions

66

(2)

21 Adverbs of quantity

68

(2)

II The verb group

70

(63)

22 Agreement of verb and subject

70

(3)

23 Formation of tenses

73

(1)

24 The indicative tenses; the present tense

73

(6)

25 The future tense

79

(3)

26 The imperfect tense

82

(2)

27 The past historic

84

(2)

28 The compound tenses

86

(1)

29 How the perfect is used

87

(2)

30 How the future perfect is used

89

(1)

31 How the pluperfect is used

90

(1)

32 How the past anterior is used

91

(1)

33 The conditional and the conditional perfect

92

(3)

34 The subjunctive

95

(1)

35 The present subjunctive

96

(1)

36 The imperfect subjunctive

97

(1)

37 The perfect subjunctive

98

(1)

38 The pluperfect subjunctive

98

(1)

39 Sequence of tenses; uses of the subjunctive

98

(7)

40 Reflexive verbs

105

(2)

41 The passive

107

(3)

42 The past participle

110

(4)

43 The present participle

114

(2)

44 The imperative

116

(2)

45 The infinitive

118

(2)

46 Impersonal verbs

120

(2)

47 Adverbs

122

(7)

48 Prepositions

129

(4)

SECTION B Functions

III Exposition

133

(51)

49 Referring to people, things and places

133

(27)

49.1 Physical characteristics

133

(1)

49.2 Personality

134

(1)

49.3 Relationships

135

(2)

49.4 Age

137

(2)

49.5 Ownership

139

(4)

49.6 Dimensions

143

(2)

49.7 Quantity and number

145

(4)

49.8 Quality

149

(1)

49.9 Comparison

150

(3)

49.10 Directions

153

(2)

49.11 Location

155

(3)

49.12 Manner

158

(2)

50 Narrating

160

(1)

50.1 Present time

161

(1)

50.2 Past time

163

(1)

50.3 Future time

165

(1)

50.4 Dates and time

166

(1)

50.5 Sequence

170

(2)

51 Reporting

172

(5)

52 Asking questions

177

(4)

53 Negating

181

(3)

IV Attitude

184

(18)

54 Greeting and leave-taking

184

(1)

54.1 Greeting

184

(1)

54.2 Leave-taking

185

(1)

55 Expressing congratulations and appreciation

186

(1)

55.1 Congratulations

186

(1)

55.2 Appreciation

187

(1)

56 Expressing apologies and sympathy

188

(1)

56.1 Apologies

188

(1)

56.2 Sympathy

190

(2)

57 Expressing surprise and disgust

192

(1)

57.1 Surprise

192

(1)

57.2 Disgust

193

(1)

58 Expressing contrasting attitudes, emotions, feelings

194

(1)

58.1 Likes and dislikes

194

(1)

58.2 Preference

196

(1)

59 Love and hate

197

(1)

60 Enthusiasm and indifference

198

(1)

61 Hopes, fears and regrets

199

(1)

62 Approval and disapproval

200

(2)

V Argumentation

202

(72)

63 Agreeing and disagreeing

202

(1)

63.1 Agreeing

202

(1)

63.2 Disagreeing

203

(1)

63.3 Agreeing to differ

206

(1)

64 Asserting and confirming

207

(1)

64.1 Asserting

207

(1)

64.2 Confirming

208

(1)

65 Admitting and conceding

209

(1)

65.1 Admitting

209

(1)

65.2 Conceding

209

(2)

66 Correcting and protesting

211

(2)

67 Contradicting and criticizing

213

(2)

68 Suggesting and persuading

215

(1)

68.1 Suggesting

215

(1)

68.2 Persuading someone to think the way you do

216

(1)

68.3 Persuading someone to do/not to do something

218

(1)

68.4 Other ways of persuading and dissuading

218

(2)

69 Expressing volition

220

(1)

69.1 Verbs expressing volition

221

(1)

69.2 Wishing and intending

222

(1)

69.3 Asking what someone intends

223

(1)

69.4 Asking someone for something

224

(1)

69.5 Expressing (un)willingness to act upon request

226

(1)

69.6 Deliberate or non-deliberate actions

227

(1)

69.7 Saying what you do not want

228

(1)

70 Expressing permission and obligation

229

(1)

70.1 Permission

229

(1)

70.2 Prohibition

230

(1)

70.3 Obligation

231

(1)

70.4 Exemption

234

(2)

71 Expressing doubt and certainty

236

(1)

71.1 Doubt and certainty

236

(1)

71.2 Possibility and probability

240

(1)

71.3 Condition and hypothesis

245

(4)

72 Expressing logical relations

249

(1)

72.1 Cause - explicit

249

(1)

72.2 Cause - implicit

252

(1)

72.3 Consequence - explicit

253

(1)

72.4 Consequence - implicit

256

(1)

72.5 Aim

256

(3)

73 Expressing opposition

259

(5)

74 Structuring

264

(1)

74.1 Beginning

264

(1)

74.2 Continuing

268

(1)

74.3 Ending

269

(5)

VI The sounds of French

274

(4)

75 Vowels

274

(1)

76 Nasal vowels

274

(1)

77 Semi-vowels/semi-consonants

274

(1)

78 Consonants

274

(1)

79 Accents, cedilla, diaeresis

275

(1)

80 Liaison

276

(1)

81 Elision

276

(2)

Verb tables

278

(14)

Index of grammar structures and functions

292

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Modern French Grammar: A Practical Guide

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

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Modern French Grammar: A Practical Guide

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

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