Modern Literary Theory A Reader

The new edition of this core text has been thoroughly revised and updated in light of the latest developments in the field. Covering the key theoretical approaches in modern literary theory, the text includes those essays and documents that are essential reading for students of literature andcritical theory. The original structure of the book has been improved and new material has been added, including extracts from the writings of Marx, Freud, and de Beauvoir, and a new section devoted to contemporary critical debates and issues.

Patricia Waugh is a professor at Durham University, UK Philip Rice is a former professor at Coventry University, UK

Acknowledgements

ix

Preface

xiii

General Introduction

1

(8)

PART ONE Origins and Foundations

9

(2)

Section One: Seminal Texts

11

(32)

The German Ideology ([1846] 1966)

18

(6)

Karl Marx

Friendrich Engels

Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis (1916)

24

(10)

Sigmund Freud

Course in General Linguistics (1915)

34

(7)

Ferdinand de Saussure

The Second Sex ([1953] 1972)

41

(2)

Simone de Beauvoir

Section Two: Formalism and Structuralism

43

(60)

`Art as Technique' (1917)

49

(3)

Viktor Shklovsky

`The Language of Paradox' (1947)

52

(13)

Cleanth Brooks

Narrative Discourse (1980)

65

(11)

Gerard Genette

`To Write: An Intransitive Verb?' (1966)

76

(9)

Roland Barthes

`Analysis and Interpretation of the Realist Text' (1980)

85

(18)

David Lodge

Section Three: Marxism

103

(40)

The Meaning of Contemporary Realism (1972)

108

(6)

Georg Lukacs

`On Lyric Poetry and Society' (1991)

114

(8)

Theodor Adorno

Marxism and Literature (1977)

122

(12)

Raymond Williams

`Literature as an Ideological Form' (1978)

134

(9)

Etienne Balibar

Pierre Macherey

Section Four: Feminism

143

(32)

`Towards a Feminist Poetics' (1979)

146

(9)

Elaine Showalter

The Madwoman in the Attic (1979)

155

(8)

Sandra Gilbert

Susan Gubar

`Dancing through the Minefield: Some Observations on the Theory, Practice and Politics of a Feminist Literary Criticism' (1980)

163

(6)

Annette Kolodny

The Marxist-Feminist Collective, From `Women Writing: Jane Eyre, Shirley, Villette, Aurora Leigh' (1978)

169

(6)

PART TWO After Deconstruction

175

(2)

Section One: Seminal Texts

177

(49)

`The Death of the Author' (1968)

185

(4)

Roland Barthes

`The Mirror Stage as Formative of the Function of the I as Revealed in Psychoanalytic Experience' (1949)

189

(6)

Jacques Lacan

`Structure, Sign and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences' 91966)

195

(15)

Jacques Derrida

`The Order of Discourse' (1971)

210

(12)

Michel Foucault

`Women's Time' (1981)

222

(4)

Julia Kristeva

Section Two: Subjectivity and Gender

226

(26)

`Sorties' (1975)

229

(7)

Helene Cixous

`Sexual Difference' (1977)

236

(3)

Luce Irigaray

Sexual Dissidence: Augustine to Wilde, Freud to Foucault (1991)

239

(8)

Jonathan Dollimore

Bodies That Matter (1993)

247

(5)

Judith Butler

Section Three: Histories and Textuality

252

(73)

`Discourse in the Novel' (1934)

256

(9)

M.M. Bakhtin

`The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of Reality' (1987)

265

(7)

Hayden White

`The Resistance to Theory' (1982)

272

(17)

Paul de Man

`The Text, the Poem, and the Problem of Historical Method' (1985)

289

(16)

Jerome J. McGann

`Resonance and Wonder' (1990)

305

(20)

Stephen Greenblatt

Section Four: Postmodernism

325

(35)

`Answering the Question: What is Postmodernism?' (1986)

329

(9)

Jean-Francois Lyotard

Simulations (1983)

338

(3)

Jean Baudrillard

The Illusions of Postmodernism (1997)

341

(3)

Terry Eagleton

`Postmodernism and Feminism' (1998)

344

(16)

Patricia Waugh

Section Five: Postcolonialism

360

(35)

`Postmodern Blackness' (1991)

362

(7)

bell hooks

Culture and Imperialism (1993)

369

(11)

Edward Said

`Of Mimicry and Man: The Ambivalence of Colonial Discourse' (1983)

380

(7)

Homi Bhabha

The Post-Colonial Critic (1990)

387

(8)

Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak

PART THREE Critical Debates and Issues

395

(2)

Section One: Canonicity and Value

397

(13)

Literary Theory: An Introduction (1983)

400

(5)

Terry Eagleton

The Western Canon (1995)

405

(5)

Harold Bloom

Section Two: Criticism and Ethics

410

(20)

Love's Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature (1990)

414

(8)

Martha Nussbaum

Totality and Infinity (1969)

422

(8)

Emmanuel Levinas

Section Three: Criticism and the Institution

430

(18)

Political Correctness (1995)

434

(5)

Stanley Fish

`Opponents, Audiences, Constituencies and Community' (1985)

439

(9)

Edward Said

Section Four: Criticism and Knowledge

448

(36)

`Texts and Lumps' (1991)

451

(14)

Richard Rorty

`A Manifesto for Cyborgs: Science, Technology and Socialist Feminism in the 1980s' (1990)

465

(19)

Donna Haraway

Select Bibliography

484

(7)

Index

491

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Modern Literary Theory A Reader

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials