Molecular Devices An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications

Comprehensive look at mechanical molecular devices that mimic the behavior of man-made devices 

Molecular devices and molecular machines are individual molecules and molecular systems capable of providing valuable device-like functions. Many of them have distinct conventional prototypes and therefore can be identified as technomimetic molecules.  The last decade has seen an increasing rate of practical applications of molecular devices and machines, primarily in biomedical and material science fields.

Molecular devices: An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications focuses on mechanical molecular devices, including the early set of technomimetic molecules. Topics covered include the many simple molecular devices such as container compounds, gearing systems, belts and tubes, and tweezers. It touches upon each molecular machine and discusses in great detail the importance of their applications as well as the latest progress in the fields of chemistry, physics, and biotechnology.

• Interdisciplinary: Must-have content for physicists, chemists, and biologists
• Comprehensive: Details an extensive set of mechanical technomimetic molecular devices
• Thorough: Starts with the fundamental material characterization and finishes with real-world device application

Molecular devices: An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications is an important book for graduate students, researchers, scientists, and engineers in the fields of chemistry, materials science, molecular physics, engineering, biotechnology, and molecular medicine.

ANDREI A. GAKH, PHD, is currently engaged in research on bio- and technomimetic molecules, artificial intelligence, and fluorine chemistry. He has published more than 200 peer-reviewed research papers, reviews, scientific reports, patents, and one book.

Preface ix

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Technomimetics 1

1.2 Examples of Technomimetic Molecules 2

1.3 Manufacturing of TechnomimeticMolecules 11

1.4 Scope of the Book 21

References 22

2 Container Compounds 31

2.1 Introduction 31

2.2 Cavitands 35

2.3 Deep Cavitands 37

2.4 Bis-cavitands 41

2.5 Clamshell-Shaped Molecular Containers 44

2.6 Hemicarcerands 46

2.7 Cryptophanes 51

2.8 Carcerands 55

2.9 Reversible Carcerands 58

2.10 Spheriphanes 64

2.11 Fullerenes 67

2.12 Applications 79

References 82

3 Molecular Gearing Systems 97

3.1 Introduction 97

3.2 BevelMolecular Gears 99

3.3 Spur Molecular Gears 105

3.4 OrganometallicMolecular Gears 113

3.5 Molecular Brakes 122

3.6 Molecular Ratchets and Motors 130

3.7 Applications 133

References 135

4 Molecular Belts and Tubes 141

4.1 Introduction 141

4.2 True Belts 143

4.3 Pseudobelts 164

4.4 Cucurbiturils 182

4.5 Möbius and Other Twisted Molecular Belts 194

4.6 Applications 197

References 203

5 Molecular Tweezers 213

5.1 Introduction 213

5.2 Flexible Molecular Tweezers 216

5.3 Conformationally Restricted Molecular Tweezers 243

5.4 Rigid Molecular Tweezers 259

5.5 Claw Grabbers, Grippers, and Flytraps 268

5.6 Applications 274

References 292

6 Concluding Remarks 311

References 319

Index 321

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