Mtbe: Effects on Soil and Groundwater Resources

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ISBN: 9781566705530 | 1566705533
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 9/28/2000

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Written by an expert team of scientists, engineers, and toxicologists, MTBE: Effects on Soil and Groundwater Resources provides in-depth coverage of the assessment and potential remediation strategies of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). In addition to a history and overview of fuel oxygenates and MTBE, the book includes information on physical and chemical properties, toxicity and health effects, taste and odor thresholds, transport and fate in the environment, detection and treatment in soil and groundwater, and environmental policy. Covering every issue in the MTBE controversy, this book provides a glossary, reference lists, and appendices.

Introduction

(7)

Purpose

(1)

Introduction to the MTBE problem

(2)

Some facts about MTBE

(1)

How to read this publication

(1)

Endnotes and references

(1)

History and overview of fuel oxygenates and MTBE

(10)

The origin of gasoline additives

(2)

MTBE --- benefits and perceived costs

(3)

The cost of MTBE: environmental headache or public good?

(5)

Endnotes and references

(3)

Physical and chemical properties of MTBE

(6)

Production and use of MTBE

(6)

Endnotes and references

(2)

Toxicity, health effects, and taste and odor thresholds of MTBE

(8)

Introduction

(1)

Toxicology

(2)

Cancer effects

(1)

Noncancer effects

(1)

Ecological effects: aquatic toxicity

(1)

Evaluation of studies and data gaps

(1)

Key issues

(2)

Endnotes and references

(2)

Transport and fate of MTBE in the environment

(18)

Introduction

(1)

Importance of transport and fate assessments in environmental restoration projects

(1)

Physical and chemical characteristics of MTBE important to its transport and fate

(5)

Transport and fate of MTBE in the atmosphere

(1)

Transport and fate of MTBE in surface waters

(2)

Transport and fate of MTBE in groundwater

(3)

Implications of MTBE transport and fate characteristics for environmental restoration projects

(6)

Endnotes and references

(4)

Detection and treatment of MTBE in soil and groundwater

(16)

Introduction

(1)

Analysis of samples for detection of MTBE

(1)

Validated methods for detection of MTBE in drinking water

(1)

Nonvalidated methods for detection of MTBE in drinking water

(2)

Methods of analysis for detection of MTBE in other media

(1)

Analysis of other gasoline additives

(1)

Variations in analysis resulting from presence of BTEX constituents

(1)

Treatment of MTBE in groundwater

(11)

Endnotes and references

(3)

MTBE: a perspective on environmental policy

(12)

Introduction

(1)

The making of environmental policy

(1)

Comparison of diverse state policies

(3)

California: policy and transition

(7)

Endnotes and references

(2)

Conclusions and recommendations

(6)

Possible future groundwater quality deterioration from use of MTBE

(2)

Conclusions

(1)

Challenges for the future

(1)

Recommendations

(3)

Appendix A --- Glossary of technical terms and acronyms used in this book

(4)

Appendix B --- Conversions for international system (SI metric) and United States units

(8)

Appendix C --- Material safety data sheets: MTBE and gasoline

(12)

Appendix D --- Summary of MTBE state-by-state cleanup standards

107

(2)

Appendix E --- Geologic principles and MTBE

109

(42)

E.1 Introduction

109

(2)

E.2 Hydrogeology

111

(1)

E.3 Porosity, permeability, and diagenesis

112

(6)

E.4 Sedimentary sequences and facies architecture

118

(21)

E.5 Structural style and framework

139

(6)

E.6 Seismicity

145

(6)

Endnotes and references

145

(6)

Appendix F --- MTBE: subsurface investigation and cleanup

151

(26)

F.1 Introduction

151

(1)

F.2 Subsurface environmental evaluation: phases I through IV

151

(2)

F.3 Drilling and MTBE sampling techniques

153

(1)

F.4 Overview of drilling methods

154

(11)

F.5 Conventional drilling methods

165

(3)

F.6 Conventional soil sampling

168

(2)

F.7 Installation of groundwater monitoring wells and well points

170

(3)

F.8 Groundwater sampling protocols

173

(4)

Endnotes and references

175

(2)

Appendix G --- Synthesis, properties, and environmental fate of MTBE and oxygenate chemicals

177

(6)

G.1 Formation of MTBE: chemical basis for physical properties

177

(2)

G.2 Potential oxygenate alternatives to MTBE

179

(1)

G.3 Properties of the selected oxygenates and aromatics

180

(1)

G.4 Degradation of MTBE

180

(3)

Endnotes and references

182

(1)

Appendix H --- Plume geometries for subsurface concentrations of MTBE

183

(10)

H.1 The migration of gasoline constitutents to the subsurface

183

(1)

H.2 MTBE forensic tools and plume geometries

184

(9)

Endnotes and references

191

(2)

Appendix I --- Toxicity of MTBE: human health risk calculations

193

(6)

I.1 Introduction

193

(1)

I.2 Human health risk assessment: example calculation 1

194

(1)

I.3 Calculation of exposure concentration for specified incremental risk (child)

195

(1)

I.4 Calculation of ingestion CPF

196

(3)

Appendix J --- MTBE web sites

199

(4)

Appendix K --- Summary of MTBE remediation technologies

203

(8)

K.1 Summary of soil characteristics

203

(1)

K.1 Summary of soil remediation for MTBE

204

(7)

Endnotes and references

210

(1)

Bibliography and reading list

211

(23)

Index

234

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Mtbe: Effects on Soil and Groundwater Resources

Summary

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Mtbe: Effects on Soil and Groundwater Resources

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Table of Contents

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