Music Business 101 : For Aspiring Producers, Writers, Musicians, Singers, and Future Record Moguls

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ISBN: 9780976828907 | 0976828901
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/1/2007

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This up-to-date manual fills the need for a basic, easy-to-understand way of getting your foot in the door of a business that seems impossible to break into for most people. Whether you are a first-timer looking to promote your first album or you want to venture into creating your own label, read this book and invest in your future.

1 Distributors and Distribution

(22)

What are the four major record distributors?

Why so many different prices?

Credit cycle

Sale pricing

How records go from major record companies to consumers

The record distribution chain

Major distributors

Mass merchants

Rack jobbers

How records go from indie record companies to consumers

Record chains

One stops

Independent distribution

How independent production companies get their product into stores

Independent retailers

Retail coalitions

The preorder process: getting new records stores at the same time from coast to coast

Preorders

One-sheet

Street date

Press and distribute deal

How to make a one-sheet that really sells your product

Reserve

8 Cross-collateralization

Returns

Catalog

Disintermediation

Bar code (UPC code)

Co-op advertising

P.O.P.

Online retailers

Record clubs

Price and position

Solicitation date/period

Other ways records are sold

How do you sell music on the Internet

Online CD retailers

CD Street

Digital distribution

Mail order

Product development schedule

Six suggestions to establish a solid presence on the Internet.

2 Creating the Product

(26)

Recording budget

What is A&R?

How do you record an album with P.O.s

Purchase order

All-in budget

Master purchase (Selling out)

How do you record an album with an "all-in" budget

People who create the sound

What the producer does

Executive producer

What is creative control?

Co-producer

Recording engineers

Musicians and performers

Session leader

How does being a "guest artist" work?

Union sponsor

Production coordinator

Packaging: the visual side of music

Art director

Graphic designer

Stylist

Artist development

What's the point of a parental advisory?

The tools that shape the sound

Pro mixing console

Pro Tools

Why are mixing consoles so expensive?

Drum machine

Digital sampler

Sampling

Software studios

Sound module

Synthesizer

Recordable blank media

Copy protection

Recordability

CD-R

CD burner

MIDI

Sequencing

Sequencer

Plug-ins

Music workstation

Technics SL-1200

Scratching

Recording and manufacturing process

Tracking

Mixing

Mastering

Master recordings

How to listen to your master/reference CD

Pressing

Soundtrack

Cover tune

Album snippets

Logo

Five quick tips for improving your mixdown masters

Timeline of current media technology

Vinyl

Cassette

Compact Disc

DAT

Minidisc

Audio DVD

Music as digital code

WAVE, AIFF files

MP3 and MP4

How music goes from concept to recorded product

3 Contracts: For Better or For Worse

(24)

What is a contract?

Recording contract basics

Basic disagreements that lead to agreements

What is the Seven-Year Rule?

Everyone says I should read the contract...

Is your attorney worth $300 an hour?

Don't think "demo"

Can't I just get a copy of the form and fill it in?

The nuts and bolts of a recording contract negotiation

Contract

License

Negotiation

What other kinds of contracts might be needed?

Producer's contract

Production deal agreement

What is a "Key Man" clause?

Imprint deal

Joint venture

Can an artist showcase help get a recording deal?

Please listen to my demo

Master purchase deal

What can a logo do for me?

How are recording contracts negotiated?

Work for hire

Re-recording restrictions

Exclusive

Recoupment

Points

Sides

A-side protection

Entertainment law

Music contract software and Websites

Booking agreement

Assignment of copyright

Artist/manager agreement

Co-publishing agreement

Joint venture agreement

4 Ins and Outs of Music Publishing

(26)

Licensing

How do songs earn royalties?

Mechanical license

Statutory license

Co-publishing agreement

What is a license?

How a song's royalties are divided

Shared copyright

Mechanical license

Sampling made simple

Obtaining a sample clearance

Clearing samples yourself

How to clear a sample

Transfer of copyrights

What is sheet music?

Why is it called a "mechanical license"?

Who needs sheet music?

Types of sheet music

How a mechanical license works

Mechanical license statutory royalty rates

How do I get a mechanical license?

To obtain copyright forms

Statutory license

Controlled composition

The Harry Fox Agency, Inc.

How does a copyright help me?

Radio stations pay for the music they play

How to copyright your music

The poor man's copyright

Public domain

Work for hire

All three performance rights organizations pay pretty much the same...

Performance rights organizations

BMI

ASCAP

When music is performed in public...

SESAC

What can a music publisher do for me?

Other organizations you need to know about

RIAA

NARAS

NARM

NARM conventions

AFIM

MIDEM

How a copyright works

Sample clearance form

How music generates royalties

5 Songwriting and Song Placement

111

(8)

Artist and repertoire

Digital songwriting tools

What is a musical score?

Musical score

Writer breakdown

Composer

Different styles of songwriting

Rhythm and blues

Hip-hop

Pop

What does the copyist do?

Jazz

Gospel

Classical music

Melody

Lyrics

Songwriter

Singer/Songwriter

Film score

The metronome

Film composer

Soundtrack

Modern orchestra seating chart

6 Marketing and Promotion

119

(18)

The basics

Marketing budget

Promotion budget

Demographics

What's in a marketing plan?

What is an EPK?

Publicists and public relations

Press release

Album review

Press kit

Promotion

Tour support

Promotional dates

When should I hire a publicist?

Radio drop

Retail

Positioning

Soundscan

Listening station

What is a bullet?

Retail sales programs

Instore

Guaranteed buy-in

Free goods

Parental advisory

Trade publications

Hits

Radio & Records

Billboard

Music conferences

Popular music conferences you can attend

Music Video and direct-to-consumer

Music video

Video treatment

Video commissioner

Video promoter

Video budget

BET

MTV

VH1

Record pools

Street level

Street team

Mixtapes

Marketing plan example

7 How Do I Get My Music on the Radio?

137

(10)

The radio station

The "cookie cutter" programming formula

Program director

Music director

Playlist

Radio add

Rotation

Recurrent

Radio single or radio edit

Radio network

How satellite radio works

Why satellite radio?

Digital Music Express (DMX)

More on the radio add

Radio alternatives

Nielsen BDS

Arbitron

The DJ as an artist

less than or = to The independent (indie) promoter

What is payola?

Major radio players

Commercial single

Radio syndication

Radio resources

Radio sampler

Radio drop

A clear advantage

Air personality

8 Royalties: How do I Get Paid?

147

(8)

Why no artist royalties for public performances?

How much can I make on a platinum album?

Performance rights organizations

Royalties

Advance

Pro rata

Where does all the money go?

If you snooze, you lose...

Five ways to earn royalties

Ring tones

Merchandising

Touring

Advance and recoupment

Catalog

Taxes

9 Who Handles the Business?

155

(10)

Manager

Certified public accountant

What should I look for in a manager?

How do I find a good lawyer?

Road crew

Musical director

Publicist

Composer

Music mogul

Business manager

Merchandiser

Intern

What do booking agents do?

Music supervisor

Product manager

Road manager

Booking agent

Concert promoter

Personal trainer

Stylist

Bodyguard

Stage plot

10 How Record Labels Work

165

(6)

Record label

Independent record label

The resurgence of independent record labels

Universal Music Group

Sony BMG Music Entertainment

EMI

Warner Music Group

How record labels work

Creative division

Marketing division

Distribution division

Administration

11 Filesharing: Stealing Music?

171

(5)

Piracy

Piracy in different forms

The price of piracy and music theft?

Counterfeits

Bootlegs

Filesharing software

Napster

Peer-to-Peer

Top music download sites

Kazaa Media Desktop

Digital rights management

Online audio store

iPod

Resources

176

(7)

Distributors

Rack jobbers

Mass merchants

National chains

One-stops

Organizations you should know about

Disk & tape manufacturers

Mastering studios

Index

183

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Music Business 101 : For Aspiring Producers, Writers, Musicians, Singers, and Future Record Moguls

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials