Nanotechnology Regulation And Policy Worldwide

The emerging commercial application of nanotechnoloy involves devices, processes, and materials that are manipulated at the atomic and molecular level. This first-of-its-kind resource identifies and describes the legal and policy initiatives aimed at encouraging or restricting nanotech research and applications. The book offers an up-to-date understanding of how to comply with regulations in different countries as nanotechnology applications are developed. Professionals find expert guidance on how to protect intellectual property rights associated with this hot technological area.

Introduction

1

(8)

Regulation: A Definition

2

(1)

Who Should Read This Book?

2

(1)

Why Read This Book?

3

(1)

Some Key Take-away Points

4

(5)

1 Nanotechnology: What Is It?

9

(28)

Why All the Fuss About Nanotechnology?

10

(2)

Access to the Nanoworld

12

(1)

The Challenge of Nanofabrication

13

(2)

Nanotechnology Today

15

(1)

Nanotubes

16

(2)

The Quantum Dot

18

(1)

Nanotechnology and Its Invisible Reach

19

(1)

The Extraordinarily Broad Reach of Nanotechnology

20

(1)

A Sampling of Today's Nanotechnology Players

21

(6)

Nanotechnology Tomorrow

27

(1)

Molecular Motors, Machines, and Manufacturing

28

(1)

Nanocomputing and Electronics

29

(1)

Medical Nanotechnology

30

(2)

The Bridge from Today to Tomorrow

32

(1)

Managing the Nanotechnology Hype

33

(2)

Selected Bibliography

35

(2)

2 Nanotechnology and Intellectual Property Rights

37

(38)

An Intellectual Property Law Primer

38

(1)

Patents: Control over Inventions

39

(3)

Copyrights: Protecting Authorship

42

(1)

Trademarks: Managing Commercial Brands

43

(1)

Trade Dress and Design Patents: Protecting Product Design and Packaging

44

(2)

Trade Secrets: The Underestimated Form of Intellectual Property

46

(1)

Nanotechnology Patents: Contemplating the Gold-Rush Mentality

46

(2)

Nanotechnology and the Challenge of Patentability

48

(1)

Invalidity: Will Nanotech Patents Be Fully Enforceable?

49

(2)

Trade Secrets: Overlooked Opportunities for the Nanotechnology Industry

51

(4)

Alternative Legal Theories Applied to Intangible Assets

55

(1)

Using Multiple Intellectual Property Forms for Maximum Flexibility

56

(2)

Intellectual Property Rights and the Future of Nanotechnology

58

(2)

Patent Busters, Generics, Technical Standards, Open Source, and Outsourcing: Potential Complications for Managing Nanotechnology

60

(8)

Nanotech Intellectual Property Rights: A Path Forward

68

(4)

Selected Bibliography

72

(3)

3 Guide to Regulatory Compliance

75

(24)

Nanotechnology and the Environment: Gray Goo or Benign Innovation?

77

(1)

Regulated Substances

77

(4)

Emission Controls

81

(1)

Preserving the Safety of Medical and Food Products

82

(2)

Consumer Product Safety

84

(1)

Nanotechnology and Workplace Health and Safety

85

(2)

Nanotechnology and National Security: Opportunity and Threat

87

(4)

Nanotechnology Regulation: The Core Issue

91

(1)

Europe and the Precautionary Principle

92

(2)

The Challenge of Compliance

94

(4)

Selected Bibliography

98

(1)

4 Nanotech Legal and Public Policy Initiatives Around the World

99

(24)

Nanotechnology Policy Initiatives: A Range of Strategies

100

(2)

NNI: Nanotech Promotion, American Style

102

(2)

The European Community and Nanotechnology

104

(1)

A Nanotechnology Tour of Europe

105

(3)

Asian Nanotechnology

108

(3)

Nano India: The Nanomaterials Science and Technology Initiative

111

(1)

Canadian Nanotechnology

112

(1)

Nanotechnology "Down Under"

113

(1)

South African Nanotech: The SANI

113

(1)

The United Kingdom and Nanotechnology

114

(1)

Nanotechnology Initiatives in Russia and the Former Soviet Republics

114

(1)

Eastern European Nanotechnology Programs

115

(1)

Nanotechnology in the Middle East

116

(1)

Nanotechnology in the Developing World

117

(2)

Nanotechnology Policy Initiatives: What Works Best?

119

(1)

Selected Bibliography

120

(3)

5 Impact of Nanotechnology Regulation

123

(32)

Protecting the Public Interest

125

(1)

Influencing the Direction and Scope of Research

126

(3)

Incentives for Commercial Applications

129

(2)

Affecting the Pace of Commercial Development

131

(2)

Shaping the Nanotech Marketplace

133

(2)

Altering International Relationships

135

(5)

Allocating Costs Associated with Risks

140

(5)

Public Perception of Nanotechnology

145

(1)

Political Consequences

146

(2)

Nanotechnology and the Precautionary Principle

148

(2)

The Challenge of Regulatory Uncertainty and Disparities

150

(1)

The Critical Impact of Regulation on Nanotechnology

151

(1)

Implications for Future Technologies

152

(1)

Selected Bibliography

153

(2)

6 Regulatory Roadmap for Nanotech's Future

155

(30)

Encourage Research

156

(3)

Integration into Existing Regulations

159

(1)

Avoid Regulatory Overreaction

160

(3)

Promote Regulatory Certainty

163

(1)

Encourage Cooperation Between Jurisdictions

164

(1)

Facilitate Information Sharing and Technology Transfer

165

(3)

Regulation to Promote Efficient Markets

168

(2)

Creative Use of Insurance, Industry Standards, and Informal Government Influence

170

(3)

Incentives for Creativity and Innovation

173

(1)

Responsible Interaction with the Public

174

(4)

Regulation and Emerging Technologies

178

(2)

Cultivating the Research Infrastructure

180

(1)

Some Final Thoughts for Regulators

181

(3)

Selected Bibliography

184

(1)

About the Author

185

(2)

Index

187

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Nanotechnology Regulation And Policy Worldwide

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Table of Contents

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