Natural Hybridization and Evolution

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ISBN: 9780195099751 | 0195099753
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/30/1997

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This study draws on data from numerous sources that support the paradigm of natural hybridization as an important evolutionary process. The review of these data results in a challenge to the framework used by many evolutionary biologists, which sees the process of natural hybridization as maladaptive because it represents a violation of divergent evolution. In contrast, this book presents evidence of a significant role for natural hybridization in furthering adaptive evolution and evolutionary diversification in both plants and animals.

Natural Hybridization: Definitions and History	p. 3
Natural hybridization: Definitions	p. 3
Natural hybridization: History of investigations	p. 5
Summary	p. 10
Natural Hybridization and Species Concepts	p. 11
Introduction	p. 11
The Biological Species Concept	p. 13
The Recognition Species Concept	p. 16
The Cohesion Species Concept	p. 18
The Phylogenetic Species Concept	p. 19
Natural hybridization and species concepts: Illuminators or impediments?	p. 20
Summary	p. 21
Natural Hybridization: Frequency	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
Frequency and distribution of natural hybridization in plants	p. 24
The fossil record	p. 25
Floral surveys	p. 26
Heterogeneities	p. 26
Phylogenetic approach	p. 29
Phylogenetic approach and falsifying hybrid speciation hypotheses	p. 41
Frequency and distribution of natural hybridization in animals	p. 44
Bosmina fossil record	p. 45
Surveys of taxonomic groups	p. 47
Heterogeneities	p. 50
Phylogenetic approach	p. 52
Summary	p. 63
Reproductive Parameters and Natural Hybridization	p. 64
Introduction	p. 64
Premating barriers in plants	p. 66
Premating behavior in animals	p. 69
The per locus	p. 69
Gamete recognition	p. 74
Post-insemination processes in animals	p. 78
Podisma and Chorthippus	p. 79
Allonemobius	p. 79
Tribolium	p. 80
Post-pollination barriers in plants	p. 83
Haplopappus	p. 84
Perennial species of Helianthus	p. 87
Annual species of Helianthus	p. 87
Iris fulva x I. hexagona	p. 90
Iris fulva x I. brevicaulis	p. 94
Self- and hetero-incompatibility	p. 98
Self-incompatibility: Introduction	p. 99
Self- and hetero-incompatibility in plants: Similarities and differences	p. 105
Postzygotic inviability and hybrid formation	p. 106
Hetero-incompatibility in animals and plants: common patterns and a model	p. 108
Summary	p. 111
Natural Hybridization: Concepts and Theory	p. 113
Introduction	p. 113
Bounded Hybrid Superiority model	p. 116
Mosaic model	p. 118
Tension Zone model	p. 122
Expectations	p. 123
Case studies	p. 124
Fitness estimates of hybrids and their parents	p. 140
Chromosome races of Sceloporus grammicus	p. 143
Mercenaria mercenaria and M. campechiensis	p. 144
Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentata and A. t. ssp. vaseyana	p. 144
Iris fulva and I. brevicaulis	p. 145
A new conceptual framework: The "Evolutionary Novelty" model	p. 147
Rarity of F[subscript 1] formation, recency of contact, and the association of hybridization with ecotones and disturbance	p. 148
Formation of later generation hybrids	p. 150
Exogenous and endogenous selection and the structuring of hybrid zones	p. 151
Summary	p. 154
Natural Hybridization: Outcomes	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Natural hybridization and the origin of evolutionary lineages	p. 156
Homoploid speciation	p. 156
Polyploid speciation	p. 160
Outcomes of natural hybridization	p. 162
Natural hybridization, positive selection, and introgression	p. 162
Natural hybridization, introgression, and habitat invasion	p. 172
Natural hybridization and conservation biology	p. 175
Summary	p. 180
Natural Hybridization: Emerging Patterns	p. 182
Viewpoint redefined	p. 182
Vision redefined	p. 183
References	p. 187
Index	p. 213
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Natural Hybridization and Evolution

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