Natural Selection in the Wild

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ISBN: 9780691083865 | 069108386X
Cover: Nonspecific Binding
Copyright: 3/31/2020

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"Those who denigrate the importance of natural selection in evolution will be forced to take this book seriously, and those who work on the process will find this the necessary reference text."--Paul Harvey, Oxford University

Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 3
Definition of Natural Selection	p. 4
Relationship to Genetic Drift and Evolution	p. 5
Restricted Meanings of "Natural Selection"	p. 8
Modes of Selection	p. 15
Summary	p. 26
Philosophical Comments	p. 27
Natural Selection and Tautology	p. 28
Force, Action, and Intensity	p. 29
Fitness and Adaptation	p. 33
Two More Useful Distinctions	p. 50
Summary	p. 51
Methods for the Detection of Natural Selection in the Wild	p. 52
Method I: Correlation with Environmental Factors	p. 56
Method II: Comparisons between Closely Related Sympatric Species	p. 59
Method III: Comparisons between Unrelated Species Living in Similar Habitats	p. 62
Method IV: Deviation from Formal Null Models	p. 64
Method V: Long-Term Studies of Trait Frequency Distributions	p. 73
Method VI: Perturbation of Natural Populations	p. 75
Method VII: Genetic Demography or Cohort Analysis	p. 81
Method VIII: Comparisons among Age Classes or Life-History Stages	p. 82
Methods IX and X: Predictions about Natural Selection	p. 86
Method IX: Nonequilibrium Predictions of Changes in Trait Frequency Distributions	p. 88
Method X: Equilibrium Predictions about Trait Frequency Distributions	p. 91
How to Detect Natural Selection in the Wild	p. 93
Summary	p. 96
Problems in Detecting Natural Selection	p. 97
Reasons for Lack of Detection of Natural Selection When It Exists	p. 98
Reasons for Apparent Detection of Selection When It Is Nonexistent	p. 107
Reasons for Mislcading Detection of Selection	p. 115
Summary	p. 125
Direct Demonstrations of Natural Selection in the Wild	p. 126
Characteristics of Demonstrative Studies	p. 127
Observations on the Distribution of Kinds of Traits Selected	p. 154
Observations on the Distribution of Modes of Selection	p. 160
General Comments on Detecting Natural Selection	p. 162
Summary	p. 165
Estimating Selection Coefficients and Differentials	p. 167
Introduction to the Methods	p. 168
Direct Univariate Methods	p. 171
Univariate Mean Fitness Methods	p. 176
Multivariate Methods	p. 179
The Use of Selection Coefficients and Differentials	p. 199
Summary	p. 201
Distribution of Selection Coefficients and Differentials in Natural Populations	p. 203
Methods	p. 203
Observed Distributions	p. 207
A Comparison of Observed and Expected Distributions	p. 215
Summary	p. 222
The Importance of Natural Selection	p. 224
Four Views	p. 224
Origin and Replacement	p. 240
Conclusion: Natural Selection and Evolution	p. 245
Summary	p. 248
Multiple Regression and the Estimation of Selection Differentials	p. 251
Comparisons between Selection Differentials and Regression Coefficients Using Simulated Data of Selection with Known Properties	p. 260
References	p. 273
Species Index	p. 325
Subject Index	p. 328
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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