Neuroinflammation and Cns Disorders

The last decade has seen an upsurge of information on the role of immune responses in neurodegenerative disorders. In many of these diseases it is still unclear whether the innate and adaptive responses are pathogenic or play a role in repair, and thus understanding their precise roles is key to controlling these diseases by designing immune-therapeutic approaches.

The connection between many neurological diseases is the realisation that the immune and nervous systems are inextricable linked, and that perturbations in this delicate balance are involved in many disorders. This has opened up new avenues for therapeutic approaches to treatment of CNS inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Neuroinflammation and CNS Disorders brings together the very latest information on the interactions between the immune system and central nervous system. The first section of the book highlights the basic concepts in the field whilst the second section, the main body of the book, covers the role of the immune response in specific disorders of the central nervous system.

Neuroinflammation and CNS Disorders will provide an invaluable guide for both researchers and clinicians working in this complex and dynamic field.

Nicola Woodroofe is Professor of Neuroimmunology and Head of the Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, UK.

Sandra Amor is Professor, Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Neuropathology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

List of Contributors vii

Preface xiii

Introduction xv

About the Companion Website xxi

1 Immune Privilege of the Brain 1
Ingo Bechmann and Nicola Woodroofe

2 Innate Immunity in the CNS – A Focus on the Myeloid Cell 9
Craig S. Moore, Bryce A. Durafourt and Jack P. Antel

3 Adaptive Immune Responses in the CNS 37
David Male

4 Ageing and the Immune Response in the CNS 59
Divya D.A. Raj, Bart J.L. Eggen and Hendrikus W.G.M. Boddeke

5 Brain Repair: The Role of Endogenous and Transplanted Neural Stem Cells 89
Marco Bacigaluppi, Erica Butti, Cecilia Laterza, Donatella De Feo, Luca Peruzzotti, Arianna Merlini, Melania Cusimano and Gianvito Martino

6 Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s Diseases 111
Magdalena Sastre, Loukia Katsouri, Amy Birch, Alexander Renziehausen, David T. Dexter, Robert R. Crichton and Roberta J. Ward

7 CNS Infections 151
S. Louise Cosby, Sareen Galbraith and Derek Healy

8 Neuroimmunology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 185
Jenny S. Henkel, David R. Beers, Weihua Zhao and Stanley H. Appel

9 Demyelinating Disorders of the CNS 211
Laura Peferoen, Moniek Kattenbelt, Lenthe Lodder, Paul van der Valk, Johannes M. van Noort and Sandra Amor

10 Other Autoimmune Disorders: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Primary Sj¨ogren’s Syndrome, Gluten-related Neurological Dysfunction and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes 235
Marios Hadjivassiliou

11 Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Depression 261
Thomas J. Connor and Andrew Harkin

12 Immune Responses in the CNS in Epilepsy 289
Jan Bauer, Bethan Lang, Sarosh R. Irani and Annamaria Vezzani

13 Inflammatory Mediators and Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit following Ischaemia Reperfusion 317
Philip A. Barber

14 Spinal Cord Injury 339
John C. Gensel

15 Immune Responses to Tumours in the CNS 363
Paul Gielen, Paul van der Valk and Pieter Wesseling

Index 385

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