Neurology of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders

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ISBN: 9780195137644 | 0195137647
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/16/2003

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This reference text provides an insightful and unified synthesis of cognitive neuroscience and behavioral neurology. The strong clinical emphasis and outstanding illustrations will provide neurologists, psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, and psychologists with a solid foundation to the majorneurobehavioral syndromes. With backgrounds in behavioral neurology, functional imaging and cognitive neuroscience, the two authors are in an ideal position to cover the anatomy, genetics, physiology, and cognitive neuroscience underlying these disorders. Their emphasis on therapy makes the book a"must read" for anyone who cares for patients with cognitive and behavioral disorders.

1. NEUROANATOMY AND ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL FUNCTION

(51)

OVERVIEW OF BRAIN ANATOMY

(18)

Macroscopic Anatomy

Cortical Connections

MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION

(8)

Localization of Cognitive-Behavioral Function

Always Test Mental Status Cognitive-Behavioral Observation

Testing Cognitive-Behavioral Abilities

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING

(16)

Underperformance, Exaggeration, and Malingering

Intelligence

Academic Achievement

Attention

Memory and Learning

Language

Visuospatial Function

Executive Function

Sensory and Motor Function

Personality, Mood, and Other Psychiatric Traits

Neurological Disorders

Quality of Life and Quality of Care

SUMMARY

(6)

APPENDIX A

(1)

The Mental Status Examination

APPENDIX B

(2)

A Brief but Sensitive Mental Status Examination

2. FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING OF COGNITION

(16)

INFERENCE IN FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING STUDIES OF COGNITIVE PROCESSES

(2)

PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

(2)

ISSUES IN FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

(2)

Blocked Designs

Event-Related Designs

STATISTICAL ISSUES IN FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

(4)

Statistical Errors

Types of Hypothesis Tested by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

(1)

Methodological Limitations

Presurgical Planning and Prognosis

Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders

SUMMARY

(4)

3. THE RIGHT HEMISPHERE, INTERHEMISPHERIC COMMUNICATION, AND CONSCIOUSNESS

(35)

THE RIGHT HEMISPHERE

(1)

RIGHT HEMISPHERE DOMINANCE OF THE CORPOREAL SELF

(7)

Perception

Constructional Praxis

Nonlinguistic Visuospatial Functions

Relation of the Self to the Environment

Body Schema and Disorders of the Corporeal Self

RIGHT HEMISPHERE DOMINANCE OF THE PSYCHIC SELF

(9)

Primary and Secondary Emotions

Emotional Perception

Emotional Expression

Emotional Cognition and Memory

Emotional Experience of Self

Volition

Disorders of the Social Self

Delusional Disorders Conversion Disorder

THE CEREBRAL COMMISSURES

(3)

Callosotomy and Functional Impairment

Callosotomy and Consciousness

CONSCIOUSNESS

(4)

The Modular Mind

Fundamental Features of Consciousness

Cognitive Aspects of Consciousness

SUMMARY

(9)

4. ATTENTION AND ATTENTIONAL DISORDERS

103

(19)

FUNCTIONAL ATTENTIONAL NETWORKS

103

(11)

Arousal and Alerting Network

Orienting Network

Selective Attentional Network

RECOVERY

114

(4)

Prognosis of Neglect

Therapeutic Remediation of Neglect

SUMMARY

118

(4)

5. PERCEPTION AND PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS

122

(44)

PERCEPTUAL AWARENESS

122

(1)

VISUAL PERCEPTION

123

(28)

Anatomy and Function of Cortical Visual Areas

Cortical Visual Disorders and Defects

AUDITORY PERCEPTION

151

(5)

Anatomy and Function of Cortical Auditory Areas

Cortical Auditory Disorders

TACTILE PERCEPTION

156

(2)

Anatomy and Function of Cortical Somesthetic Areas

Cortical Somatosensory Disorders

SUMMARY

158

(8)

6. LANGUAGE, APHASIA, AND OTHER SPEECH DISORDERS

166

(60)

ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

166

(3)

Cognitive-Linguistic Concepts

Linguistic Components

HEMISPHERIC HAND AND LANGUAGE DOMINANCE

169

(2)

Handedness

Anomalous Dominance

Lateralization of Linguistic Skills

APHASIA

171

(34)

Diagnosis of Aphasia

Localization and Clinical Patterns of Aphasia

Other Aphasias and Language Disorders

Therapy for Aphasia

AGRAPHIA

205

(4)

Aphasic Agraphia

Nonaphasic Agraphia

GERSTMANN'S SYNDROME

209

(2)

Agraphia and Acalculia

Finger Agnosia

Right-Left Disorientation

A True Syndrome?

NONAPHASIC (NONLINGUISTIC) SPEECH DISORDERS

211

(5)

Dysphonia and Spastic Dysphonia

Dysarthria

Nonaphasic Anomia

Foreign Accent Syndrome

Functional Voice Disorders

Stuttering

Palilalia

Echolalia

Mutism

SUMMARY

216

(10)

7. MOTOR SYSTEM AND BEHAVIOR

226

(49)

CORTICAL ANATOMY OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM

226

(9)

Primary Motor Cortex

Motor Association Cortex

Limbic Motor Areas

CORTICAL MOTOR CONTROL DISORDERS

235

(4)

Abulia

Apraxia

SUBCORTICAL ANATOMY OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM

239

(5)

Basal Ganglia

Parallel Cortical-Subcortical Circuits

Direct and Indirect Motor Circuits

SUBCORTICAL MOTOR CONTROL DISORDERS

244

(15)

Basal Ganglia Vascular Lesions

Emotional Incontinence and Pseudobulbar Palsy

Degenerative and Other Basal Ganglia Disorders

THE CEREBELLUM

259

(3)

Functional Anatomy

Cerebellar Diseases

SUMMARY

262

(13)

8. MEMORY AND MEMORY DISORDERS

275

(27)

THEORETICAL MODELS OF MEMORY

275

(1)

Short-Term and Long-Term Memory

Declarative and Procedural Memory

Explicit and Implicit Memory

FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY OF MEMORY PROCESSES

276

(9)

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Procedural Memory

Working (Short-Term) Memory

MEMORY DYSFUNCTION PATTERNS IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

285

(1)

MEMORY DISORDERS

286

(6)

Acute Memory Disorders

Chronic Memory Disorders

MEMORY REHABILITATION

292

(3)

Pharmacological Therapy

Cognitive Remediation Therapy

SUMMARY

295

(7)

9. EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND THE FRONTAL LOBES

302

(28)

ANATOMY OF THE FRONTAL LOBES

302

(3)

Motor and Premotor Cortex

Prefrontal Cortex

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PREFRONTAL SYNDROME

305

(8)

Behavior and the Prefrontal Cortex

Cognition and the Prefrontal Cortex

Neurological Deficits and the Prefrontal Cortex

CLINICAL-ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTION

313

(3)

Dorsolateral Frontal Circuit

Orbitofrontal Circuit

Medial Frontal Circuit

ROLE OF DOPAMINE IN FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTION

316

(2)

NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND FRONTAL LOBE DAMAGE

318

(5)

Traumatic Brain Injury

Vascular and Neoplastic Disorders

Herpes Encephalitis

Epilepsy

Frontotemporal Dementia

ASSESSMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTION

323

(2)

SUMMARY

325

(5)

10. EMOTION AND THE LIMBIC SYSTEM

330

(42)

THEORIES AND SYSTEMS OF EMOTION

330

(4)

Peripheral and Central Theories of Emotion

Relation of Emotion and Limbic Systems

ANATOMY AND FUNCTION OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM

334

(16)

Subcortical Limbic Areas

Amygdala

Hippocampus and Parahippocampal Gyrus

Temporal Pole

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Posterior Orbitofrontal Cortex

Insula (the "Island")

HEMISPHERIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO EMOTION

350

(1)

BRAIN DISORDERS AND EMOTIONAL CHANGES

351

(11)

Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis

Epilepsy

SUMMARY

362

(10)

11. THERAPY FOR COGNITIVE AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL DISORDERS

372

(55)

THERAPY: THE BIG PICTURE

373

(2)

NONPHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY

375

(3)

Rehabilitation

Speech Therapy

Physical and Occupational Therapy

Cognitive Therapy

Vocational Rehabilitation

Pragmatic Therapeutic Approaches

COEXISTING PSYCHIATRIC AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

378

(12)

Depression

Anxiety

Psychosis

Impulsivity

Aggression

PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY

390

(24)

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Venlafaxine

Trazodone

Nefazodone

Bupropion

Mirtazapine

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Lithium

Antipsychotic drugs

Central Nervous System Stimulants

α2-Adrenergic Agonists

Sedative-Hypnotic and Anxiolytic Drugs

Antiepileptic Drugs

Cognition Enhancers

Antioxidants

OTHER THERAPIES

414

(2)

Herbs and Dietary Supplements

Vagus Nerve Stimulation

CONDITIONS AFFECTING COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR

416

(2)

Fatigue

Insomnia

Pain

Sexual Dysfunction

Delirium

SUMMARY

418

(9)

INDEX

427

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Neurology of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders

Summary

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