New Slavery

A shocking account of how slavery continues to afflict millions around the world today-from children in the carpet trade in Asia, to immigrants forced into prostitution in Europe, to domestic workers in the United States and other Western countries.

Preface,

xiii

Acknowledgments,

xix

1 Background and History,

1

(14)

What Makes a Slave?,

2

(1)

Slavery Defined,

3

(1)

How Many Slaves?,

4

(1)

The Nature of Contemporary Slavery,

5

(1)

How Slavery Changed into its Modern Form,

5

(3)

Old and New Slavery Compared,

8

(3)

The Question of Race,

11

(2)

References,

13

(2)

Note,

13

(2)

2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions,

15

(24)

The Forms of Contemporary Slavery,

15

(3)

Examples of Contemporary Slavery,

18

(5)

Lives Up in Smoke,

18

(2)

Slavery in the City of Lights,

20

(3)

Controversies,

23

(7)

Controversy 1-Are We All Responsible for Global Slavery?,

23

(1)

Controversy 2-Is It Right to Buy Slaves?,

24

(3)

Controversy 3-Is Prostitution Slavery?,

27

(3)

Solutions,

30

(2)

The Role of the State and the UN: International Law and Slavery,

30

(2)

Groups and Strategies Working against Slavery,

32

(4)

Examples at the International Level,

32

(2)

An Example at the National Level: Rugmark,

34

(1)

An Example at the Local Level: The Break the Chain Campaign in Washington, DC,

34

(2)

What Can We Do?,

36

(1)

References,

37

(2)

3 Slavery in America,

39

(16)

What Do We Know about Human Trafficking in the United States?,

44

(3)

Stopping Slavery in America,

47

(2)

What Can Be Done?,

49

(1)

Increasing Law Enforcement,

50

(1)

Supporting the Victims and Survivors of Trafficking and Slavery,

51

(1)

Public Awareness,

52

(2)

References,

54

(1)

Note,

54

(1)

4 Chronology,

55

(16)

References,

68

(3)

5 Biographical Sketches,

71

(26)

Swami Agnivesh (1939-),

71

(2)

Jean-Robert Cadet (1955-),

73

(1)

Thomas Clarkson (1760-1846),

74

(1)

Lou DeBaca (1967-),

75

(1)

Frederick Douglass (1817-1895),

76

(1)

Given Kachepa (1986-),

77

(2)

Cheikh Saad Bouh Kamara (1944-),

79

(1)

Craig Kielburger (1982-),

80

(1)

Dona Pureza Lopez Loyola (1943-),

81

(1)

Iqbal Masih (1982-1995),

82

(1)

Keshav Nankar (1961-),

83

(1)

Vivek (1957-) and Vidyullata (1957-) Pandit,

84

(2)

Father Edwin Paraison (1962-),

86

(1)

Shakil Patan (1956-1998),

87

(1)

Father Ricardo Rizende (1952-),

88

(1)

Salma Mint Saloum (1956-),

88

(1)

Amar Saran (1954-),

89

(2)

Suman (1961-),

91

(1)

Moctar Teyeb (1959-),

92

(1)

Harriet Tubman (1820-1913),

93

(2)

John Woolman (1720-1772), 94 References,

95

(2)

6 Facts, Data, Evidence, and Testimony about Contemporary Slavery,

97

(64)

Facts and Figures,

98

(3)

The Spread of Slavery,

99

(2)

Key International Laws and Conventions on Slavery,

101

(15)

Slavery Convention of the League of Nations (1926),

103

(1)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948),

104

(1)

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (1956),

104

(3)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) (Excerpts),

107

(1)

ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor (1999) (Excerpts),

108

(1)

United States Trafficking Victims Protection Act (2000),

108

(6)

United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime (2000),

114

(2)

Reports, Evidence, and Testimony about the Different Types of Slavery,

116

(43)

Bonded Labor,

116

(5)

Contract Slavery,

121

(2)

Chattel Slavery,

123

(5)

War Slavery,

128

(5)

Slavery Linked to Religious Practice,

133

(4)

Forced Labor,

137

(5)

Enslavement for Commercial Sexual Exploitation,

142

(10)

Domestic Slavery,

152

(5)

Child Labor and Slavery,

157

(2)

References,

159

(2)

7 Directory of Organizations, Associations, and Agencies,

161

(40)

Global Antislavery Groups,

161

(3)

Intergovernmental Organizations,

164

(4)

Governmental Organizations,

168

(1)

Nongovernmental Organizations by Region,

168

(33)

Africa,

168

(2)

Asia,

170

(2)

Europe,

172

(10)

North America,

182

(9)

South America,

191

(2)

South Asia and Southeast Asia,

193

(8)

8 Selected Print and Nonprint Resources,

201

(50)

Print Resources,

202

(24)

Books,

202

(17)

Articles,

219

(2)

Teaching Packs,

221

(1)

Briefings and Reports,

221

(4)

Newsletters and Periodicals,

225

(1)

Selected Nonprint Resources,

226

(25)

CD-ROMs,

226

(3)

Exhibitions,

229

(1)

Pamphlets, Photographs and Digital Images, Posters, Press Kits, and Information Packs,

230

(2)

Videotapes,

232

(16)

Web Sites,

248

(3)

Glossary,

251

(6)

Index,

257

(16)

About the Author,

273

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