New York
, by Danielson, Michael N.- ISBN: 9780520045514 | 0520045513
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 11/1/1983
List of Tables | p. xi |
List of Maps | p. xii |
Foreword | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xxi |
Abbreviations | p. xxiii |
Terms of Office | p. xxiv |
Government and Urban Development | p. 1 |
Governments in the New York Region | p. 3 |
The Impact of Government on Development | p. 8 |
Government as Inconsequential: A Critique | p. 8 |
Varieties of Influence | p. 13 |
Varieties of Influence: A Further Look | p. 16 |
The Sources of Governmental Influence | p. 23 |
Areal and Functional Scope: Toward a Classification of Governments | p. 23 |
Concentration of Resources | p. 25 |
Formal independence | p. 25 |
Variety and intensity of constituency demands | p. 26 |
Control over the use of land | p. 27 |
Financial resources | p. 28 |
Political skill | p. 29 |
Control over subordinate units | p. 30 |
Planning | p. 30 |
Targets of Analysis | p. 32 |
Development in the New York Region | p. 35 |
Size and Complexity | p. 35 |
The Physical Setting | p. 40 |
Genesis from the Sea | p. 41 |
The Unique Central Business District | p. 45 |
External Economies and White-Collar Jobs | p. 45 |
Benefits and Costs of the Central Business District | p. 47 |
The Decline of the Older Cities | p. 50 |
The Departure of Middle-Class Whites | p. 51 |
The Growth of Black and Hispanic Ghettos | p. 52 |
The Dispersal of Blue-Collar Jobs | p. 54 |
The Burdens of the Cities | p. 56 |
The Spreading Metropolis | p. 57 |
The Impact of Transportation | p. 58 |
The Movement of Jobs and Homes | p. 60 |
The Slowing of the Region's Growth | p. 64 |
Maximizing Internal Benefits | p. 67 |
Suburban Capabilities | p. 67 |
The Constraint of Size | p. 69 |
Variations Among Suburbs | p. 69 |
Homogeneity and Heterogeneity | p. 74 |
The Central Fact of Autonomy | p. 75 |
The Pervasive Influence of the Property Tax | p. 77 |
The Logic of Exclusion | p. 78 |
The Westchester Approach | p. 79 |
Planning for Fewer People | p. 81 |
The Dilemma of Apartments | p. 84 |
The Right Kind of Industry | p. 89 |
The Results of the Maximizing Strategy | p. 94 |
Accelerating Spread | p. 96 |
Discouraging Innovation | p. 98 |
Excluding the Less Affluent | p. 100 |
Suburbanization Without Maximization: The Case of Staten Island | p. 106 |
Maximization and the Passage of Time | p. 108 |
Minimizing Outside Intervention | p. 110 |
The Dispersion of Power: New Roads in Suburbia | p. 112 |
Perspective of the Highway Agencies | p. 113 |
New Roads and County Government | p. 114 |
Highway Costs and Benefits at the Grass Roots | p. 116 |
Political Weakness of the Individual Suburb | p. 119 |
A Successful Coalition: The Fourth Jetport | p. 123 |
Defeat of the Great Swamp Proposal | p. 123 |
Opposition to Other Sites | p. 126 |
The Basis for Successful Collective Action | p. 129 |
Environmentalism and Suburban Victories | p. 130 |
The Long Island Sound Bridge and I-287 | p. 133 |
Political Actors of Regional Scope | p. 138 |
Impediments to Regional Integration | p. 139 |
The Obstacles of Political Complexity | p. 140 |
Lack of Regional Awareness | p. 143 |
The Pervasive Fear of Regionalism | p. 147 |
The Metropolitan Regional Council | p. 151 |
Agencies of Broad Areal Scope | p. 154 |
Functional Agencies and the Advantages of a Focused Mission | p. 154 |
The Coordinating Agencies: Modest Resources and Multiple Constraints | p. 162 |
Concentrating Resources on Highway Development | p. 171 |
Contenders for Influence | p. 173 |
The Highway Coalition | p. 177 |
The Highway Coalition at Work | p. 185 |
Under and Over the Hudson River | p. 186 |
Bringing Manhattan Closer to the Suburbs with Buses | p. 194 |
Regional Arteries That "Fire the Mind" | p. 200 |
Mass Transportation and the Limited Capabilities of Government | p. 205 |
Mass Transportation and the Region's Development | p. 206 |
Obstacles to Governmental Action | p. 210 |
Responding to a Transit Crisis in New York City | p. 214 |
A Railroad Is "Practically Reborn" | p. 215 |
Toward Broader Regional Action | p. 216 |
Elements of a Solution: Realistic and Otherwise | p. 219 |
Steps Toward Stability | p. 221 |
Dramatic Changes and an Elusive Goal | p. 226 |
Creating a Regional Transit Agency | p. 227 |
Larger Resources and a "Grand Design" | p. 233 |
"Many a Slip ..." | p. 236 |
The Interweaving of Federal and Regional Action | p. 239 |
The MAT's First Decade | p. 241 |
The Port Authority in Disarray | p. 244 |
Conflict into the 1980s: The Case of Westway | p. 250 |
The Continuing Search for Solutions | p. 255 |
Concentrating Resources in the Older Cities | p. 256 |
Goals and Resources in the Older Cities | p. 257 |
Areal and Functional Scope | p. 262 |
The Shortage of Land | p. 264 |
Conflicting Constituency Interests | p. 271 |
The Fiscal Straitjacket | p. 278 |
Dependence on State Government | p. 283 |
Lack of Executive Integration | p. 285 |
Urban Renewal: Political Skill and Constituency Pressures | p. 291 |
The Federal Framework | p. 292 |
Elements of Success and Failure | p. 294 |
Conflicting Pressures in Trenton | p. 296 |
Building an Autonomous Base for Renewal in Newark | p. 297 |
Neutralizing the NHA commissioners | p. 299 |
Offering minor concessions to local political leaders | p. 300 |
Denying the city planners a role | p. 300 |
Winning the support of other city agencies | p. 300 |
Muting those to be displaced | p. 301 |
The Fragile Structure of Newark's Success | p. 302 |
The Medical College | p. 303 |
The Collapse of the Urban Renewal Alliance | p. 306 |
The NHA's Urban Renewal Program in Retrospect | p. 309 |
Enlarging the Renewal Arena | p. 311 |
The Lesson of Urban Renewal | p. 314 |
Patterns of Government Action | p. 316 |
The Complex Role of Government | p. 322 |
Another View: Government Officials as All-Powerful | p. 326 |
Sources of Influence | p. 327 |
Contrasts in Influence: The Case of Marine Terminals | p. 328 |
Constituencies, Insulation, and Leadership | p. 333 |
Broader Values and the Shackling of Government | p. 338 |
The End of Growth and the Role of Government | p. 341 |
Index | p. 349 |
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