NGOs and the United Nations

This work explains and analyzes the relationship between the UN and NGOs since the 1990s.

Kerstin Martens is Senior Researcher at the Collaborative Research Centre 'Transformations of the State' at the University of Bremen, Germany.

List of Tables

viii

List of Figures

ix

List of Abbreviations

x

Preface

xii

Foreword

xiv

1 NGOs, International Relations and the UN System - Introductory Observations

1

(11)

NGO participation in global affairs

2

(3)

Theoretical approaches to NGO-IGO relations

5

(2)

Contributions of this study

7

(3)

Organization of the book

10

(2)

2 NGO Institutionalization into the UN System - Theoretical Framework

12

(33)

Current theoretical approaches to NGO-IGO relations

12

(4)

Transnational relations

13

(2)

Transsocietal approaches

15

(1)

NGOs in the UN System

16

(27)

NGO activities in the UN system

17

(3)

Institutionalizing NGO-UN relations

20

(5)

Categories of internationally operating NGOs

25

(8)

Case selection

33

(10)

Summary

43

(2)

3 Activities in the UN Context - Changing Patterns of Interaction

45

(50)

NGO activities with the UN and new opportunities for interaction

45

(45)

Policy initiating activities

46

(3)

Policy developing processes

49

(3)

Policy implementing practices

52

(2)

Exploring individual cases of NGOs and their activities with the UN

54

(41)

Amnesty International: shifting priorities in its UN activities

55

(14)

FIDH: deepening established areas of activity

69

(4)

CARE International: broadening the spectrum of interaction

73

(6)

Oxfam International: acting individualistically with the UN

79

(6)

Other NGOs

85

(5)

Summary

90

(5)

4 Representation and Representatives to the UN - Institutionalization as an Internal Factor

95

(30)

General observations about NGO representation to the UN

95

(4)

The image of NGOs at the UN in the past

96

(1)

NGO representation at the UN today

96

(2)

NGO representatives at the UN in total

98

(1)

Exploring individual cases of NGO representation to the UN

99

(22)

Amnesty International: mobilizing resources for its UN representation

99

(8)

FIDH: using limited resources to its advantage

107

(4)

CARE International: increasing investment in its UN representation

111

(4)

Oxfam International: only few resources mobilized

115

(3)

Other NGOs

118

(3)

Summary

121

(4)

5 Accreditation to the UN through Rules and Regulations - Institutionalization as an External Demand

125

(30)

General observations on consultative status of NGOs at the UN

125

(10)

Previous resolutions on NGO-UN relations and current legal foundations

126

(2)

NGOs and the consultative status today

128

(2)

Selection process of NGOs

130

(2)

Withdrawal of consultative status as a threat

132

(1)

Consultative status - two sides of the same coin?

133

(2)

Single cases and their consultative status at the UN under examination

135

(16)

Amnesty International: consultative status as an entrance key

135

(3)

FIDH: dependence on formal status as mouthpiece

138

(6)

CARE International: consultative status as lowering bureaucratic hurdles

144

(2)

Oxfam International: little significance of consultative status

146

(2)

Other NGOs

148

(3)

Summary

151

(4)

6 NGOs in the UN System and Beyond - Final Remarks

155

(10)

Conceptualization and theoretical frame

155

(2)

Adjustments in NGO patterns of activity with the UN

157

(1)

NGO representation and representatives

158

(2)

Rules and regulations for NGO accreditation at the UN level

160

(2)

Contribution of this study and future prospects

162

(3)

Notes

165

(9)

References

174

(21)

Index

195

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NGOs and the United Nations Institutionalization, Professionalization and Adaptation

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials