OFDM and MC-CDMA A Primer

Wireless communications has witnessed a tremendous growth during the past decade and further spectacular enabling technology advances are expected in an effort to render ubiquitous wireless connectivity a reality. Currently, a technical in-depth book on this subject is unavailable, which has a similar detailed exposure of OFDM, MIMO-OFDM and MC-CDMA. A further attraction of the joint treatment of these topics is that it allows the reader to view their design trade-offs in a comparative context. Divided into three main parts: Part I provides a detailed exposure of OFDM designed for employment in various applications Part II is another design alternative applicable in the context of OFDM systems where the channel quality fluctuations observed are averaged out with the aid of frequency-domain spreading codes, which leads to the concept of MC-CDMA Part III discusses how to employ multiple antennas at the base station for the sake of supporting multiple users in the uplink By providing an all-encompassing self-contained treatment this volume will appeal to a wide readership, as it is both an easy-reading textbook and a high-level research monograph.

Lajos Hanzo received his degree in electronics in 1976 and his doctorate in 1983. During his 25-year career in telecommunications he has held various research and academic posts in Hungary, Germany and the UK. Since 1986 he has been with the Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK, where he holds the chair in telecommunications. He has co-authored eight books on mobile radio communications, published over 300 research papers, organised and chaired conference sessions, presented overview lectures and been awarded a number of distinctions. Currently he is managing an academic research team, working on a range of research projects in the field of wireless multimedia communications sponsored by industry, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK, the European IST Programme and the Mobile Virtual Centre of Excellence, UK. He is an enthusiastic supporter of industrial and academic liaison and he offers a range of industrial courses. He is also an IEEE Distinguished Lecturer. For further information on research in progress and associated publications please refer to www-mobile.ecs.soton.ac.uk.

Thomas Keller is a professor in the Institute of Business Information Technology at the ZHAW School of Management and Law in Zurich.

About the Authors.

Other Wiley and IEEE Press Books on Related Topics.

Acknowledgements.

1. Introduction.

1.1 Motivationof theBook.

1.2 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing History.

1.3 Outline of the Book.

1.4 ChapterSummaryandConclusion.

I OFDM System Design.

2. Introduction to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Principles of QAM-OFDM.

2.3 Modulation by DFT.

2.4 Transmissionvia Bandlimited Channels.

2.5 Basic OFDM Modem Implementations.

2.6 Cyclic OFDM Symbol Extension.

2.7 Decision-Directed Adaptive Channel Equalisation.

2.8 OFDM Bandwidth Efficiency.

2.9 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

3. OFDM Transmission over Gaussian Channels

3.1 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.

3.2 Choice of the OFDM Modulation.

3.3 OFDM System Performance over AWGN Channels.

3.4 Clipping Amplification.

3.5 Analogue-to-Digital Conversion.

3.6 PhaseNoise.

3.7 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

4. OFDM Transmission over Wideband Channels.

4.1 The Channel Model.

4.2 Effects of Time-Dispersive Channels on OFDM.

4.3 Channel Transfer Function Estimation.

4.4 System Performance.

4.5 Intersubcarrier Interference Cancellation.

4.6 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

5. OFDM Time and Frequency Domain Synchronisation.

5.1 System Performance with Frequency and Timing Errors.

5.2 Synchronisation Algorithms.

5.3 Comparison of the Frequency Acquisition Algorithms.

5.4 BER Performance with Frequency Synchronisation.

5.5 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

5.6 Appendix:OFDM Synchronisation Performance.

6. Adaptive Single- and Multi-user OFDM Techniques.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Adaptive Modulation for OFDM.

6.3 Adaptive OFDM Speech System.

6.4 Pre-equalisation.

6.5 Comparison of the Adaptive Techniques.

6.6 Near-Optimum Power- and Bit Allocation in OFDM.

6.7 Multi-User AOFDM.

6.8 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

II. OFDM versus MC-CDMA Systems.

7. OFDM versus MC-CDMA.

7.1 Amalgamating DS-CDMA and OFDM.

7.3 Further Research Topics in MC-CDMA.

7.4 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

8. Basic Spreading Sequences.

8.1 PN Sequences.

8.2 Orthogonal Codes.

8.3 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

9. MC-CDMA Performance in Synchronous Environments.

9.1 The Frequency Selective Channel Model.

9.2 The System Model.

9.3 Single User Detection.

9.4 Multi-User Detection.

9.5 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

III. Advanced Topics: Multi-User OFDM Systems.

10 Maximum-Likelihood Enhanced Sphere Decoding of MIMO-OFDM.

10.1 Classification of SmartAntennas.

10.2 Introduction to Space-Time Processing.

10.3 SDM-OFDM System Model.

10.4 Optimised Hierarchy Reduced Search Algorithm-Aided SDM Detection.

10.5 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

11. Genetic Algorithm Aided Joint Channel Estimation and MUD for SDMA OFDM.

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 SDMA MIMO Channel Model.

11.3 System Overview.

11.4 GA-Aided Iterative Joint Channel Estimation and Multi-User Detection.

11.5 Simulation Results.

11.6 Chapter Summary and Conclusion.

12. Multi-User OFDM Employing Genetic Algorithm Aided Minimum Bit Error RateMulti-User Detection.

12.1 Introduction.

12.2 SystemModel.

12.3 GeneticAlgorithm.

12.4 SimulationResults.

12.5 ComplexityComparison.

12.6 ChapterSummaryandConclusion.

13. Conclusion and Further Research Problems.

13.1 Summary and Conclusions of Part I.

13.2 Summary and Conclusions of Part II.

13.3 Summary and Conclusions of Part III.

13.4 Closing Remarks.

Glossary.

Bibliography.

Subject Index.

Author Index.

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OFDM and MC-CDMA A Primer

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OFDM and MC-CDMA A Primer

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