Oracle Database 10G Dba Handbook

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ISBN: 9780072231458 | 0072231459
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/14/2005

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Everything a DBA needs to know in one volume--this is the must-have reference for anyone working with the Oracle database, and it's been fully revised and updated for Oracle Database 10g. Co-author Kevin Loney is the all-time, best-selling Oracle Press author.

Acknowledgments

xix

Introduction

xxi

PART I Database Architecture

Getting Started with the Oracle Architecture

(70)

An Overview of Databases and Instances

(2)

Databases

(1)

Instances

(1)

Oracle Logical Storage Structures

(2)

Tablespaces

(1)

Blocks

(1)

Extents

(1)

Segments

(1)

Oracle Logical Database Structures

(17)

Tables

(7)

Constraints

(3)

Indexes

(2)

Views

(1)

Users and Schemas

(1)

Profiles

(1)

Sequences

(1)

Synonyms

(1)

PL/SQL

(1)

External File Access

(1)

Database Links and Remote Databases

(1)

Oracle Physical Storage Structures

(5)

Datafiles

(1)

Redo Log Files

(1)

Control Files

(1)

Archived Log Files

(1)

Initialization Parameter Files

(1)

Alert and Trace Log Files

(1)

Backup Files

(1)

Oracle Managed Files

(1)

Password Files

(1)

Multiplexing Database Files

(2)

Automatic Storage Management

(1)

Manual Multiplexing

(2)

Oracle Memory Structures

(6)

System Global Area

(2)

Program Global Area

(1)

Software Code Area

(1)

Background Processes

(2)

Backup/Recovery Overview

(2)

Export/Import

(1)

Offline Backups

(1)

Online Backups

(1)

Rman

(1)

Security Capabilities

(1)

Privileges and Roles

(1)

Auditing

(1)

Fine-grained Auditing

(1)

Virtual Private Database

(1)

Label Security

(1)

Real Application Clusters

(1)

Oracle Streams

(1)

Oracle Enterprise Manager

(1)

Oracle Initialization Parameters

(4)

Basic Initialization Parameters

(4)

Advanced Initialization Parameters

(1)

Software Installation

(26)

Overview of Licensing and Installation Options

(1)

Using OUI to Install the Oracle Software

(1)

Using the DBCA to Create a Database

(18)

Manually Creating a Database

(5)

Upgrading to Oracle Database 10g

(10)

Choosing an Upgrade Method

(1)

Before Upgrading

(1)

Using the Database Upgrade Assistant

(1)

Performing a Manual Direct Upgrade

(3)

Using Export and Import

(1)

Export and Import Versions to Use

(1)

Performing the Upgrade

(1)

Using the Data-Copying Method

(1)

After Upgrading

(1)

Planning and Managing Tablespaces

(18)

Tablespace Architecture

(11)

Tablespace Types

(6)

Optimal Flexible Architecture

(5)

Oracle Installation Tablespaces

(1)

System

(1)

Sysaux

(1)

Temp

(1)

Undotbs1

(1)

Users

(1)

Example

(1)

Segment Segregation

(5)

Physical Database Layouts and Storage Management

101

(50)

Traditional Disk Space Storage

102

(27)

Resizing Tablespaces and Datafiles

102

(20)

Moving Datafiles

122

(4)

Moving Online Redo Log Files

126

(2)

Moving Control Files

128

(1)

Automatic Storage Management

129

(22)

ASM Architecture

130

(1)

Creating an ASM Instance

130

(3)

ASM Instance Components

133

(1)

ASM Dynamic Performance Views

134

(1)

ASM Filename Formats

135

(2)

ASM File Types and Templates

137

(1)

Administering ASM Disk Groups

137

(14)

PART II Database Management

Developing and Implementing Applications

151

(44)

Tuning by Design: Best Practices

152

(12)

Do As Little As Possible

152

(3)

Do It As Simply As Possible

155

(2)

Tell the Database What It Needs to Know

157

(1)

Maximize the Throughput in the Environment

157

(2)

Divide and Conquer Your Data

159

(1)

Test Correctly

160

(2)

Standard Deliverables

162

(2)

Resource Management and Stored Outlines

164

(17)

Implementing the Database Resource Manager

165

(4)

Implementing Stored Outlines

169

(3)

Sizing Database Objects

172

(8)

Using Temporary Tables

180

(1)

Supporting Tables Based on Abstract Datatypes

181

(7)

Using Object Views

182

(3)

Security for Abstract Datatypes

185

(2)

Indexing Abstract Datatype Attributes

187

(1)

Quiescing and Suspending the Database

188

(2)

Supporting Iterative Development

190

(2)

Iterative Column Definitions

190

(1)

Forcing Cursor Sharing

191

(1)

Managing Package Development

192

(3)

Generating Diagrams

192

(1)

Space Requirements

192

(1)

Tuning Goals

192

(1)

Security Requirements

192

(1)

Data Requirements

193

(1)

Version Requirements

193

(1)

Execution Plans

193

(1)

Acceptance Test Procedures

194

(1)

The Testing Environment

194

(1)

Monitoring Space Usage

195

(46)

Common Space Management Problems

196

(2)

Running Out of Free Space in a Tablespace

197

(1)

Insufficient Space for Temporary Segments

197

(1)

Too Much or Too Little Undo Space Allocated

197

(1)

Fragmented Tablespaces and Segments

198

(1)

Oracle Segments, Extents, and Blocks

198

(4)

Data Blocks

198

(3)

Extents

201

(1)

Segments

202

(1)

Data Dictionary Views and Dynamic Performance Views

202

(5)

DBA_Tablespaces

203

(1)

DBA_Segments

203

(1)

DBA_Extents

204

(1)

DBA_Free_Space

204

(1)

DBA_LMT_Free_Space

205

(1)

DBA_Thresholds

205

(1)

DBA_Outstanding_Alerts

206

(1)

DBA_Alert_History

206

(1)

V$Alert_Types

206

(1)

V$Undostat

206

(1)

V$Object_Usage

207

(1)

V$Sort_Segment

207

(1)

V$Tempseg_Usage

207

(1)

Space Management Methodologies

207

(7)

Locally Managed Tablespaces

207

(2)

Using OMF to Manage Space

209

(1)

Bigfile Tablespaces

209

(2)

Automatic Storage Management

211

(1)

Undo Management Considerations

212

(2)

SYSAUX Monitoring and Usage

214

(1)

Archived Redo Log File Management

215

(1)

Built-in Space Management Tools

216

(12)

Segment Advisor

216

(3)

Undo Advisor and the Automatic Workload Repository

219

(3)

Index Usage

222

(2)

Space Usage Warning Levels

224

(1)

Resumable Space Allocation

225

(3)

OS Space Management

228

(1)

Space Management Scripts

228

(2)

Segments That Cannot Allocate Additional Extents

228

(1)

Used and Free Space by Tablespace and Datafile

229

(1)

Automating and Streamlining the Notification Process

230

(11)

Using DBMS_Scheduler

230

(1)

OEM Job Control and Monitoring

230

(11)

Managing Transactions with Undo Tablespaces

241

(38)

Transaction Basics

242

(1)

Undo Basics

243

(1)

Rollback

243

(1)

Read Consistency

243

(1)

Database Recovery

244

(1)

Flashback Operations

244

(1)

Managing Undo Tablespaces

244

(16)

Creating Undo Tablespaces

244

(8)

Undo Tablespace Dynamic Performance Views

252

(1)

Undo Tablespace Initialization Parameters

253

(1)

Multiple Undo Tablespaces

254

(3)

Sizing and Monitoring the Undo Tablespace

257

(3)

Read Consistency vs. Successful DML

260

(1)

Flashback Features

260

(18)

Flashback Query

261

(1)

DBMS_Flashback

262

(2)

Flashback Table

264

(7)

Flashback Version Query

271

(4)

Flashback Transaction Query

275

(3)

Migrating to Automatic Undo Management

278

(1)

Database Tuning

279

(32)

Tuning Application Design

280

(4)

Effective Table Design

281

(1)

Distribution of CPU Requirements

281

(2)

Effective Application Design

283

(1)

Tuning SQL

284

(6)

Impact of Order on Load Rates

285

(1)

Additional Indexing Options

286

(2)

Generating Explain Plans

288

(2)

Tuning Memory Usage

290

(4)

Specifying the Size of the SGA

293

(1)

Using the Cost-Based Optimizer

293

(1)

Tuning Data Access

294

(4)

Locally Managed Tablespaces

294

(1)

Identifying Chained Rows

295

(1)

Increasing the Oracle Block Size

296

(1)

Using Index-Organized Tables

297

(1)

Tuning Data Manipulation

298

(5)

Bulk Inserts: Using the SQL*Loader Direct Path Option

298

(2)

Bulk Data Moves---Using External Tables

300

(1)

Bulk Inserts: Common Traps and Successful Tricks

300

(2)

Bulk Deletes: The truncate Command

302

(1)

Using Partitions

303

(1)

Tuning Physical Storage

303

(1)

Using Raw Devices

303

(1)

Reducing Network Traffic

304

(3)

Replication of Data

304

(2)

Using Remote Procedure Calls

306

(1)

Using STATSPACK and the Automatic Workload Repository

307

(2)

Managing Snapshots

308

(1)

Managing Baselines

308

(1)

Generating AWR Reports

309

(1)

Running the Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor Reports

309

(1)

Tuning Solutions

309

(2)

Using STATSPACK

311

(12)

Installing STATSPACK

312

(2)

Security of the PERFSTAT Account

312

(1)

Post-installation

313

(1)

Gathering Statistics

314

(2)

Running the Statistics Report

316

(5)

Managing the STATSPACK Data

321

(1)

Deinstalling STATSPACK

322

(1)

Database Security and Auditing

323

(66)

Non-Database Security

325

(1)

Database Authentication Methods

325

(13)

Database Authentication

326

(1)

Database Administrator Authentication

326

(3)

Operating System Authentication

329

(1)

Network Authentication

329

(2)

3-Tier Authentication

331

(1)

Client-Side Authentication

332

(1)

Oracle Identity Management

332

(1)

User Accounts

333

(5)

Database Authorization Methods

338

(37)

Profile Management

338

(6)

System Privileges

344

(2)

Object Privileges

346

(5)

Creating, Assigning, and Maintaining Roles

351

(7)

Using a VPD to Implement Application Security Policies

358

(17)

Auditing

375

(10)

Auditing Locations

376

(1)

Statement Auditing

376

(5)

Privilege Auditing

381

(1)

Schema Object Auditing

381

(1)

Fine-Grained Auditing

382

(2)

Auditing-Related Data Dictionary Views

384

(1)

Protecting the Audit Trail

384

(1)

Data Encryption Techniques

385

(4)

PART III High Availability

Real Application Clusters

389

(46)

Overview of Real Application Clusters

390

(3)

Hardware Configuration

391

(1)

Software Configuration

391

(1)

Network Configuration

391

(1)

Disk Storage

392

(1)

Installation and Setup

393

(26)

Operating System Configuration

393

(4)

Software Installation

397

(22)

RAC Database Characteristics

419

(3)

Server Parameter File Characteristics

419

(1)

RAC-Related Initialization Parameters

420

(1)

Dynamic Performance Views

420

(2)

RAC Maintenance

422

(13)

Starting Up a RAC Database

423

(1)

Redo Logs in a RAC Environment

423

(1)

Undo Tablespaces in a RAC Environment

424

(1)

Failover Scenarios and TAF

424

(1)

RAC Node Failure Scenario

425

(7)

Tuning a RAC Node Database

432

(1)

Tablespace Management

433

(2)

Backup and Recovery Options

435

(26)

Capabilities

436

(1)

Logical Backups

436

(1)

The Data Pump Export/Import Process

436

(1)

Physical Backups

437

(2)

Offline Backups

437

(1)

Online Backups

438

(1)

Using Data Pump Export and Import

439

(7)

Creating a Directory

439

(1)

Data Pump Export Options

440

(2)

Starting a Data Pump Export Job

442

(4)

Data Pump Import Options

446

(11)

Starting a Data Pump Import Job

448

(4)

Comparing Data Pump Export/Import to Export/Import

452

(1)

Implementing Offline Backups

453

(1)

Implementing Online Backups

454

(3)

Integration of Backup Procedures

457

(4)

Integration of Logical and Physical Backups

458

(1)

Integration of Database and Operating System Backups

459

(2)

Using Recovery Manager (RMAN)

461

(56)

RMAN Features and Components

462

(5)

RMAN Components

462

(2)

RMAN vs. Traditional Backup Methods

464

(1)

Backup Types

465

(2)

Overview of RMAN Commands and Options

467

(11)

Frequently Used Commands

467

(2)

Setting Up a Repository

469

(1)

Registering a Database

470

(2)

Persisting RMAN Settings

472

(4)

Initialization Parameters

476

(1)

Data Dictionary and Dynamic Performance Views

476

(2)

Backup Operations

478

(20)

Full Database Backups

478

(3)

Tablespace

481

(4)

Datafiles

485

(1)

Image Copies

485

(1)

Control File, SPFILE Backup

486

(1)

Archived Redo Logs

487

(1)

Incremental Backups

487

(3)

Incrementally Updated Backups

490

(1)

Incremental Backup Block Change Tracking

491

(3)

Backup Compression

494

(2)

Using a Flash Recovery Area

496

(1)

Validating Backups

496

(2)

Recovery Operations

498

(13)

Block Media Recovery

498

(1)

Restoring a Control File

499

(1)

Restoring a Tablespace

499

(3)

Restoring a Datafile

502

(2)

Restoring an Entire Database

504

(4)

Validating Restore Operations

508

(2)

Point in Time Recovery

510

(1)

Miscellaneous Operations

511

(6)

Cataloging Other Backups

511

(1)

Catalog Maintenance

511

(3)

Report and List

514

(3)

Oracle Data Guard

517

(22)

Data Guard Architecture

518

(2)

Physical vs. Logical Standby Databases

519

(1)

Data Protection Modes

519

(1)

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Parameter Attributes

520

(2)

Creating the Standby Database Configuration

522

(7)

Preparing the Primary Database

522

(4)

Creating Logical Standby Databases

526

(3)

Using Real-time Apply

529

(1)

Managing Gaps in Archive Log Sequences

530

(1)

Managing Roles---Switchovers and Failovers

530

(5)

Switchovers

530

(1)

Switchovers to Physical Standby Databases

531

(1)

Switchovers to Logical Standby Databases

532

(1)

Failovers to Physical Standby Databases

533

(1)

Failovers to Logical Standby Databases

534

(1)

Administering the Databases

535

(4)

Startup and Shutdown of Physical Standby Databases

535

(1)

Managing Datafiles in Data Guard Environments

536

(1)

Performing DDL on a Logical Standby Database

537

(2)

Miscellaneous High Availability Features

539

(18)

The flashback table Command

540

(4)

Privileges Required

540

(1)

Recovering Dropped Tables

541

(1)

Flashing Back to SCN or Timestamp

542

(2)

The flashback database Command

544

(2)

Using LogMiner

546

(5)

How LogMiner Works

547

(1)

Extracting the Data Dictionary

547

(1)

Analyzing One or More Redo Log Files

548

(3)

LogMiner Features Introduced in Oracle Database 10g

551

(1)

Online Object Reorganizations

551

(6)

Creating Indexes Online

552

(1)

Rebuilding Indexes Online

552

(1)

Coalescing Indexes Online

552

(1)

Rebuilding Index-Organized Tables Online

552

(1)

Redefining Tables Online

552

(5)

PART IV Networked Oracle

Oracle Net

557

(32)

Overview of Oracle Net

558

(8)

Connect Descriptors

561

(1)

Service Names

562

(1)

Replacing tnsnames.ora with the Oracle Internet Directory

562

(1)

Listeners

563

(3)

Using the Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

566

(6)

Configuring the Listener

567

(5)

Using the Oracle Net Manager

572

(1)

Starting the Listener Server Process

573

(1)

Controlling the Listener Server Process

574

(8)

The Oracle Connection Manager

576

(1)

Using Connection Manager

577

(4)

Directory Naming with Oracle Internet Directory

581

(1)

Using Easy Connect Naming

582

(1)

Using Database Links

583

(2)

Tuning Oracle Net

585

(4)

Limiting Resource Usage

586

(1)

Debugging Connection Problems

586

(3)

Managing Large Databases

589

(54)

Creating Tablespaces in a VLDB Environment

591

(7)

Bigfile Tablespace Basics

591

(1)

Creating and Modifying Bigfile Tablespaces

592

(1)

Bigfile Tablespace ROWID Format

593

(1)

DBMS_ROWID and Bigfile Tablespaces

593

(3)

Using DBVERIFY with Bigfile Tablespaces

596

(1)

Bigfile Tablespace Initialization Parameter Considerations

597

(1)

Bigfile Tablespace Data Dictionary Changes

598

(1)

Advanced Oracle Table Types

598

(36)

Index Organized Tables

599

(1)

Global Temporary Tables

599

(2)

External Tables

601

(2)

Partitioned Tables

603

(31)

Materialized Views

634

(1)

Using Bitmap Indexes

634

(2)

Understanding Bitmap Indexes

634

(1)

Using Bitmap Indexes

635

(1)

Using Bitmap Join Indexes

635

(1)

Oracle Data Pump

636

(7)

Data Pump Export

637

(1)

Data Pump Import

638

(1)

Using Transportable Tablespaces

638

(5)

Managing Distributed Databases

643

(38)

Remote Queries

645

(1)

Remote Data Manipulation: Two-Phase Commit

646

(1)

Dynamic Data Replication

647

(1)

Managing Distributed Data

648

(28)

The Infrastructure: Enforcing Location Transparency

649

(4)

Managing Database Links

653

(1)

Managing Database Triggers

654

(2)

Managing Materialized Views

656

(4)

Using DBMS_MVIEW and DBMS_ADVISOR

660

(11)

What Kind of Refreshes Can Be Performed?

671

(3)

Using Materialized Views to Alter Query Execution Paths

674

(2)

Managing Distributed Transactions

676

(1)

Resolving In-Doubt Transactions

676

(1)

Commit Point Strength

677

(1)

Monitoring Distributed Databases

677

(1)

Tuning Distributed Databases

678

(3)

A Password Verify Function

681

(4)

Index

685

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Oracle Database 10G Dba Handbook

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials