Oxford Guide to Imagery in Cognitive Therapy

Imagery is one of the new, exciting frontiers in cognitive therapy. From the outset of cognitive therapy, its founder Dr. Aaron T. Beck recognised the importance of imagery in the understanding and treatment of patient's problems. However, despite Beck's prescience, clinical research on imagery, and the integration of imagery interventions into clinical practice, developed slowly. It is only in the past 10 years that most writing and research on imagery in cognitive therapy has been conducted. The Oxford Guide to Imagery in Cognitive Therapy is a landmark book, which will play an important role in the next phase of cognitive therapy's development. Clinicians and researchers are starting to recognise the centrality of imagery in the development, maintenance and treatment of psychological disorders - for example, in social phobia, agoraphobia, depression, PTSD, eating disorders, childhood trauma, and personality disorder. In the fields of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience, researchers are identifying the key role that imagery plays in emotion, cognition and psychopathology. The Oxford Guide to Imagery in Cognitive Therapy has been written both for clinicians and researchers. For clinicians, it is a user-friendly, practical guide to imagery, which will enable therapists to understand imagery phenomenology, and to integrate imagery-based interventions into their cognitive therapy practice. For researchers, it provides a state-of-the-art summary of imagery research, and points the way to future studies. Written by three well-respected CBT researcher-clinicians, it is essential reading for all cognitive therapists, who have recognised the limitations of purely 'verbal' CBT techniques, and want to find new ways to work with clients with psychological disorders.

Dr. Ann Hackmann is a clinical psychologist, who has worked for over 20 years in research groups that specialise in the development of cognitive therapy. Currently she is working in a group headed by Professor Mark Williams, studying the effects of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on depression and other disorders. Previously she worked with a group run by Professors David Clark and Anke Ehlers, developing cognitive therapy protocols for various anxiety disorders. She has worked as a therapist in a large number of randomised controlled trials, and has done research on phenomenology of anxiety disorders and refinement of treatment strategies.

Her special interest is in imagery and its relationship to memory in psychopathology, and with Emily Holmes she edited a special edition of Memory (2004) on this topic. She has done studies on treatment of intrusive memories in depression (with Dr, Wheatley and Professor Brewin), and early memories in social phobia (with Dr, Wild and Professor Clark).

James Bennett-Levy is Associate Professor in Mental Health at Sydney University's Department of Rural Health (Northern Rivers) in northern New South Wales, Australia. As soon as he was appointed to the position, he saw the potential of low intensity CBT interventions for rural and remote communities, where access to evidence-based psychological therapies tends to be very poor. Recognising the absence of a useful low intensity CBT textbook to guide practitioners and decision makers, he initiated and co-ordinated the Oxford Guide to Low Intensity CBT Interventions. He has co-edited another important clinical text for CBT practitioners: the Oxford Guide to Behavioural Experiments in Cognitive Therapy (Bennett-Levy, Butler, Fennell, Hackmann, Mueller & Westbrook, 2004); and has co-written the Oxford Guide to Imagery in Cognitive Therapy with Ann Hackmann and Emily Holmes. In his research work, he is one of the world's leading researchers on CBT training.

Dr Emily A. Holmes is a Clinical Psychologist with a PhD in Cognitive Neuroscience. She is currently a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellow and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Oxford's Department of Psychiatry, UK. She is also a clinician, specialised in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Dr. Holmes is known for her clinical expertise and research in mental imagery - particularly trauma memory, with current work also reaching into depression and bipolar disorder. Dr Holmes' present work in experimental psychopathology seeks to understand cognitive mechanisms underlying distress across psychological disorders. In particular she is interested in the impact of mental imagery on emotional processing, and the impact of processing biases in the way people interpret information. Dr Emily Holmes receives research grant support from the Royal Society, ESRC and Wellcome Trust in the UK.

Foreword, A.T. Beck
Preface: How to use this book
Invited Essay: From ancient shamanic healing to 21st century psychotherapy: The central role of imagery methods in effecting psychological change, David Edwards
Part One: Imagery in context
1. Imagery in the tradition of Beckian cognitive therapy
2. The phenomenology of imagery in clinical practice
3. Experimental research on imagery: Implications for clinical practice
4. The effective components of imagery interventions in clinical practice
Part Two: Preparation for imagery interventions
5. Establishing the platform for imagery interventions: General principles and practices
6. Assessment of imagery
7. Micro-formulation of imagery
Part Three: Imagery interventions: Removing and transforming negative imagery
8. Working with intrusive day-time images
9. Using imagery to work with upsetting memories
10. Working with night-time imagery
11. Working with metaphorical imagery
Part Four: Imagery interventions: Creating positive imagery
12. Positive imagery: Creating goals, developing new skills and problem solving
13. Positive imagery: Creating new ways of being
Part 5: Concluding comments
14. Future directions in working with imagery in cognitive therapy