The Oxford Handbook of Administrative Justice

The Oxford Handbook of Administrative Justice examines the wide range of scholarship exploring the administrative decisions made by public authorities that affect individual citizens and the mechanisms available for the provision of redress. The Handbook identifies and provides a survey of key transnational themes in administrative justice research, considers theoretical and methodological approaches to administrative justice, and provides a view of the future of administrative justice research.

One aspect of administrative justice, namely the study of law and administration, is a core component of law school syllabuses and scholarly research around the world. For many public lawyers, this area of study has been focused heavily on legalistic redress systems (e.g. judicial review). Justice against administrations, however, is delivered through a much broader range of mechanisms than legalistic processes alone: fair initial decision-making procedures, internal review systems, ombuds, administrative tribunals/adjudication, and other institutions play a vital role.

Despite their importance to modern governance across the globe (and to the lives of individual citizens), these broader aspects of administrative justice have been left relatively neglected and under-researched, and the Handbook represents a groundbreaking achievement in establishing administrative justice research as a vital and discrete area of study. The Oxford Handbook of Administrative Justice will be an essential resource for legal scholars and social scientists wishing to understand the complexity of this important field.

Marc Hertogh is Full Professor of Socio-Legal Studies at the University of Groningen. He is also Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Law in Context (Cambridge University Press) and a former associate research fellow at the Centre for Socio-Legal Studies (University of Oxford). His
research focuses on public opinion about law, with a special interest in legal consciousness, legal pluralism, and administrative justice. He has written widely on these subjects, including the Research Handbook on the Ombudsman (with Richard Kirkham) (Edward Elgar, 2018) and Judicial Review and
Bureaucratic Impact (with Simon Halliday) (CUP, 2004). His work has been published in leading journals such as Law and Policy, Journal of Law and Society, Social & Legal Studies, and Jurisprudence. His work is frequently cited by policymakers; and he has been an adviser to the Ministry of Justice,
the Ministry of the Interior, the National Ombudsman, and the Public Prosecution Service. At present, he is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Council for the Judiciary and a member of the Council for Responsive Government (Ministry of the Interior).

Richard Kirkham is a Senior Lecturer in Public Law at the University of Sheffield. Previously, he studied Law at Southampton University (LLB), Socio-Legal Studies (MA) and a PhD at the University of Sheffield. He is a recognised national and international authority on the ombudsman institution. He
has written widely on the topic, including The Ombudsman Enterprise and Administrative Justice http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9780754675563 (with Trevor Buck and Brian Thompson (Ashgate, 2011)), The Research Handbook on the Ombudsman (with M. Hertogh) (Edward Elgar, 2018) and A Manifesto for Ombudsman
Reform (with C. Gill) (Palgrave MacMillan, 2020). In 2013, he was the lead author on an independent report commissioned to review the work of the Local Government Ombudsman in England: External Evaluation of the Local Government Ombudsman. In 2013 he also conducted an evaluation of the Gibraltar
Ombudsman scheme: A Review of the Gibraltar Public Services Ombudsman. He is also the editor of the Ombudsman, Administrative Justice and Tribunals Section in the Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law.

Robert Thomas is Professor of Public Law (appointed 2011). His research focuses on administrative law. His book Administrative Justice and Asylum Appeals (2011) was awarded first prize by the Society of Legal Scholars Peter Birks Prize for Outstanding Legal Scholarship in 2011. Robert has acted as a
specialist adviser to the House of Commons Constitutional Affairs Select Committee (2003-04). He is a member of the Administrative Justice Council and co-chairs its Academic Panel. Robert has been awarded research funding by the Nuffield Foundation and the Economic and Social Research Council to
fund empirical legal research into aspects of administrative law including immigration judicial reviews and administrative review processes. He has also undertaken consultancy work in China, Japan, and Serbia on the development and design of administrative law in those countries. Robert is a
visiting fellow at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium.

Joe Tomlinson is Senior Lecturer in Public Law at the University of York. Prior to joining York in 2019, he held lectureships in Public Law at King's College London and the University of Sheffield. He has also held visiting posts at Melbourne Law School and Osgoode Hall Law School. Through the
application of his research, he is involved in the active development of policy and practice. His work has been cited by the UK Supreme Court, relied on in significant public law litigation (including R (on the application of Miller) v The Prime Minister and Cherry and others v Advocate General for
Scotland [2019] UKSC 41 and RR v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions [2019] UKSC 52), cited in both the House of Lords and House of Commons, and has formed the basis of a Law Commission reform project.

Preface
Administrative Justice as a Field of Study
Marc Hertogh, Richard Kirkham, Robert Thomas, and Joe Tomlinson

Part I Institutions
1. Administrative Decision-Making on the Frontline
Richard Martin
2. Internal Review Systems and Administrative Justice
Tom Mullen
3. Administrative Adjudication: The United States is the Outlier
Jeffrey S. Lubbers
4. Judicial Review and Administrative Justice
T.T. Arvind, Simon Halliday, and Lindsay Stirton
5. The Ombud as a Chameleon: A Story of Adaptation to Different Administrative Cultures
Richard Kirkham
6. Government Watchdog Agencies and Administrative Justice
Anita Stuhmcke
7. Public Inquiries and Administrative Justice
Fiona Donson and Darren O'Donovan
8. Oversight of the Administrative Justice System
Sarah Nason
9. Delivering Administrative Justice: Implications for System Design
Christopher Hodges

Part II Social and Political Ideas
10. The Interactions of Administrative Justice and Constitutionalism
Aziz Z. Huq
11. The Individual and Administrative Justice
Naomi Creutzfeldt
12. Social Justice and Administrative Justice
Jackie Gulland
13. Administrative Justice in Authoritarian States
Eric C. Ip
14. Administrative Justice in the Transitional States
Dacian C. Dragos
15. Rule of Law and Administrative Justice
Yseult Marique

Part III Socio-Legal Methods and Approaches
16. Historical Approaches to Administrative Justice
Mark Hickford
17. Administrative Justice and Empirical Legal Research: Debunking the Ordinary Religion of Legal Instrumentalism
Marc Hertogh
18. Models of Administrative Justice
Jerry L. Mashaw
19. Administrative Justice in Street-Level Decision-Making: Equal Treatment and Responsiveness
Nadine Raaphorst
20. Administrative Justice and Cultures of Rule Application
Robert A. Kagan
21. Legal Consciousness and Administrative Justice
David Cowan and Rosie Harding

Part IV Digitalisation
22. Administrative Justice in a Digital World: Challenges and Solutions
Paul Henman
23. Algorithmic Administrative Justice
Steven M. Appel and Cary Coglianese
24. Digitalisation and Administrative Justice: An Access to Justice Perspective
Lorne Sossin and Darin Thompson
25. Implementing Digitalisation in an Administrative Justice Context
Jennifer Raso

Part V Frontiers
26. Administrative Justice in the Private Sector
Avishai Benish and Jérôme Pélisse
27. Administrative Justice and Codification
Cora Hoexter
28. Collective Decision-Making and Administrative Justice
Michael Sant'Ambrogio and Adam S. Zimmerman
29. Administrative Justice and Globalisation
Giacinto della Cananea
30. The Future of Administrative Justice
Michael Adler
31. Directions for Future Research on Administrative Justice
Maurice Sunkin and Lee Marsons